2019-2020新学练考英语必修五译林版精练：Unit 1 单元过关检测（一）含解析

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1、单元过关检测(一)(时间：100 分钟，满分：120 分)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWords pour into the English language all the time.New ones pop up continually in newspapers，television ，radio，and recently，the World Wide Web.They are added to the tens of thousands a

2、lready in existence.An educated native speaker of Englishwhether from the US.，Britain，Australia，or any country where English is the main language of communicationknows at least 30，000，which is only a part of the overall number that exist.Around 20，000 words are learnt by English native speakers by t

3、he age of 13.Ideally，students of English need this number of words in order to write or talk about the various topics they might need to discuss.But which words should people know? This changes constantly as fresh topics become newsworthy，and produce new lexical items (words，groups of words，or words

4、 with new meanings)Students of English need to learn these new additions to the language，and also get an explanation of what they mean.A good way to do this is to consult an online dictionary.But for people who do not have access to the World Wide Web，the lexicographers and publishers of the diction

5、aries have created this New Words supplement to help students with these new words.Words come into the language in three major ways.First，they may enter English as loanwords，words taken into English from another language，or sometimes from a regional dialect or another variety of English.English has

6、accepted words from many different languages.Second，new words can be created by word formation，when words are formed by taking existing words，or pieces of words，and putting them together to make new ones (for example，chat room or change management)Third，new words can come from layering(分层)，when an e

7、xisting word splits into more than one meaning.This results in polysemy1An educated Australian probably knows _words to communicate and show their opinions freely.Aat least 20，000 Bless than 20，000 Cat least 5，000 Dat least 30，000D 解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段的第四句 “An educated native speaker of Englishwhether fr

8、om the US. ，Britain，Australia ，or any country where English is the main language of communicationknows at least 30，000 ，which is only a part of the overall number that exist.”可知。2One purpose for students to consult an online dictionary is to_Achange words constantly Bproduce lexical itemsClearn the

9、new wordsDfind out how dictionaries are writtenC 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段第三、四句可知。3We can infer from Paragraph 3 that _Athe English language is rather openBwords are formed in three waysCmost English words have just one meaning Dchat room is a new word from layeringA 解析：推理判断题。第三段介绍了英语增添新词的三种方法，说明英语是开放的。4The u

10、nderlined word “polysemy” refers to _Awords that have more than one meaningBwords taken into one language from anotherCwords formed by taking in existing wordsDwords in the online dictionariesA 解析：词义猜测题。由第三段倒数第二句 “Third，new words can come from layering(分层)， when an existing word splits into more tha

11、n one meaning.”可知。BSometimes people add to what they say even when they dont talk.Gestures are the“silent language”of every culture.We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say.It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.In

12、the United States，people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.If the handshake is weak，it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.Friends may place a hand on the others arm or shoulder.Some people，usually women，greet a friend with a hug.Space is impor

13、tant to Americans.When two people talk to each other，they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle，so they are not facing each other directly.Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.If Americans touch another person by ac

14、cident，they say， “Pardon me.”or“Excuse me.”Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.If you dont do so，it means you are bored，hiding something，or are not interested.But when you stare at someone，it is not polite.For Americans，thumbs up means yes，very good，or well d

15、one.Thumbsdown means the opposite.To call a waiter，raise one hand to head level or above.To show you want the check， make a movement with your hands as if you are singing a piece of paper.It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger(食指)Americans shake their ind

16、ex finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them.Learning a cultures body language is sometimes confusing.If you dont know what to do，the safest thing to do is to smile.5From the first paragraph we can learn that_Agestures dont mean anything while talkingBges

17、tures can help us to express ourselvesCwe can learn a language well without body languageDonly American people can use gesturesB 解析：推理判断题。从第一段首句“Sometimes people add to what they say even when they dont talk.”可知， gesture language 有自身的意义 ，能帮助我们表达，只能选择B 项。6If you are introduced to a stranger from the

18、US.A.，you should_Agreet him with a hugBplace a hand on his shoulderCshake his hand firmlyDshake his hand weaklyC 解析：推理判断题。从第二段中 “people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.”可获知，初次见面的时候，应该紧紧地握手。7In the United States，people often_Ashow their friendship

19、 by touching each otherBshow their friendship by glancing at each otherCsay “Pardon me ” to each other when they are talkingDget uncomfortable when you sit close to themD 解析：细节理解题。从三、四段可知 ，A 、B、C 三个选项是错误的。8When your friend gives you the thumbsup，he，in fact，_Ashows his rudeness to youBshows his anger

20、 to youCexpresses his satisfaction to youDexpresses his worries about youC 解析：推理判断题。从第五段首句 “For Americans，thumbs up means yes，very good，or well done.”可知。CMy elder brother Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult

21、.For instance, Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior.Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, it was Steve who took the time to ask me what happened.When I explained that my baseball had soared through Mrs.Holts basement window, breaking the glass with a crash, Steve

22、 encouraged me to confess to her.After all, I should have been playing in the park down Fifth Street and not in the path between buildings.Although my knees knocked_as I explained to Mrs.Holt, I offered to pay for the window from my pocket money if she would return my ball.I also learned from Steve

23、that personal property is a sacred thing.After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifthgrade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else in spite of the fact that it had little value.He reminded me of how much Id hate to lose to someone else the small

24、 dog my father carved from a piece of cheap wood.I returned the pen to my teacher, Mrs.David, and still remembered the smell of her perfume as she patted me on the shoulder.Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind.When I was twelve, I killed an old

25、 brown sparrow in the yard with a BB gun.Excited with my accuracy, I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look.I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground.Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark？” I didnt know

26、 what to answer.He continued with his eyes firm, “The only time you should ever think of hurting a living thing is if it hurts you first.And then you think a long, long time.”I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.9What is the main s

27、ubject of the passage?AThe relationship between Mark and Steve.BThe important lesson Mark learned in school.CSteves important role in Marks growing process.DMark and Steve s respect for living things.C 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段可知作者的哥哥在父亲死了之后，在价值观的形成方面给予作者很大的影响，故哥哥在作者的成长过程中起了非常重要的作用。故选 C 项。10According to the wr

28、iter, which was the most important lesson Steve taught his young brother?ARespect for living things.BResponsibility for ones actions.CThe value of honesty.DCare for the property of others.A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句话 Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my m

29、ind.可知哥哥教给他最重要的是对生命的尊重。故选 A 项。11The underlined word “knocked” in the second paragraph means _Atapped BbeatCstruck DtrembledD 解析：词义猜测题。根据前文可知作者把 Mrs.Holt 的玻璃打碎了，他去承认错误时，自然是感到害怕的，故腿应该是颤抖的。12From the passage, we can infer the following statements EXCEPT that _AMark benefited a lot from Steve after thei

30、r father passed away.BMark was not as excellent as his elder brother Steve.CThe small wood dog carved by his father meant a lot to Mark.DMark used to be a naughty boy in his childhood.B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段可知 A 项正确；根据第三段中的 He reminded me of how much Id hate to lose to someone else the small dog my father c

31、arved from a piece of cheap wood.可知小狗对他来说意义很大；根据打碎别人的玻璃，打死小鸟等行为可推知作者小时候比较淘气，可知 C、D 两项正确。文中并没有提到作者和哥哥谁比谁更优秀。故选 B 项。DA classmate came with letters I had written to him years earlier while he was in hospital after a car accident.He didnt know what I wrote in the encouraging letters was from one of my f

32、avorite books，Alices Adventures in Wonderland.To me，Alices Adventures in Wonderland is a timeless classic，not just for children but for adults as well.One sunny afternoon，a bored young girl named Alice wakes suddenly from a nap and sees a white rabbit run by，carrying a pocket watch and worrying abou

33、t being late.Alice follows the rabbit down a rabbit hole and into a strange land where she has many adventures.For example，she shrinks(缩小) or grows large from the things that she finds and eats.To me，the story of Alice and her adventures is a true example of classic literature.Of course，what is a cl

34、assic can differ from person to person.However，a classic book is one that meets the test of time.It contains themes of love，hate and justice that hold value to society， despite cultural，generational or political differences.A classic work resonates(共鸣) emotionally with each individual，who can see in

35、 its ideas a reflection of his or her own life.Clearly，the book has met the test of time.Written by the Reverend Charles Dodgson and published under the pen name Lewis Carroll in 1865，the book has been read by adults and children for over 140 years.It has also been adapted for a film twelve times.Al

36、though written during the Victorian era，the adventures of the little girl continue to have universal appeal today.Alices Adventures in Wonderland is the story of a little girl who must face the challenges of growing up.Throughout her travels，Alice is faced with difficult situations.Like any individu

37、al on the path to maturity(成熟)，she does not always make the right choice，as when，in the white rabbits house，she eats the biscuit and grows too large to get out of it.13Whats the function of the first paragraph?ATo make readers interested and amused.BTo introduce the background.CTo ask readers questi

38、ons.DTo introduce the topic.D 解析：文章结构题。本文第一段的作用是引出话题。14According to the passage，Alices Adventures in Wonderland is a book_Abased on Lewis Carroll s childhoodBadapted for a film in 1865Cabout a girls adventuresDwritten for children onlyC 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Alice follows the rabbit down a rabbit hole an

39、d into a strange land where she has many adventures.”可知答案。15In the authors opinion，a classic should_ameet the test of timebtalk about common themes such as lovecbe adapted for a filmdmake readers see their own life through itAa；b；d B.b；c ；dCa； c D.b；dA 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知 a，b，d 正确。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分

40、 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Listening seems to appear so naturally that putting a lot of efforts into it doesnt seem necessary. 16._ Here are some practical techniques(方法) that you can use to improve your listening skills.17_ When someone is talking to you, maintain eye contact, a

41、nd show the speaker you are listening by nodding your head. Make sure your body language sends the message that you are listening. Experts agree that nonverbal messages can be three times as powerful as verbal messages.Avoid making early comments. Because a listener can listen at a faster rate than

42、most speakers talk, there is a tendency(趋势) to make comments quickly. 18._ It is especially important to avoid early comments when listening to a person with whom you disagree. When listeners begin to disagree with a senders messages, they tend to misunderstand the remaining information.Ask question

43、s. Effective listeners make certain they have correctly heard the message that is being sent. They can get additional information by asking questions. Openended( 开放式的) questions are the best. 19._ Form your questions in a way that makes it clear that you have not yet drawn any conclusions.Create a c

44、omfortable listening environment. Turn off the TV and your computer. When listening, try to provide a private and quiet setting where you sit side by side with others. 20._AConcentrate on what others are saying.BSend the nonverbal messages that you are listening.CThey can require the speaker to tell

45、 more information.DThis person shows interest in you and what youre saying.EThis tendency is perhaps the greatest barrier to effective listening.FBut hard work and effort is exactly what effective listening requires.GIf thats not allowed, suggest a later meeting in a satisfying environment.答案：1620.F

46、BECG第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Its never too late to admit that you are in the wrong.Being humans, we all need to know the art of _21_ Look back with _22_ and think how often youve judged roughly, said unkind things， and push

47、ed yourself ahead at the _23_ of a friend.Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and truly that you were _24_A bit frightening，isnt it? It is frightening because some deep wisdom_25_ us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed，some mysterious moral feeling is disturbed; and

48、 it stays out of _26_ until fault is acknowledged and _27_ expressed.I remember a doctor friend，Clarence Lieb，telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of _28_： headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble.No physical cause could be _29_Finally Dr Lieb said to the man， “_30_ you tell me whats worrying you, I cant help you.”After some _31_， the man confessed that，as executor(执行人) of his fathers will，he had been_32_ his brother，who lived abroad，of his inheritance(继承权)Then and there the _33_ old doctor made t