2019-2020学年人教版英语必修五讲义含解析：Unit 3 Period Three

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1、Period Three Learning about Language & Using Language.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分 15 分)1pedal n踏板；脚蹬2alien n外星人；外国人；adj . 陌生的；外国的；外星球的3enormous adj . 巨大的；庞大的4imitate vt.模仿；仿造5moveable adj.可移动的；活动的6typewriter n 打字机7postage n 邮资8postcode n 邮政编码9receiver n接受者；接收器；电话听筒10ribbon n丝带；带状物11dispose vt.布置；安

2、排12disposal n清除；处理13ecology n生态；生态学14manufacture vt.(用机器) 大量生产；成批制造15motivation n动机.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共 15 小题；每题 2 分，满分 30 分)16mud n泥(浆)17desert n沙漠；荒原18citizen n公民；居民；市民19. typist n打字员20button n纽扣；按钮21instant n瞬间；片刻； adj.立即的；立刻的22efficient adj .效率高的；有能力的23dustbin n垃圾箱24greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的25swallow v

3、t.吞下；咽下26material n原料；材料27recycle vt.回收利用；再利用28goods n货物29representative n代表；典型人物；adj .典型的；有代表性的30settlement n定居；解决.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共 10 小题；每题 2 分，满分 20 分)31on earth 究竟32speed up 加速33in space 在太空里34show sb.around/round 带领某人参观35blame sb.for 因而责怪某人36be described as.被描述成37used to do 过去常常做某事38turn into

4、 转化；变成39stare at 盯；凝视40be absorbed by 被所吸引.完成句子(共 5 小题；每题 6 分，满分 30 分)41That is why we persuade families not to lose sight of the advantages that come from a period of time in space.那就是为什么我们要劝说家人不要忽视在太空工作一段时间所带来的好处。42My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space.我首先参观的是一个

5、太空站，这个太空站被认为是太空中最现代化的地方。43Described as an enormous round plate，it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earths gravity.太空站被描述成一个大圆盘，在太空中缓慢地旋转，以模仿地球重心的引力。44Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.太空站里展出了 31 世纪的一些最前沿的发明。45Well，now theres a system where t

6、he waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.现在我们有一种系统，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。.Read the passage and judge whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F)1The author saw three modern inventions: a “thoughtpad”，the “environment area” and a “typewriter” ( F )2In the “environment area” the

7、 rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material，such as “fertilizer” for deserts and “soil” for the fields.( F )3In their third stop，a group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space.( T )4The robots produce goods such as drugs，clothes，furniture，hovering carriages，etc.( T )5T

8、here is no waste，no pollution and no environmental damage but the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements，who have to monitor the engineers and the production.( F ).Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1Why does the space station spin slo

9、wly in space?ATo look more beautiful.BTo look for something worth researching.CTo imitate the pull of the earths gravity.DTo get away from the pull of the earths gravity.答案 C2How do the space citizens send their messages?ABy using a typewriter.BBy using letters.CBy using postcards.DBy using a “thoug

10、htpad”答案 D3Which of the following shows the RIGHT order to use a “thoughtpad”？aClear your mind.bThe message is sent.cYou place the metal band over your head.dPress the sending button.eThink your message.Aa，c，b，e，d Bc，a，d，e ，bCc， a，e，d，b Da，b，c，d，e答案 B4It can be inferred from the passage that in the

11、31st century .Ano rubbish will be producedBthe environment will become betterCthere will be no desertDpeople can use plastic bags without limits答案 B5Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century?AThe robots. BThe managers.CThe spacemen. DThe spaceships.答案 A重点词汇When we wanted the hoverin

12、g carriage to speed up，we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。?speed up 加速at a speed of.以的速度at low/high/full/top speed 以低 /高/ 全/最高速pick up speed 加速注意：speed 的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded，speeded 或 sped，sped；speed up的反义短语为 sl

13、ow down “放慢速度” 。(1)Obviously，a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加快我们到达目标的速度。(2)This flight is now heading for Paris at a speed of 1,000 kilometres an hour.这次飞行现在正以每小时一千公里的速度向巴黎进发。(3)I began to pick up speed，but suddenly I realized I had forgotte

14、n how to stop.我开始逐渐加速，但我突然意识到我忘了该怎么停下来。单句改错(4)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are travelling at a high speed.You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant its sent.你把金属带放在头上，整理思路，按下发送按钮，想着

15、你要发送的信息，然后刹那间信息就发出去了。?instant n瞬间；片刻； adj.立刻的；立即的；(食物、咖啡等)即食的in an instant 一会儿后；片刻；马上for an instant 持续了一会儿the instant (that)as soon as 一就instantlyimmediately 立刻，马上；一就(1)Although he was too busy， he promised to be back in an instant.虽然他很忙，但他答应过一会儿就回来。(2)I sent you the news instantly/the instant I hea

16、rd it.我一听到此消息，便通知了你。(3)In an instant/Instantly，he took off his coat and jumped into the water.瞬间，他脱下大衣跳进了水里。熟词生义 写出句子中 instant 的汉语意思(4)I dont like to drink instant coffee.速溶的A giant machine，always greedy for more，swallows all the waste available.一台巨型机器，能把所有能获得的废弃物都吞进去，而且总是贪得无厌。?greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心

17、的be greedy for sth.对贪婪/渴望be greedy to do sth.渴望做某事It is greedy of sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是贪婪的(1)I dont like the man who is greedy for money.我不喜欢那个贪财的人。(2)Tom is greedy to do(do) his homework to have a comfortable holiday.汤姆急着做家庭作业是为了有一个轻松的假期。(3)It was greedy of them to take such bribes.他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。

18、However， the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements.但是，这些公司必须培训他们的代表在太空定居点中生活和工作。?settlement n 定居；解决；协议reach a settlement 达成协议settle v定居；解决settle down 定居下来； (使某人)安静下来/平静下来settle in 安顿下来；适应 (新居、新工作)(1)The two sides have reached a settlement(settle) over ne

19、w working conditions.关于新的工作条件双方已达成了协议。(2)He often dreamed of retiring to England and planned to settle down in the country in the past.在过去他经常梦想隐退到英国，并计划在该国安顿下来。(3)Hows your new home？Are you settling in OK?你的新家怎么样？你习惯了吗？经典句式Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.

20、太空站里展出了 31 世纪的一些最前沿的发明。该句为简单句。表示方位的副词 inside 置于句首，句子的主语是名词，句子用完全倒装。表示时间(now ， then 等)或方位(here，there，up ，down，in， out，away，off ，inside，outside 等)的副词，以及表示地点的介词短语(in the room，on the wall 等) 置于句首，且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装。(1)There stands a stone bridge across the river.河上有一座石桥。(2)In came a little girl，with a boo

21、k in her hand.进来了一个小姑娘，手里拿着一本书。单句改错(3)On the wall two old pictures.waswereWell，now theres a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.现在我们有一种系统，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。这是一个复合句。where 在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词 system。当先行词为 system，case， point，position ，situation， activity，atmosphere 等，且关系词在从句

22、中作地点状语时，常用 where 引导定语从句，表示抽象地点。当先行词 stage，occasion 等表示时间且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用 when 引导。(1)Its helpful to put children in a situation where they manage everything all by themselves.把孩子放在一个自己能完全处理所有事情的环境中是有好处的。(2)Students should take part in some activities where they can gain experience.学生们应该参加一些他们能获得经验的活动

23、。单句改错(3)Can you think of a case the word is properly used? thatwhere.单句语法填空1Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body.2The settlement(settle) is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life

24、in the city.3Though he got what he had wanted，he looked at the shop window with greedy(greed) eyes.4The instant the president declared the celebration open，the crowd cheered.5The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.6Networking is one of the

25、 most powerful tools you have at your disposal(dispose).完成句子7On both sides of the road are beautiful flowers.路的两边是美丽的鲜花。8That is why I recommend another category of booksliterary books.这就是为什么我要推荐另一种类别的图书文学类图书。9The sun lies at the heart of the solar system where it is the largest object.太阳位于太阳系的中心，也是

26、太阳系中最大的天体。10Tim is so greedy for knowledge that he reads every book available.蒂姆十分渴求知识，以至于找得到的书他都读。.课文短文改错It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space.Describing as an enormous round plate，it spins slowly in space to imitate a pull of the earths gravity.Inside were an ex

27、hibition of the more uptodate inventions of the 31st century.A guide showed us around three stop.In the first stop，I saw the “thoughtpad” used for send messages.In the second stop，we were on the “environment area”There was a waste machine which could swallow all the waste availably.The third stop sh

28、owed us to how the goods were manufactured by robots.答案It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. as to DescribingDescribedan enormous round plate，it spins slowly in space to imitate pull of the earths gravity.Inside athean exhibition of the uptodate inventions of the

29、 31st century.A guide showed us werewas moremostaround three .In the first stop，I saw the “thoughtpad” used 或 messages.In the stopstops forto sendsendingsecond stop，we were the “environment area”There was a waste machine which could oninswallow all the waste .The third stop showed us to how the good

30、s were manufactured by availablyavailablerobots.基础巩固.单词拼写1Learning English requires a lot of motivation(动机) ；otherwise，one will lose interest in it.2There is little doubt that recycling(再利用) is good for the environment.3If you are chewing the food，then talk after you swallow(吞没) it down.4At the edge

31、 of the desert(沙漠 )，he came across a deserted church.5The singer is regarded as a representative(代表) as the youth of her generation.6With the governments aid，those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements(定居点)7A new series of simple English reading materials(材料) for middle school

32、 students has come out this year.8The animal is part of nature.If they were separated from humans，we wouldnt be able to keep the ecology(生态) balance.单句语法填空9The car slowed down at the turning，so I sped up to catch up with it.10He is addicted to computer games，and that is why he has to drop out of sch

33、ool.11Greedy for power，the general conceived a plan to overthrow the government.12We only moved house last week and we havent settled in yet.13Recycling(recycle) is important to help protect our environment.14He is good at motivating(motivate) his employees to work more efficiently.15The study was c

34、arried out in one small town，so we cant be sure that the results are truly representative(represent)16Because of the strong wind，the fire spread quickly and soon the whole office building was swallowed(swallow) by flames.17I think it would be a good idea to have comments from secretaries and typists

35、(type) who are already using it.18In the light of the muddy(mud) field，the football team wore their old uniforms.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )19The train passed by a speed of 200 kilometers an hour.inat20Inside the box his favorite collection of stamps.areis21It is so greedy you to leave none of the cake for e

36、veryone else.forof22. the hero turned up at the meeting，the audience applauded.InstantInstantly23John was astonished to learn that he deserted when he was five years old. was.句型转换24A few high buildings stand inside our school.Inside our school stand a few high buildings.25He has heart disease.That i

37、s because he has been smoking too much.The reason why he has heart disease is that he has been smoking too much.26The bell went and the teacher came in.There went the bell，and in came the teacher.27As soon as I saw him，I knew he was the man the police were looking for.The instant I saw him，I knew he

38、 was the man the police were looking for.28We missed the train as a result of the heavy rain.It rained heavily.As a result，we missed the train.能力提升.阅读理解AIn the far，far future，bicycles and perhaps skates may be run by jet power，and a new thing to ride may be a small flying saucer(飞碟)Imagine a race be

39、tween them!There may be telepathy helmets(心灵感应帽) that send through waves from your brain to that of your friend miles away.You just think a thought and your friend knows it！You can have secrets with each other that nobody else can turn in on!What about the food of the future？Scientists think that mu

40、ch of it will be artificialmade in factories from such surprising things as coal，limestone ，air，and water.The artificial food will be healthful because all the things that you need to live a long and healthy life will be put into it.The future hospitals will probably have “body banks” that can give

41、you almost any new part you need to keep on living.People of the future may live to be a lot older than 100 years.What about highways of the future？Well，a very small child probably will be able to drive a car.Nobody will need to steer(驾驶)Electric signals will hold each car on the right road to get w

42、herever the “driver” wants to go.And it probably will be impossible for cars to smash together.Controls that wont even have to be touched will make all speeding cars miss each other or will put on the brakes.Driving cars will be as safe as being at home.But maybe the most wonderful surprise in the f

43、uture will be weather control.Cities may have giant plastic domes(圆顶罩) over them to keep out snow， rain，or storms.When you plan a picnic in a park，you wont have to worry about rain.It will rain only when the “weatherman” thinks it is necessary to fresh the air inside the city.All other days will be

44、fair and warm.The future should be a wonderful time in which to live and the time we are living in now is also a wonderful future to the people who lived 100 years ago.语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 一 篇 科 普 说 明 文 。作 者 对 未 来 的 生 活 进 行 了 畅 想 。29What can we learn from the passage?AWith telepathy helmets，we can share ou

45、r thoughts without any words.BThe artificial food made from coal and limestone tastes the most delicious in the future.CThere will be “body banks ” instead of hospitals in the future.DPlastic domes themselves can automatically control the weather.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是“You just think a thought and

46、your friend knows it！”可知，未来人们有了心灵感应帽不用说话就能交流。故选 A 项。30With the future highways， .Asmall children have to learn to driveBcar accidents still couldnt be avoidedCwe can be taken to the destination without steeringDcars will be no longer equipped with brakes答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“Nobody will need to stee

47、r(驾驶) ”可知，在未来的公路上，我们可以不用驾驶就能到达目的地。故选 C 项。31The authors attitude towards the future life is .Adisappointed BpessimisticCsatisfied Ddoubtful答案 C解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为未来的世界很精彩，所以作者对于未来生活的态度是很满意的。故选 C 项。BThe future home is something that people have talked about for decades.Because the future home ide

48、a inspires our imagination，scientists and engineers have been working hard to develop different systems to make houses “smarter”The video camera at the entrance recognizes visitors using facial recognition software.The facial recognition software of the future home will not only recognize friends，but strangers as well.And the software in your future home will run the strangers faces against a database of criminals.The future home will also have smart appliances(家电) as