2019-2020学年人教版英语选修六讲义含解析：Unit 4 Period Three

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1、Period Three Learning about Language & Using Language.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共 10 小题；每题 2 分，满分 20 分)1widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的2economical adj.经济的；节约的3outer adj.外部的；外面的4commitment n承诺；交托；信奉5electrical adj .电的；与电有关的6appliance n用具；工具；器具7motor n发动机8circumstance n环境；情况9presentation n显示；演出10disagreement n分歧；不一致.写出下列汉语

2、对应的英语单词(共 10 小题；每题 3 分，满分 30 分)11tendency n 倾向；趋势12average adj.平均的13existence n生存；存在exist v存在14advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张15pollution n污染；弄脏pollute vt.污染16growth n增长；生长 grow vi.生长；增长17casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的 casually adv.随便地；偶然地18refresh vt.使恢复；使振作19educator n 教育工作者；教育家 educate v教育 education n教育20contribu

3、tion n贡献contribute v贡献.写出下列短语(共 10 小题；每题 2 分，满分 20 分)21大体上；基本上 on the whole22代表一方；作为的代言人 on behalf of23承担义务 have a commitment24改善环境 improve the environment25有影响 make a difference26忍受；容忍 put up with27只要 as/so long as28等等 and so on29可回收材料 recycled materials30节约能源 be economical with energy.完成句子(共 5 小题；

4、每题 6 分，满分 30 分)31However，I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.然而我仍认为人们应该支持改善当今能源消耗的方式。32As Im not sure where to start with my project，I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.由于我不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，如能得到你们的建议我将十分感激。33The growth of the greenhouse gas，car

5、bon dioxide in the air actually comes as a result of many things we do every day.空气中的温室气体二氧化碳的增长的确是来自我们许多的日常活动。34It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not，turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着如果不用，就把它关掉！35It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials，so ，i

6、f you can，buy things made from recycled materials.用新材料来做这些东西要花费大量的能源，因此，如有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。.True( T) or False(F)1The author(Ouyang Guang) thinks that individuals have little effect on environmental problems.(F)2In fact，everyones contribution makes a difference in protecting our earth.(T)3It is OK

7、to leave an electrical appliance on if you arent using it.(F).Read the letters carefully and choose the best answer.1Which is NOT the reason why Ouyang Guang writes the letter?AHe is doing a project on global warming.BHe feels individuals can affect huge environmental problems.CHe isnt sure where to

8、 start with his project.DHe wants to get some suggestions from Earth Care.答案 B2Which is NOT true according to the second letter?ATogether，individuals can make a difference to environmental problems.BIndividuals must put up with pollution.CMany activities individuals do can produce carbon dioxide.DIn

9、dividuals can save energy to slow down global warming.答案 B3Which is NOT Earth Cares suggestion?ATurn electrical appliances off if you are not using them.BPut on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.CBuy things made of raw materials.DWalk or ride a bike if you can.答案 C4Who is the writer of the

10、 first letter?AAn editor. BOuyang Guang.CEarth Care. DB and C.答案 B5Whats the main idea of the two letters?ASome organizations should do something about global warming.BSuggestions on what to do about global warming.CIndividuals neednt do anything about global warming.DGovernments should take measure

11、s about global warming.答案 B重点词汇The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15.温室效应使地球表面的平均温度保持在 15。?average adj.平均的；n .平均，平均数；平均水平above/below (the) average 高/低于平均水平on (the/an) average 平均；一般地(1)The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992

12、 to 13 in 2007.(2018全国)家用电器的平均持有量从 1992 年的每户 4 件上升到 2007 年的每户 13 件。(2)Freddy was an average student，but not an average person.(2017全国) 弗雷德是一个普通的学生，但不是个普通人。(3)He is working hard and his grade is above (the) average in his class.他学习刻苦，成绩在班里高于平均水平。(4)On (the/an) average，men smoke more cigarettes than w

13、omen.一般来说，男士比女士吸烟多。I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.我正代表我的学校做一项关于全球变暖的课题研究。?on behalf of sb.on sb.s behalf 代表或代替某人；为了某人的利益易混辨析 on behalf of，represent，stand foron behalf of 是介词短语。represent v用来表示“代表某人/ 某个团体(政府等) ”“某种标志代表什么” “某物表现的是什么”和“把某人(物)描绘成什么” 。stand for 动词短语，往往用来表

14、示“( 字母、数字、符号等)代表什么” 。(1)I will take part in the sports meeting on behalf of our school.I will represent our school to take part in the sports meeting.我将代表我们学校参加运动会。(2)What do the letters on the flag stand for?这面旗上的字母代表什么？Together，individuals can make a difference.众人拾柴火焰高。?make a difference 有影响；起 (重要

15、)作用make some/no difference to 对有一些/ 没有影响(1)Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference in the world.(2017北京 )汉娜是很多对世界有影响的年轻人榜样中的一个例子。(2)Age makes no difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。We do not have to put up with pollution.我们不必去忍受污染。?put up wi

16、th 容忍，忍受put on 上映，上演；播放；穿上put aside 节省；储蓄put away 收起来put down 记下；镇压put forward 提出；把拨快put out 扑灭(1)One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round：put on some Mozart.(2018江苏 )吸引顾客留下额外点餐的一种方法就是播放莫扎特的曲子。(2)The woman is trying to put aside some money for her sons education every month.

17、这个女人每月尽量为儿子的教育攒些钱。(3)Youd better ask your children to put away all the toys.你最好让你的孩子们把玩具全部收起来放好。(4)He spoke so fast that I couldnt put down what he said.他说得那么快，我根本记不下来他说的话。Recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.如果情况允许的话，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。?circumstance n环境；情

18、况；境况( 常用复数)under/in no circumstances 无论如何都不，决不 (放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装)under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此(1)Under the circumstances she could do nothing but wait.在这种情况下，她除了等待别无选择。(2)Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。Rememberyour contribution counts！记住：你的贡献是很有价值的！?contrib

19、ution n贡献；捐款；稿件make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth. 为( 做)某事作出贡献contribute v贡献；捐献，捐助；投稿contribute to 为作贡献；有助于；促成contribute.to.为捐款；向投稿(1)Everyone should make a contribution/contributions to protecting the environment.每个人都应为保护环境作出贡献。(2)Regular exercise will contribute to your health.有规律的锻炼

20、会有助于你的健康。(3)He has contributed a number of articles to the magazine.他给这家杂志社撰写了许多文章。单句改错(4)Reading English every morning will contribute to your oral English.improveimproving经典句式It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！if

21、 not 如果不是这样，是 if 引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示否定意义；如果表示肯定意义，则用 if so，意为“如果是这样” 。if ever 如果有过/发生过的话if any 如果有的话；如果可能的话if possible 如果有可能(1)Are you ready？If so，let s set off at once.你准备好了吗？如果准备好了，我们立刻出发。(2)The girl seldom，if ever，turned to her brother for protection.这个女孩，如果有过，也不经常向她哥哥寻求保护。(3)Wash it in water，pick

22、out the small particles，if any.用清水冲洗它，如果有的话，把小颗粒拣出来。(4)She wants to go with us，if possible.可能的话，她想跟我们一起去。.单句语法填空1I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if it is not clean.2He is ill ，so I will attend the ceremony on behalf of him.3Young people have made a great contribution(contribut

23、e) to China s economic development.4Whether he is here or not will make no difference(differ) to our work.5There exists(exist) a generation gap between the young and the old.完成句子6Is that a size 6 hat？If so，it will do me.那帽子是六号的吗？如果是，对我来说正合适。7Education can make a big difference to the quality of a pe

24、rsons life.教育对一个人的生活品质有很大影响。8Under/In no circumstances will we be the first to use nuclear weapons.我们在任何情况下绝不首先使用核武器。9Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.食用含太多脂肪的食物会引起心脏病，导致高血压。10On average，American firms remain the most productive in the world.平均起来，美国公司

25、在全球范围内还是产值最高。 .课文短文改错I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.Sometimes I felt that individuals can not have any effect at such huge environmental problems.Anyway，Im not sure where to start it with my project.So I would love to get any suggestion.It is suggested that we took

26、many measures.For example， we can buy things making from recycled materials.Planting trees is also good way.Important，we can ask your family and friends to work together with us.We can get our parents to buy products that are made to save energy.Rememberingour contribution counts.答案I am doing a proj

27、ect on behalf of my school about global warming.Sometimes I that feltfeelindividuals can not have any effect such huge environmental problems.Anyway，I m not atonsure where to start it with my project.So I would love to get any .It is suggested that suggestionsuggestionswe many measures.For example，w

28、e can buy things from recycled tooktake makingmadematerials.Planting trees is also good way. ，we can ask family and friends a ImportantImportantly yourourto work together with us.We can get our parents to buy products that are made to save energy.our contribution counts.RememberingRemember基础巩固.单词拼写1

29、Wherever you go，you can find this kind of widespread(分布广的) plant.2Barbara is in her late forties and has a tendency(倾向) to complain about what she doesnt feel content with.3If you are serious about our relationship，you should make a commitment(承诺)4He is the only person who advocates(主张) building a d

30、am between the two rivers.5There has been a growth(增长) in the number of college students.6A cool drink refreshed (使恢复) me after my long walk.7Roberts contributions(贡献) to the company should also be remembered.8As the average(平均的) age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to

31、care for.9There was apparent disagreement(不一致) between their stories.10They are thinking of ways to deal with air pollution(污染).单句语法填空11Under these circumstances(circumstance)，you might agree with us that it is rather difficult for your products to set foot in this market.12Tom is a top student，and

32、he is above the average in his reading ability.13Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget it.14We havent decided whether to go(go) camping next week.15My deskmate is good，kind，hardworking and intelligent.On the whole，I cant speak too highly of him.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )16No one knows when

33、such a custom came into .existencesexistence17Our students should study hard and make 或 to our society. a contributioncontributions18She was dressed in jeans and a sweatshirt.casualcasually19Though he works hard，his marks are still average.overbelow20I advocate trucks in the city centre because it w

34、ill reduce air pollution and noise.banbanning.完成句子21As is shown in the picture above，under no circumstances should you lose faith.正如上面图画所显示的那样，你在任何情况下都不要失去信心。22In that case，we will have to learn to put up with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.那样，我们将不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并设法发现他的优点。2

35、3In our life we may meet many failures，but so/as long as we try our best，there is no need to regret these failures.生活中我们可能遇到许多的失败，但只要我们尽了力，就没有必要为失败而后悔。24Im greatly honored to put on performances here on behalf of my school.很荣幸在这儿代表我的学校演出。25If possible，try to go to bed and wake up at the same time ev

36、ery day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。能力提升.阅读理解AAll around the world，shoppers flock to Walmart to buy everything.In Texas，they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine(涡轮机)，which supplies 5% of the stores electricity.It along with other facilities，such as exterior walls coated with heatreflective p

37、aint，makes this Walmart a green giant.The laws of economics suggest that Walmart，with 5,200 stores worldwide，influences everything including the price of all kinds of goods.It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility，and the impact could be amazing.“One little change in product packagin

38、g could save 1,500 trees， ” says Walmart CEO Lee Scott.“If everybody saves 1,500 trees，or 50 barrels of oil， at the end of the day you will make a huge difference.”Scott wants Walmart to do its part too.He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse gas emissions(排放) over the next few years and prom

39、ised to construct new stores that are more efficient.He wants Walmarts fleet(车队) of more than 7,000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2015.Factories that show Walmart theyre cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.Walmart says its working with consumer

40、 product manufacturers to reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so.Some people may doubt whether it is a bid to attract attention from Walmarts controversial labor and health insurance practices.But its not just window dressing，because Walmart sees profits in going green.Scott says，

41、 “This is a business philosophy，not a social philosophy.We dont go where we dont think theres a great interest in change.”Like Bill Gates，who started his charitable foundation，Scott happens to be promoting Walmarts image at a time when his companys reputation is declining.He acknowledges that he lau

42、nched the plan partly to shield(保护) Walmart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.“By doing what were doing today，we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything， ” he says.“At some point businesses will be held responsible for the actions they

43、 take.” Meanwhile，should Walmart succeed in shrinking its environmental footprints and lowering prices for green products，both the planet and the company would profit.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了沃尔玛采取的保护环境的措施以及采取这些措施后所带来的利益。26We can infer from the passage that .ALee Scott is Walmarts CEOBthere are 5,200 stores

44、 in the worldCWalmart has a great influence on the world marketDWalmart has more than 7,000 trucks all over the world答案 C解析 推理判断题。从第二段中的“The laws of economics suggest.influences everything including the price of all kinds of goods.”可以推断出，沃尔玛对全球市场有巨大的影响，因此 C 项正确。27What does the underlined sentence me

45、an in the fourth paragraph?AWalmart predicts huge profits in its green activity.BWalmart s green activity is just window dressing.CWalmart aims to solve its health insurance practices.DWalmart doesnt have any social responsibility at all.答案 A解析 句意理解题。从第四段，特别是画线句后面的“We dont go where we dont think the

46、res a great interest in change.”可推断出，这句话表明：沃尔玛从这些环保的活动中将获得经济利益。28What will Walmart probably do in the future?AReduce air pollution in its present stores.BGive favorable treatment to its consumers.CAsk the factories to reduce their packaging.DDemand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before.答案

47、 A解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，未来沃尔玛会关注减少空气污染的问题。29What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AProvide the background of the green plan.BStress the purpose of Walmarts green plan.CPresent the risks that Walmart is facing nowadays.DAnalyze the similarities between Bill Gates and Scott.答案 B解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段第二句“H

48、e acknowledges .global warming.”可知，这段主要分析了沃尔玛采取这些措施的目的。BDue to climate changes，Arctic ice is breaking up earlier in the spring，and its area is decreasing.This is creating problems for polar bears that make their homes off northern Alaska and in Hudson Bay.Polar bears off Alaska normally hunt and raise their young on ice sheets that float on the ocean.But as the ice has melted，the polar bears have been forced to spend more time on land.There，they have begun to frequent(常去) beaches，feed