2019-2020学年人教版英语必修五讲义含解析：Unit 5 Period One

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1、Never try and reset a broken bone.Remember，this is first aidif you are doing this，you are preparing a patient for transport.Unless you are 100% sure of what you are doing，resetting a broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse.It is dangerous to give aspirin(阿司匹林) to anyone under the age o

2、f 16 as it can potentially cause damage to the brain and liver before this age.Never，ever put yourself in danger！As much as this seems to lack compassion(同情)，remember that being a hero，in this case，means nothing if you come back dead.If you arent sure what to do，leave it to the professionals.If its

3、not a lifecritical injury， doing the wrong thing can harm the patient.See the following tips about training.Do not move the person.It could harm them even more；unless they are in immediate danger.Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person.Do not touch someone who is being

4、shocked by an electrical current.Turn off the power or use a piece of nonconductive material (e.g.，wood，dry rope，dry clothing) to separate him from the power source before touching him.Before touching a victim or offering any aid，get permission to treat! Check the laws in your area.If someone has a

5、“Do not resuscitate(使复苏) ” order，respect it.If the person is unconscious and at risk of death or injury，without any known “Do not resuscitate” order，go ahead and treat by the permission.阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F )1When you are trying to give first aid ，you must not put yourself in danger.( T )2If you aren t su

6、re what to do，youd better wait for the professionals.( T )Period One Warming Up & ReadingPrereading匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思第一组1sprain A暂时的；临时的2ankle B流血3choke C扭伤4temporary D踝(关节)5bleed E(使)噎住；( 使)窒息答案 1.C 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.B第二组6complex A橱柜；衣柜7ray B器官8organ C屏障；障碍( 物)9cupboard D光线；射线10barrier E复杂的答案 6.E 7.D 8.B

7、9.A 10.C第三组11liquid A液体12swell B轻微的；温和的；温柔的13tissue C炉子；火炉14mild D(生物) 组织；薄的织物；手巾纸15stove E(使)膨胀；隆起答案 11.A 12.E 13.D 14.B 15.C第四组16damp A神经；胆量17vital B剪刀18symptom C至关重要的；生死攸关的19nerve D症状；征兆20scissors E潮湿的答案 16.E 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.BStep 1 Fastreading1Whats the main idea of the text?AIts about the typ

8、es of burns.BIts about the symptoms of burns.CIts about the burns and the first aid treatment.DIts about the treatment of burns.答案 C2Put the following sentences into right orders according to the passage.( 3 )The three types of burns( 5 )What to do if someone gets burned( 1 )The functions of the ski

9、n( 4 )The symptoms of burns( 2 )How we get burnsStep 2 Carefulreading.Read the passage and judge whetherthe following sentences are true (T) or false (F)1When someone is burned，you should place some ice on his wound.( F )2One of the functions of cool water is to reduce swelling.( T )3We should put d

10、amp cloths on the second degree burns.( T )4We shouldnt break the blisters，or they might make the wound infected.( T )5Sometimes，we can put oil or ointment on burns to stop the infection.( F )6We should make sure the bandage wont stick to the skin when it is used.( T )7If burns are on arms or legs，k

11、eep them higher than the heart if it is possible.( T )8Cold water can be used in all three types of burns.( F ).Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1Which of the following is NOT the cause of burns?ASteam and radiation.BThe moon and the sun.CFire and electricity.DHot liquids and c

12、hemicals.答案 B2What are the characteristics of first degree burns?ABlack and white and charred.BRough，red and swollen.CRough，red and dry.DDry ，red and mildly swollen.答案 D3If burns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin，someone must .Abe sent to hospital at onceBb

13、e placed on the floor and cool the burns immediatelyCbe undressed in order to cover the burned area with a clean，dry bandageDbe asked not to drink any water答案 A4Why should we dry the burned area gently?ABecause the person will cry.BBecause rubbing may break any blisters and the wound may get infecte

14、d.CBecause the burns are on the face.DBecause it will make the person feel good.答案 B5Which of the following first aid treatments is RIGHT according to the text?ATake clothing off the burned area even though it is stuck to the burn.BDo not put cold water on second degree burns.CIf burns are on the fa

15、ce，the victim should sit up.DIf the injuries are second degree burns，it is unnecessary to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.答案 CStep 3 PostreadingAfter reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.First aid is a kind of help 1.given(give) to someone who falls ill or gets in

16、jured 2.before a doctor can be found.Often the illness or injury is not serious.Now lets talk about first aid for burns.You have three layers of skin that protect 3.yourself(you) against disease，poisons and the 4.harmful(harm) rays from the sun.Your skin also gives you your sense of touch.First aid

17、is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.People can get burned by many things,5.such as hot liquids， steam， fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.6.There are three types of burns.Burns 7.are called(call) first，second or third degree burns,8.depending(depend) on which layers

18、 of the skin are burned.Different degree burns can be treated in 9.a different way.Lets keep these things 10.in mind.Step 4 Sentencelearning1Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.句式分析 本句是一个并列句，第一个并列分句是主系表结构；第二个并列分句是 there be

19、 结构，内含定语从句 when giving first aid quickly can save lives，修饰 times。自主翻译 通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但也有一些时候迅速实施急救能挽救生命。2So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.句式分析 as 引导非限制性定语从句，表示 “正如 ；正像” ；主句是 it can be very serious；if your skin gets burned 为条件状语从句。自主翻译 因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非

20、常严重。3Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.句式分析 本句是一个复合句，主句是祈使句 Remove clothing；using scissors 是现在分词短语作方式状语；if necessary 是状语从句的省略形式； unless it is stuck to the burn 是条件状语从句。自主翻译 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉，必要时可使用剪刀。.阅读理解AYou may need to give first aid.First aid is define

21、d as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person.The goals of first aid are to prevent death and injuries from becoming worse.Each emergency condition is different.However，the following rules apply to any kind of emergency.*Be aware of your limitations.Do not try to do more than you are abl

22、e to.Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them.Do what you can under the conditions at the time.*Stay calm.Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe.*Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding，and if there is a pulse.*Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her.Yo

23、u could make an injury worse if you move the victim.*Take necessary emergency steps.*Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system(急救系统) start.*Do not remove clothing unless you have to.If clothing must be removed，tear the clothes along the seams(线缝) *Keep the victim warm.Cover the victim with

24、 a blanket.Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket can not be found.*Reassure(使安心) the victim.Explain what is happening and that help has been called.*Do not give the victim any food or fruits.*Keep the bystanders(旁观者) away from the victim.Bystanders want to have a look，offer advice， and say som

25、ething about the victims condition.The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.语 篇 解 读 本 文 说 明 了 当 事 故 发 生 时 ，如 何 进 行 急 救 来 减 少 伤 亡 ，避 免 事 态 进 一 步 恶 化 。1The most important purpose of first aid is .Ato stop deathBto keep the injured person calmCto help the victim stay in a sa

26、fe placeDto see if the injured person is still living答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The goals of first aid are to prevent death and injuries from becoming worse.”可知答案为 A 项。2When a person is badly injured on the road，you should .Aact worriedly and hurriedlyBdo whatever you want to do freelyCnot move him or he

27、rDmake the injured person stand up答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第六段的“Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her.You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.”可知选 C 项。3Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? AYou should do more than what you are able to do to help an inj

28、ured person in emergency conditions.BDont remove the clothes of the injured person no matter what happens.CIt is necessary to cover the victim with a blanket.DIf the injured person feels hungry，you should give him or her some food.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的前两句“Keep the victim warm.Cover the victim with a

29、 blanket.”可知正确答案为 C 项。4The main purpose of the text is to tell .Ahow to save a personBwhat to do when an accident happensChow to call for helpDhow to give first aid答案 D解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是告诉人们当事故发生时，如何进行急救来减少伤亡，避免事态进一步恶化。故选 D。BBethany Simpson，a pupil at St Columb Major Academy，Cornwall，bravely s

30、tepped in when her stepfather Robert Hoskins stopped breathing on March 15.She delivered CPR(心肺复苏术) before the ambulance arrived.Bethanys mother Jane and Robert were watching TV in bed when both of them had fallen asleep，but Jane woke up and noticed Roberts breathing had become weak and hard.Jane qu

31、ickly called 999 and followed the operators advice，including moving him onto his side to make him more comfortable.But when Robert stopped breathing completely and the operator told her to give CPR，Jane completely froze.“I panicked(恐慌) and said I cant do it， ” said Jane.“Fortunately，Bethany heard me

32、 scream，came into the bedroom and said Its OK，Mum.I know what to do. She was so confident and took charge.” Bethany performed CPR that kept Robert alive.Robert，who is now recovering at home，said， “I would just like to sincerely thank St John Ambulance for teaching the children first aid.If it wasnt

33、for them and Bethany，I wouldnt be here.” The tenyearold says she doesnt believe she is a hero.“Im just glad my dad is still here， ” she added.Both Robert and Jane believe the government should ask all schools to teach first aid.“This incident just shows why its important to teach everyone first aide

34、specially in schools， ” said Jane.“Without my daughter and the training St John Ambulance gave her，Robert would be dead and I would be heartbroken.Im so proud of Bethany and so grateful.”语 篇 解 读 一 位 10岁 的 小 女 孩 在 继 父 心 脏 病 发 作 时 ，给 他 实 施 心 肺 复 苏 术 ，使 继 父 得 救 。5When the operator told Jane to give CPR

35、，she .Afollowed the adviceBcalled an ambulanceCdidnt know what to doDasked her daughter for help答案 C解析 细节理解题。由第三段第一句“I panicked(恐慌) and said I cant do it， ” said Jane.可知，简不知道如何实施心脏复苏术。6We can infer from the text that Bethany .Ahad trouble performing CPRBhadn t learned CPR before the incidentCwas tau

36、ght how to perform CPR by phoneDhad some knowledge of CPR before the incident答案 D解析 推理判断题。由第三段最后两句和第四段中“I would just like to sincerely thank St John Ambulance for teaching the children first aid.”以及最后一段倒数第二句可推知，贝瑟尼在继父的事发生之前接受过心肺复苏术的培训。7What did Jane learn from the incident?AIts easy for one to maste

37、r first aid.BFirst aid is especially useful to kids.CEveryone should be equipped with firstaid knowledge.DChildren should be taught first aid as early as possible.答案 C解析 细节理解题。分析最后一段尤其第二句可知，简从这个事件中体会到每个人都应具备急救知识，并强调所有学校都应该教给孩子这项技能。CFirst aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury

38、 until more skillful medical treatment is available.It may save a life.In many emergencies，first aid may prevent a victims condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain.First aid must be administered as quickly as possible.In the case of the critically injured，a few minutes can make a di

39、fference.Firstaid measures depend upon the victims needs and the providers level of knowledge and skill.Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a person with a neck injury，for example，can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪) De

40、spite the variety of injuries，several principles of first aid can apply to all emergencies.The first step is to call for professional medical help.The victim，if conscious，should be reassured that medical aid has been requested，and asked for permission to provide any first aid.Next，assess the scene，a

41、sking people around or the injured persons family or friends about details of the injury or illness，any care that may have already been given，and preexisting conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble.The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions.Un

42、less the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury，do not move the victim.First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether lifethreatening conditions exist.One method for evaluating a victims condition is known as the acronym(首字母缩略词) ABC，which stands fo

43、r ：AAirway: Is it open and clear?BBreathing: Is the person breathing？Look，listen and feel for breathing.CCirculation: Is there a pulse？Is the person bleeding externally？Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.语 篇 解 读 本 文 主 要 讲 的 是 急 救 的 重 要 性 以 及 如 何 实 施 急

44、 救 。8First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT .Asaving a victims lifeBpreventing a victim s condition from getting worseCrelieving a victim from painDhelping a person avoid sudden illness or injury答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知 A、B、C 三项的内容均为急救的作用。再根据对急救的描述可知，急救不能避免突发的疾病或伤害。故选 D。9Before

45、we offer first aid to a victim，it is very important for us to .Amake sure what to do and what not to doBrefer to all kinds of handbooks on first aidCremove the medical card he/she may takeDtake him/her to a hospital at once答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Knowing what not to do.knowing what to do.”可知A 项正确。10Whe

46、n giving first aid to a victim，you should first of all .Aremove him/her from the accident sceneBturn him/her overCcall for professional medical helpDexamine him/her carefully答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The first step is to call for professional medical help.”可知，首先是寻找专业的医疗帮助。故选 C。11You may assess a victims

47、 condition by all the following EXCEPT .Achecking whether there is a pulseBlooking ，listening and feeling for breathingCmeasuring his/her blood pressureDexamining whether the airway is open and clear答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知 A、B、D 三项均表述正确，而 C 项没有提及，故应选 C。.七选五Last week when I was reading at home，my

48、younger sister rushed in and told me an old man was lying on the ground in front of our building.I immediately took my firstaid kit and ran downstairs.He was suffering a slight heart attack.And I performed CPR on him.Luckily，an ambulance came soon and he was taken to hospital.Later that day I was told by the hospital what I did helped rescue the old mans life.I was happy to hear that. 12 There were many people who w