2019-2020学年人教版英语选修六讲义含解析：Unit 3 Period Three

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1、Period Three Learning about Language & Using Language.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共 10 小题；每题 2 分，满分 20 分)1appendix n附录；附件2slippery adj .滑的3immune adj .有免疫力的4sex n性；性别5fluid n流体；液体6inject vt.注射7spill vi.溢出；洒落 ；vt.使溢出；使洒落8homosexual n同性恋；adj .同性恋的9abortion n流产；中途失败10cigar n雪茄烟.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共 10 小题；每题 3 分，满分 30 分)11i

2、llegal adj.不合法的；违法的12pill n药丸；药片13robbery n抢劫；盗窃14survival n幸存survive vi .幸存；活下来survivor n幸存者；生还者15needle n针； (注射器的 )针头16male adj.男性的；雄性的；n.男人；雄性动(植) 物female( 反义) adj.女性的；雌性的；n.女人；雌性的动(植)物17prejudice n偏见；成见18judgement n看法；判决；判断judge v判决19embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的 embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的embarrass v.使尴

3、尬20awkward adj.局促不安的；笨拙的.写出下列短语(共 10 小题；每题 2 分，满分 20 分)21上气不接下气 out of breath22不顾；不管；尽管 in spite of23下定决心 make up ones mind24冒险 take risks/a risk 25陷入；染上(坏习惯)get into26处境危险；遭受危险 at risk27免疫系统 immune system28抵抗疾病 fight disease29生存几率 chances of survival30受感染 become infected.完成句子(共 5 小题；每题 6 分，满分 30 分)

4、31You can have HIV in your blood for a long time，but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much that your body can no longer fight disease.在你的血液中，HIV 病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。32Do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs.在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。3

5、3This will prevent sexual fluid passing from one person to another.这样就会阻止体液从一个人传到另一个人身上。34It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时，一个人才会开始显出病态。35Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。.True( T) or False

6、(F)1It is dangerous to get close to a person with AIDS.(F)2It is very likely that you will die if you become infected with HIV.(T)3You can only get HIV from injecting drugs.(F)4Evidence shows that men get AIDS more easily than women.(F)5It could be dangerous to have sex without using a condom.(T)6If

7、 blood or sexual fluid infected with HIV gets into someones body，that person could become infected.(T)7You shouldnt hug a person with HIV/AIDS.(F)8It is easy to tell whether a person has HIV/AIDS.(F).Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.1The word “homosexuals” means “ ”Apeople only

8、attracted by the same sexBpeople who dont care about themselvesCpeople who are very sexyDpeople who often have sex答案 A2We can infer from the passage that .AHIV is equal to AIDSBHIV is different from AIDSCHIV weakens a persons immune systemDpeople can have HIV in their blood for quite a long time答案 B

9、3In order to stay safe，you .Ashould not share needles with someone elseBhave to avoid using anything else that the person has used while injecting drugsCshould use a condom if you have sex with another oneDall of the above答案 D重点词汇He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking ris

10、ks.他觉得他不得不每一步都要下定决心，而不能冒险。?take risks/a risk 冒险at the risk of doing.冒着的风险at risk 处境危险；遭受危险risk (doing) sth.冒险(做) ；冒着的风险(1)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.(2018北京)一位救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。(2)Your health might be at risk due to m

11、uch smoking.由于吸烟过多，你的健康可能受到威胁。(3)He jumped into the river at the risk of losing his life.他冒着生命危险跳进了河里。(4)We dont want to risk being caught(catch) in the traffic jam.我们不想冒堵车的风险。Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place！当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先别养成?吸毒的?习惯！?

12、get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)get away with 逃脱惩罚get along with 进展；相处get down to 开始认真做get through 通过；完成 get over 克服(1)When he got into trouble，his best friend helped him out.当他陷入麻烦时，他最好的朋友帮他走出了困境。(2)Dont be tempted to cheatyoull never get away with it.别想着作弊对作弊者会严惩不贷。(3)How are you getting along with your new cl

13、assmates？你和你的新同学相处得怎么样？(4)The man is looking for a way to get over the difficulty.这个人正在想办法克服困难。If you develop AIDS，your chances of survival are very small.如果你得了艾滋病，生存的几率很小。?survival n U幸存；C 残存物survive vt.& vi.生还；残存；比 活得长survive on.仅靠维持生计survive sb.by.比某人多活 survivor n生存者；残存者；幸存者(1)For a sudden heart

14、failure，the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.(2017北京 )对于突发性心力衰竭，存活的最好的机会是有人在附近迅速地做 CPR。(2)She is the only survivor in the accident.她是这起事故中的唯一幸存者。(3)Millions of people survive on a very limited diet.数百万人依靠非常有限的食物生存。(4)She survived her husband by twen

15、ty years.她比她的丈夫多活了二十年。 单句改错 (5)Luckily，most of the passengers survived from the terrible accident.Before you read this text，what judgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS？在读这篇文章之前，你对 HIV 病毒携带者或者艾滋病患者作什么样的评价？?judgement n 看法；评价；判断；判决in ones judgement 在某人看来make a judgement 作出判断judge v判定；判断；审判；

16、n.法官；裁判judging from/by.根据判断(1)The company was fined 4 million，following a recent court judgement.根据最近的法庭判决，这家公司被罚款 400 万美元。(2)In my judgement，this new policy is very practical.在我看来，这个新政策是非常实际的。(3)The expert refused to make a judgement about the situation.这位专家拒绝对形势作出判断。(4)Judging from/by his words，I

17、could tell that he was honest.根据他的话判断，我知道他是诚实的。Then she offered me a cigarette and I felt so embarrassed and awkward.然后她递给我一支烟，我感到很尴尬且局促不安。?embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的be/feel embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬be/feel embarrassed about/at.对 感到难为情/不知所措embarrass vt.使难堪，使尴尬embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的embarrassment

18、n窘迫；尴尬(1)My face turned red with embarrassment.我因为尴尬脸红了。(2)The young man was embarrassed to admit(admit)cheating in the test.这个年轻人尴尬地承认在测试中作弊了。(3)His speech was followed by an embarrassing(embarrass) silence.他的讲话过后是一阵令人尴尬的沉默。高级表达(4)It embarrassed her that she fell down in the presence of the guests.

19、What embarrassed her was that she fell down in the presence of the guests.(主语从句；embarrass)She fell down in the presence of the guests，which made her embarrassed.(定语从句；embarrassed)经典句式It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时，一个人才会开始显出病态。本句为强调

20、句型，对 when 引导的时间状语从句进行强调。强调句型的一般式结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他。强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is /Was it被强调部分who/that其他？强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is/was it that其他？(强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词。)判断强调句型的方法：将强调结构去掉，如果句子仍然正确，则是强调句型，否则就不是。(1)It was the man that/who helped me out when I was in trouble.我处于困境时，是这个人帮助了我。(2)Was it during the S

21、econd World War that he died?他是在第二次世界大战期间去世的吗？(3)Where was it that you found your lost pen?你是在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的？单句改错(4)It was in France I picked up some French.wherethat(5)It the twins that helped me with English.werewas.单句语法填空1Due to the war between the two countries，life has become a struggle for surviv

22、al(survive)2Once you get into the habit of smoking，you will find it hard to get rid of it.3Some women are too embarrassed(embarrass) to consult their doctor about the problem.4The young man risked being knocked(knock) down to take the child on the busy road to safety.5Scientific research shows that

23、women tend to survive their husbands by 510 years.6Who is making such a noise?It must be the children.完成句子7You cant achieve your dream easily without taking risks/a risk.不冒险你不可能轻易实现你的梦想。8Once she has made up her mind，nothing will change it.一旦她下定决心，什么也改变不了。9It was not until he got home that he knew w

24、hat had happened.直到他到家以后，他才知道所发生的事。10Judging from/by the expression on her face，she must have news of great excitement to tell us.从她脸上的表情来判断，她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。.课文短文改错HIV is a virus that weaken a persons immune system.You can have an HIV in your blood for a long time.However，eventual it will damage

25、your immune system so much as your body can no longer fight disease.This stage of the illness was called AIDS.So far，almost everyone who has developed AIDS died.HIV is spread through blood or the fluid where carries the virus.The virus gets inside the body through breaking skin，or by injection.Certa

26、inly，scientists will find a cure to HIV/AIDS one day.But before that happens，you need to protect myself.答案HIV is a virus that a persons immune system.You can have an HIV in your blood weakenweakensfor a long time.However， it will damage your immune system so much your body eventualeventually asthatc

27、an no longer fight disease.This stage of the illness called AIDS.So far，almost everyone wasiswho has developed AIDS died.HIV is spread through blood or the fluid carries has wherethat/whichthe virus.The virus gets inside the body through skin，or by breakingbrokeninjection.Certainly，scientists will f

28、ind a cure HIV/AIDS one day.But before that toforhappens，you need to protect .myselfyourself基础巩固.单词拼写1The most awkward(难堪的) email mistake is usually committed in anger.(2017天津)2A judge must be free from prejudice(偏见)，so he can make a judgement about a case correctly.3What do you think makes his plan

29、 abortion(中途失败)?4The male(男性) is usually physically stronger than the female(女性) 5The needle(针) pierced(刺破) her finger while she was doing some sewing.6I lit a cigar(雪茄烟) to calm my nerves.7He felt embarrassed(尴尬的) because he made a mistake.8A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival(

30、生存).单句语法填空9In spite of the tight schedule of study，the activities for students to achieve their potential have never been called off.10Ive got into the habit of reading English aloud in the morning.11Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached in the box，or youll be at risk.

31、12In her judgement ，he was not very good at his job.13While listening(listen)，the secretary set down a series of what the manager said.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )14Despite of her good salary，she measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.15Dont take it for granted，and even an experienced climber

32、 can get into the trouble.16It is typical of him to take 或 in the experiment. a riskrisks17. from his appearance，he seems to be a strong man.JudgedJudging18How does the woman feel when about the price of her flat?askingasked.完成句子19He is so tired that he feels as if he could sleep the clock around.他疲

33、惫至极以至于他觉得好像能睡 24 小时。20It is illegal to sell alcohol to children.卖酒给儿童是违法的。21Much to her embarrassment，she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌，感到很不好意思。22He signed his name on that paper at the risk of getting dismissed.他冒着被解雇的风险在那份文件上签了名。23Children who live in the

34、countrys rural areas are very likely to be poor.住在该国乡村地区的孩子很有可能很贫穷。能力提升.阅读理解AThe health benefits of sleep are both varied and well known.We all need to have enough sleep so as to be able to function well on both mental and physical tasks.Sleep is probably the best beauty treatment available to a per

35、son，allowing you to look younger overnight.This is probably the most superficial(表面的) benefit of sleep.The other benefits are incredibly important.The amount of sleep that is required varies from one person to another and in many cases one person is at risk of not getting enough sleep.It is all too

36、easy to settle into a habit that doesnt really suit you when your family requires less sleep than you.They may well try to get up quietly and leave you resting a little longer.If they are successful in slipping(溜) out of the room and you remain in the same state of sleep then you are very lucky.Many

37、 people find themselves being disturbed by either sound or movement and then it can be difficult to return to sleep.The fact is that whatever your reasons are for settling for less sleep than what is ideal for you，it is important to deal with your situation.Sleep is very important.Failing to get eno

38、ugh sleep is very costly to your health.Many people have trouble getting to sleep.Their minds run on overtime or they become overtired.Perhaps you have simply gotten out of the habit of sleeping well.If this is the case then meditation(冥想) or hypnosis(催眠状态) can be very helpful.Hypnosis is a natural

39、state of relaxation and is in fact the state between being awake and asleep.When learning to use hypnosis you can also teach yourself how to relax，let go of bad thoughts and prepare yourself naturally for sleep.It is natural and easy.Simply by listening to hypnotic songs you can train your mind to e

40、xpect to sleep and return to your natural sleep patterns.语篇解读 睡觉其实就是一种简单的养生，睡眠质量的好坏直接影响着一个人的健康，因此每天拥有高质量的睡眠显得尤为重要。24What will happen if you have enough high quality sleep?AYou can never fail to perform your tasks.BYou can become more beautiful than others.CYou can be joyful and full of energy.DYou c

41、an deal with others in an easy way.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“function well on both mental and physical tasks”可知，充足的睡眠在精神和体力任务上都能发挥很好的作用，因此选项 C 正确。25What does the second paragraph imply?AYoud better not live with your family.BA poor sleeping habit forms easily.CYou should get used to various noises.DIt wi

42、ll make you annoyed when your sleep gets disturbed.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，当你的家人需要的睡眠比你少时，你很容易养成并不适合你的睡眠习惯。故选 B。26Why do some people have difficulty falling asleep?AThey are exhausted.BThey know nothing about hypnosis.CThey don t intend to sleep well.DThey tend to work hard at night.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第

43、四段第二句“Their minds run on overtime or they become overtired.”可知，很多人不能入睡是因为他们非常疲惫。故选 A 项。27In which column of a newspaper can you read the text?AFinance. BSociety.CHealth. DPolitics.答案 C解析 文章出处题。作者讲述了睡眠与人的健康之间的关系、睡眠方面可能遇到的问题及解决方法，因此该文章应该出自报纸的健康版面。故选 C 项。B(2017山西晋中高二质检)Popular culture often shows alcoh

44、ol as a big part of the college experience in the United States.Television programs and movies about American college life have images of wild parties with young people either drinking alcohol or holding a drink.Now，a new study of alcohol use suggests that some college students may be missing meals

45、so they can have more drinks or get drunk faster.Researchers are calling this kind of behavior “drunkorexia”The study involved 1,184 college students between the ages of 18 and 26.Researchers found that 80 percent of those studied had demonstrated some kind of drunkorexia in the past three months.Th

46、ey had performed heavy physical exercise，eaten low calorie meals or even missed meals for up to a full day before drinking alcohol.Dipali Rinker organized the study and presented its findings to the Research Society on Alcoholism in June.She says students see drunkorexia as a way to keep their body

47、weight down while drinking alcohol.And it causes them to feel the effects of alcohol quickly and with more intensity(强度) Rinker says unhealthy eating habits are only one of the reasons why this type of behavior is dangerous.Heavy drinking is linked to drunk driving，unprotected sex，and alcohol poison

48、ing.George Koob，who directs a US.governmental agency that studies alcohol related problems，says that the percent of students using alcohol has not increased in recent years.But what worries him is that the number of students drinking to the point of “blacking out” has increased.Blacking out is when a person drinks so much alcohol they have no memory of their actions while drunk.Koob notes that college students in Canada and Europe also face issues with alcohol.But he feels a big part of the problem is that Americans do not fu