2019-2020学年英语高中人教版必修3学案：Unit 1 Period 4语法专题课

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1、Unit 1 Festivals around the worldPeriod 4 语法专题课学习目标1.To master the usage of modal verbs,such as can,may,must,should,shall,etc.2.To learn to use modal verbs in real situations through practice.学习过程.情态动词的定义用来表示说话人的某种感情或语气,对某一动作或状态的看法、态度,即说话人认为某事“可能 ”“或许”“应该”或是“ 必须 ”等意义。.情态动词的特点(1)情态动词本身不能单独作谓语,其后加动词原形

2、。(2)情态动词没有人称和数的变化,只用在一般现在时和一般过去时中 (have to 除外), 情态动词的现在式可以表示现在和将来;过去式除了表示过去外 ,还可用于表示较为委婉的语气,例如:could,would 等。.情态动词 can/could,be able to,may/might,will/would,shall/should,must,have to 的意义和用法学习建议:根据所列例句,理解并尝试总结情态动词的基本用法。1.can 和 could (1)He can speak both English and French.他会说英语和法语。(2)Could/Can you te

3、ll me how to get to the zoo?你能告诉我怎么去动物园吗?(3)Electricity can be dangerous sometimes if used wrongly.用电错误,有时可能会很危险。(4)Where can/could they have gone?他们可能去哪儿呢?(5)How could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做这样的傻事?注意:can 与 be able to 的区别(1)No one could/was able to answer the question.没人能回答这个问题。(2)The fire s

4、pread quickly,but everyone was able to escape.火势迅速蔓延,但大家都逃了出来。can/could 所表示的各种含义(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)can 与 be able to 的区别2.may 和 might(1)May/Can/Could/Might I have a talk with you?我可以和你谈谈吗?(2)Your maths teacher may/might be in his office.你的数学老师可能在他的办公室。(3)May you succeed.祝你成功。(4)You may as well go

5、 to see the doctor.你最好去看医生。may/might 所表示的各种含义(1) (2) (3) 3.will 和 would(1)Will you share your happiness with us?你可以把你的快乐与我们共享吗?(2)If you will come to the party,well be very happy.如果你愿意来参加聚会,我们将非常高兴。(3)He would be nervous when he met strangers.遇见陌生人时,他总是很紧张。will 和 would 所表示的各种含义(1) (2) (3) 4.shall 和

6、should(1)Shall I carry it for you?我来帮你搬好吗?(2)He shall have the book when I finish reading.我看完这本书就给他看。(允诺 )(3)You shouldnt have entered the teachers office without permission.未经允许,你们不应该进教师的办公室。(4)If the car should break down on the way,you would have to walk back.万一汽车中途抛锚,你就得走回来。shall 的用法(1) (2) (3)

7、shouldnt have done(4)should 5.must 和 have to (1)He has to pass an examination before he can start work.他必须考试及格,才能开始工作。(2)Must I return the book today?我今天就要还书吗?Yes,you must.是的,你必须还。(No,you neednt/dont have to 不,你不必。)(3)The street is wet.It must have rained last night.街道是湿的,昨晚肯定下过雨。(4)The machine must

8、 break down at this busy hour.正忙的时候机器偏偏坏了。(1)由前两个例句可知,must 与 have to 的区别 (2)问句回答中注意 (3)最后两个例句中 must 表示 情态动词记忆口诀:情态动词两要点:动词原形跟后面 ,说话语气较委婉。can“能力 ”may“许可”,must“责任”或“义务 ”,否定回答 “neednt”换;should“应该” ,would“愿”,have to“被迫”表客观。课后提升挑战一 小试牛刀1. I come in and have a talk with you? 我可以进来和你谈谈吗?2. (Shall/Will)they

9、 wait outside? 让他们在外面等吗?3.The boys shouldnt be (play)football.They should be at school. 这些男孩子不应该在踢足球,他们应该在上课。4.Must I finish the task? .( 不,你没必要) 5.Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I find the money. 6.This dish is really delicious. you please say it in Chinese? Sure,we call it “d

10、oufu”.7.If you go,at least wait until the storm is over. 8.When you cross the street,you be careful with the passing cars. 9.May I take this seat?Yes,you . 挑战二 典题在线1.Liza well not want to go on the trip. She hates traveling.A.will B.canC.must D.may2.What are you doing this Saturday?Im not sure,but I

11、 go to the Rolling Stones concert. A.must B.couldC.should D.might 3.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school. A.might B.couldC.shall D.will 4. you interrupt now?Cant you see Im on the phone? Sorry Sir,but its urgent.A.Can B.ShouldC.Must D.Would 5.Can I borrow your c

12、ar,Mum?If you . A.must B.can C.will D.may6.Since nobody gave him any help,he have done the research on his own. A.can B.mustC.would D.need7.No one be more generous;he has a heart of gold. A.could B.must C.dare D.need8.It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know

13、a lot of words. A.may B.couldnt C.should D.neednt9.Whats the name?Khulaifi. I spell it for you? A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might10.I think I will give Bob a ring.You .You havent been in touch with him for ages. A.will B.mayC.can D.should 课后作业1.Master what you have learned today.2.Correct the mistaken e

14、xercises in the paper.参考答案学习过程.1.【归纳总结】(1)表示能力、功能,意为“能,会” 。(2)表示请求、允许、许可。(3)表示“有时会”。(4)表示推测。(5)表示惊异、怀疑、猜测或不相信等态度,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。(6)当叙述过去经过一番努力才能完成的事情时,只能用 be able to。2.【归纳总结】(1)表示请求、许可,常译为“可以” 。(2)表示推测,可译为“ 可能,也许” 。may 表示推测,一般不用于疑问句中。一般情况下,might 表示可能性很小。(3)有时可用于祈使句,表示祝愿( 不用 might)。3.【归纳总结】(1)will 和 wo

15、uld 可用于第二人称疑问句,表示请求和建议等。would 比will 更委婉、客气。(2)will 和 would 可表示意志、允诺、愿望和决心,用于各种人称的陈述句中。(3)will 和 would 可表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。will 表示现在的习惯性动作,would 表示过去的习惯性动作。4.【归纳总结】(1)shall 用作情态动词,用于第一、三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。(2)shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人的意愿,有允诺、警告、命令、决心、强制等意思。通常译为“必须”“ 应该”或“可以”。(3)表示对现在或以前的动作的责怪、批评( 不应该做的事却

16、做了)。(4)表示语气较强的假设(用于对将来情况的假设 ),意为“万一 ”。5.【归纳总结】(1)must 用于表示说话人的主观看法,“必须 ”或“应当” 。have to 用于表示客观情况“ 不得不” 。(2)在回答由 must 提出的问题时,肯定回答用 must,否定回答用 neednt 或 dont have to。(mustnt 表示“禁止”“不许”“不准 ”)(3)猜测时,语气强,只用于肯定句中;must 有“ 偏偏”、 “偏巧”之意。课后提升挑战一1.May/Can/Could/Might 2.Shall3.playing4.No,you neednt/dont have to5.can6.Can/Could 7.must 8.must 9.can挑战二1.D 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D