2018-2019学年人教版高中英语选修8 Unit2单元质量检测试卷（二）含答案

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1、单元质量检测( 二)(时间：100 分钟 满分：120 分).阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AResearch advances over the past decade have told us that, with a little work, we humans can clone just anything we want, from frogs to monkeys and probably even ourselves! So, we can clone things, but w

2、hy would we want to? Lets look at some of the reasons people give to justify cloning.1Cloning for medical purposesOf all the reasons, cloning for medical purposes has the most potential to benefit a large number of people. Cloning technologies might reduce the time needed to make a transgenic animal

3、 model, and the result would be a population of genetically identical animals for study.2Cloning stem cells for researchStem cells are the bodys building blocks which might be used to repair damaged or diseased organs and tissues. Researchers are currently looking on cloning as a way to create genet

4、ically defined human stem cells for research and medical purposes.3Reviving endangered or extinct speciesThe dinosaur was an extinct species. Could we really clone dinosaurs? In theory? Yes. What would you need to do this? A wellpreserved source of DNA from the extinct dinosaur, and a closely relate

5、d species, currently living, that could serve as a surrogate (代用的) mother. In reality? Probably not. Its not likely that dinosaur DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. However, scientists have tried to clone species that became extinct more recently, using DNA from wellpreserved tissue s

6、amples.4Cloning humans?Why would anyone want to clone humans? Some reasons are to help infertile_couples have children or to replace a deceased child. However, there are the risks involved. For example, how sure can we be that a cloned baby will be healthy or what might go wrong?语篇解读：人们认为通过克隆可以复制一切生

7、物，并提出了几个理由来支持克隆，如出于医疗目的的克隆、克隆干细胞进行研究、拯救濒危的或灭绝的物种。有人甚至希望通过克隆来使不能生育的夫妇实现拥有自己孩子的梦想。1Whats the main idea of the whole passage?AWhy people want to use cloning.BHow to clone animals.CCloning is of great use for people and animals.DThe development of cloning.解析：选 A 主旨大意题。从第一段最后提出的问题及四个副标题可以看出，本文讲述的是人类想要使用克

8、隆技术的原因，故选 A 项。2Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ACloning is mainly used for cloning human beings.BIn the far future, we will have the live dinosaurs on earth.CCloning human beings may cause a lot of trouble.DGenetically human stem cells are used for cloning human beings.解析：选 C

9、 细节理解题。A 项中 mainly 的表述不准确，克隆技术也同样应用于植物和其他动物；B 项信息与事实不符，根据第四段可知，恐龙将来很可能不会生活在地球上；根据第三段可知，D 项表述错误。故选 C。3The underlined phrase “infertile couples” in the last paragraph probably means _.Acouples who just marriedBcouples who are unable to bear childrenCcouples who dont like bearing childrenDcouples who w

10、ant to bear more children解析：选 B 词义猜测题。通读画线短语所在的句子可以推断出 infertile couples 的意思是“不能生育的夫妇” 。BDo you have lunch at school? Do you like having lunch at school? School dinners (that means“lunch”) are a hot topic in the UK these days and there are lots of different opinions about what young people eat at lu

11、nchtime. Some people think that school meals are unhealthy; some people say that they are much better than in the past and others say that midday meals should be free for all school children.A typical school dinner costs about 2 pounds a day for a secondary pupil in the UK. There is usually a main c

12、ourse, a dessert and a drink. Parents often pay in advance online. School dinners must include food groups such as fruit and vegetables, protein (for example meat, fish or cheese) and carbohydrate (for example rice or pasta). There are rules about how the food is prepared, for example there are limi

13、ts on the quantity of fried food.Martha Payne, from Scotland, started a blog called Neverseconds about her school dinners when she was just nine years old. She posts photographs of her lunch every day and gives the food a grade out of ten. The grade depends on the quality and quantity of the food an

14、d how healthy it is. She doesnt always give good grades. Her complaints include too much fried food, small quantities and hair in the food. Many people read her blog and young people from all over the world post pictures of their school meals on Neverseconds.Jamie Oliver, the celebrity British chef,

15、 is concerned about school dinners. He thinks that they need to be healthier and tastier. Jamie helped to promote Marthas blog by tweeting (在推特上留言) about it and Neverseconds became very popular, very quickly on social media websites. On the blog, Martha also collects money for charity. The money is

16、used to provide food for more than 600,000 poor children around the world.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了学校午餐成为热门话题以及人们对此所持的观点。4School dinners can be a hot topic in the UK these days because _.Aparents cannot afford to pay for themBthey have led to many healthy problemsCpeople have different opinions about them

17、Dthere are no rules about how the food is prepared解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的 “there are lots of different opinions about what young people eat at lunchtime”可知，因为人们对学校午餐有不同的意见，所以这成了热门话题。故答案选 C。5What do you know about the typical school dinner?AIts free for all school children.BIt costs about 2 pounds a

18、day.CIts low in protein and carbohydrate.DIt has no fruit and vegetables.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “A typical school dinner costs about 2 pounds a day for a secondary pupil in the UK.”可知，对于一个英国中学生而言，标准的学校午餐每天要花费大约 2 英镑。其他三个选项都有悖于文章内容。故答案选 B。6Which of the following is the example of the underlined word “

19、complaints”？AHe has never phoned me since we parted.BShe posts photographs every day in her blog.CThey are always doing their work pretty well.DToday we had pizza, salad, then an apple for dessert.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “She doesnt always give good grades . too much fried food, small quantities and ha

20、ir in the food.”可知，她也会抱怨食物不好。故画线词意为“抱怨” 。A 项意为“自从我们分开以来他从未给我打过电话”属于抱怨的例子。故答案选 A。7How did Martha Paynes blog become popular?AJamie Oliver helped to promote it.BMany people collected money for it.CPoor children could get free food from it.DMartha Payne spent most of her time on it.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第

21、三句 “Jamie helped to promote Marthas blog . very popular, very quickly on social media websites.”可知，Jamie 通过推特宣传 Martha 的博客 Neverseconds，使之广受欢迎。故答案选 A。CMusic is magic! Music speaks louder than words and it is a “language” that the whole world can understand. A piece of music can produce a response in

22、 the heart and mind. Like feeling an electrical current or receiving a personal radio signal, music has a spiritual effect on a person. Different kinds of music influence people in different ways.I have listened to music all my life. When I was 12 years old, the Beatles came to America and my whole

23、world opened up. Maybe young people today cannot understand the influence of the Beatles when they exploded across America. Their influence changed the way we dressed, looked, acted and spoke, and even our culture. The Beatles arrived in America from the UK just under three months after the assassin

24、ation (暗杀) of President John Kennedy, which had put America into a great depression. And the freshness and lively spirit of the Beatles was exactly what the country needed to refresh itself.Music links the heart of the hearer with that of the composer. This means that it mixes the spirit of the comp

25、oser with your spirit when you listen to it. And the music can take your spirit out of your body and transport you into another world. Music has a great way of touching people. Music can make you laugh, cry or shout. Its also a great source of inspiration.Try this one day and notice what happens: Ma

26、ke yourself a cup of tea, sit on your sofa and play one of your favourite songs. Close your eyes, and soon youll find yourself creating vivid mental images matching the music that you are listening to.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。音乐充满魔力，音乐对人们有着精神上的影响，不同的音乐以不同的方式影响着人们。8Music has magical power because _.Ait is a

27、 kind of languageBit can be played much louder than wordsCit receives a personal radio signalDit can influence a persons spirit解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，音乐具有魔力，音乐胜过任何文字，音乐使人的心灵和大脑产生回应，对一个人产生精神上的影响。故 D 项正确。9One can learn from the second paragraph that the Beatles _.Awere the biggest band in American his

28、toryBare not accepted by modern American peopleCappeared at a special time in American politicsDrepresented the roots of American culture解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句 “The Beatles arrived in America from the UK just under three months after the assassination of President John Kennedy, which had put Americ

29、a into a great depression.”可知，披头士乐队在肯尼迪总统被暗杀后不到三个月的时候从英国来到美国。由此可推断，披头士乐队是在美国一个特殊的政治时期出现的。故 C 项正确。10One will do all of the following while listening to music EXCEPT _.Afeeling very refreshedBhaving emotional changesCpainting some vivid picturesDfeeling inspired by the composer解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，只

30、有 C 项不是音乐所能够带来的影响。故选 C 项。11It can be inferred from the passage that the author _.Ahas been influenced by the BeatlesBenjoys drinking tea in his spare timeCadmires President John Kennedy very muchDlikes to match his own feeling with that of the composer解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第二段第四句 “Their influence changed t

31、he way we dressed, looked, acted and spoke, and even our culture.”可知，披头士乐队的影响改变了我们的穿着、外表、举止和说话方式，甚至文化。故 A 项正确。DAfter a couple has had their first child, to their disappointment they become infertile (不生育的) and cannot have more children.Many couples have difficulty in having children, and sometimes i

32、t is impossible for couples to have children because they are infertile.Fortunately, cloning would allow these couples to have children.This is one reason why it is difficult to decide if cloning is ethical (伦理的) or not.The following are some of the reasons why cloning should be allowed.As just disc

33、ussed, cloning can be used to help benefit those that cannot have children through the normal, natural way.It is the desire of most couples to have children and when it is impossible to bear children of their own, some are willing to do anything to have a child.Cloning will allow them to have a chil

34、d or many children that have the genetic (基因的 ) pattern of one of the parents.Through cloning, research can progress.We can learn enough to produce human organs without having to produce human beings.We may develop technology to allow easier genetic testing and fixing problems such as spinal cord in

35、juries, cancer, and many more.Cloning organs for organ transplants (移植) is one of the major practical reasons that cloning should be allowed.There is always a high demand for organs.Some argue for the cloning of humans to create spare body parts.Others talk of just wanting to clone an organ to repla

36、ce an imperfect organ.Rejuvenation (返老还童) is also a key argument for advocates of cloning.Human cloning may one day cure heart attacks.Some scientists believe that by injecting cloned healthy heart cells into damaged heart tissue will lead to healing of the heart.语篇解读：本文为议论文，题材为科普类文章。文章介绍了克隆对人类的好处。1

37、2The topic of the text is introduced by _.Agiving an exampleBmaking comparisonsCsetting down general rulesDpresenting research findings解析：选 A 推理判断题。第一段以不能生育的夫妇为例，提出克隆对人类是有好处的。下文展开讲述人类应该克隆的原因。13The third paragraph is written mainly to tell us _.Acloning can benefit researchBscientific research is pro

38、gressingChuman organs are in great demandDcloning makes genetic testing easier解析：选 A 段落大意题。综合第三段，本段主要说明克隆可以推动科研发展，即对科研的好处。14Why do some people argue for the cloning of humans?ATo cure some serious diseases.BTo help the couples who are infertile.CTo produce organs for organ transplants.DTo help peopl

39、e realize the dream of rejuvenation.解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第四段 “Some argue for the cloning of humans to create spare body parts”可知，一些人支持克隆人类是为了器官移植。15Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?解析：选 D 篇章结构题。综合全文，本文第一段提出文章的话题，第二段至第五段分别介绍克隆的好处，采取的是总分结构。.阅读七选五(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的

40、选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Holiday gift buying can feel a little empty, when all of those endless lists, long lines at the shopping center and dollars spent lead to a 5minute excitement of flying wrapping paper. _16_ The following tips can help make gift giving more meaningful for both the giver a

41、nd the receiver.Know the personThe most important thing in the exchanging of gifts is that it shows you really know the person well, and you really care about him. _17_Donate in their name_18_ Research suggests that happier people give more to others, and that giving more makes people happier. Moreo

42、ver, charityrelated happiness is highest when people give in a way that promotes social connection. So, try giving to the less fortunate in someones name this holiday season.Give handmade goods or handmedowns_19_ A study suggests that people feel that homemade items show more love, and love is what

43、they want to express to the gift receiver.Family heirlooms (传家宝) may be another good gift option. A 2009 study found that when families hand down even a very depersonalized thing money to the generations, the symbolic value of the cash is greater than the numerical value alone.Provide chances for pa

44、rticipationIf theres a golden rule of gifts, though, its this：_20_ People who receive experiential gifts, such as concert tickets or a zoo membership, feel more connected to the gift giver than people who received material gifts.ABut it doesnt have to be that way.BGive experiences rather than object

45、s.CThe new and storebought is not always best.DThat is always beyond their expectation.EThat means catering to anothers pleasure.FGiving gifts to friends or to charity is linked to happiness.GStart listing every person you plan to give a holiday gift to.答案：1620 AEFCB.完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅

46、读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A Leap (跳跃) to HonorLeaping on a narrow balance beam (平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13yearold gymnast, is an expert at it.To perfect her skills, Lola _21_ for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished s

47、eventh out of 16 girls.Thats especially impressive, _22_ she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift (移动) constantly. She often sees double and cant _23_ how far away things are.When she was little, her mom _24_ that even though she couldnt see _25_， she was fearle

48、ss. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the _26_ right away and gymnastics became her favorite.Though learning gymnastics has been more _27_ for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesnt let her _28_ stop her from doing anything that she wan

49、ts to.She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest _29_ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to _30_ your mind; itll take you where you want to go，