2019英语译林版必修5作业：unit 2 单元加餐练（一-二）含解析

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1、单元加餐练（一）完形阅读组合练.完形填空Farms are the biggest users of freshwater resources.The Food and Agriculture Organization says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies.That is the world _1_.Without the right _2_， agriculture can be a major cause of water _3_.But solutions do not have to _4

2、_ much.There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or _5_ pollution of water supplies.We are going to talk about a few of them.The first _6_ fertilizers and poisons.One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored _7_.Stored chemicals can slowly leak into the

3、 soil and _8_ groundwater.To help avoid such problems, chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥)Farm animals can also pollute water supplies. Animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats are often left to _9_ on grass in open fields by streams or rivers.Large animals loos

4、en dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink.Animal _10_ also enters water supplies.Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or _11_.Instead of _12_ animals to water, bring the water to them.Farmers can send water through pipe

5、s to watering areas for their animals with pumps (泵) _13_ by electricity or fuel. Humanpowered treadle pumps are another solution.Trees, bushes and smaller plants can act as _14_ barriers along streams and rivers.Bushes provide excellent ground cover _15_ grown near waterways.Animals _16_ bushes wit

6、h sharp thorns (尖刺) Tree _17_ provide natural support for soil. Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains.They _18_ help keep the sun from drying out soil.They hold soil in place during rains and _19_ the water flow. These methods will not solve all water quality problems, _2

7、0_ they are good first steps.语篇 解 读 ：本 文 是 一 篇 议 论 文 ，探 讨 如 何 使 农 业 生 产 减 少 对 水 资 源 的 污 染 。1A.level BstorageCaverage Dproblem解析：选 C 由上文中的“uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies”可知，这里指世界平均的农业使用的水源达到地表水源的 70%。2A.changes BmeasuresClimits Dorganizations解析：选 B 如果不采取正确的措施，农业会成为水污染的一个主要原因。3A.po

8、llution BsupplyCusage Dresource解析：选 A 由下文提到的各种防止水污染的措施可知，此处选 A 项。4A.reduce BspendCmatter Dcost解析：选 D 根据下文中的“There are simple methods”可知，这里指解决农业引起水污染的问题不必花费很多。5A.consider BcreateCprevent Drescue解析：选 C 根据语境可知，这里应为减少或者阻止水污染。6A.deals with Btakes overCpays for Dleads to解析：选 A 结合下文可知，第一点与肥料和毒药有关。deal with

9、 表示“涉及，关于” 。7A.correctly BimportantlyCimmediately Dpossibly解析：选 A 此处表示当这些化学制品的贮存方式不当时，它们会进入环境中。8A.go up Bstretch inCmake for Dget into解析：选 D 贮存的化学制品会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水中。get into“进入，渗入” ，符合语境。9A.feed BgoCrely Dkeep解析：选 A 这里用动词 feed 表示“进食” ，牛、猪、羊等动物在沿着溪水或河流的开阔的草地上觅食。10A.fat BwasteCfood Dmedicine解析：选 B 动物的粪便

10、也会进入水源。根据语境和常识可知选 B。11A.anything BnothingCsomething Dnone解析：选 C or something 表示“诸如此类的东西” 。12A.forcing BleadingCcarrying Dtaking解析：选 B lead“带路，引领” ；force“强迫” ；carry “拿，提” ；take“拿走，取走” 。根据语境可知，此处为不要把动物领到水边，而是给动物提供水。13A.controlled BusedCmade Dpowered解析：选 D power 表示“驱动，推动” ，这里指用电力或燃料驱动泵运转。14A.wellequipp

11、ed BresponsibleCstrong Dnatural解析：选 D 这里指这些植物是溪水和河流的天然屏障，A 、B 、C 项与语境不符。15A.when BunlessCthough Duntil解析：选 A when 引导时间状语从句，当灌木丛被种植在水路边的时候，它们就成了很好的地被植物。16A.choose BprotectCenjoy Davoid解析：选 D 根据语境可知，此处为动物会避开有尖刺的灌木丛。故选 D。17A.tops BflowersCroots Dleaves解析：选 C 由“natural support for soil” 和常识可知选 C。root 表示

12、“根，根茎” 。18A.easily BhardlyCalso Deither解析：选 C 这里是说种植在水路边的树木的另一个作用，also 表示“也” 。19A.destroy BeaseCspeed Dstop解析：选 B 这些树根在下雨期间防止土壤流失，使水流变缓。ease “减轻，缓解” ，符合语境。20A.hence BbutCso Dtherefore解析：选 B 语境表示转折关系，这些办法不会解决所有的水质问题，但是它们是好的第一步。.阅读理解Nathaniel Stocks was prepared when a fire broke out in his home, sinc

13、e he had just visited the San Bernardino County Fire Department three days before with his kindergarten class.“They taught us how to stop a fire on the field trip and I also learned that you have to crawl (爬行) on the ground beneath the fire， ” Nathaniel said.As soon as the 5yearold boy smelled fire

14、at around 1 am., he immediately went to wake up his grandma, Kimberly Racliss.It took a few tries and lots of yelling “Grandma, theres a fire！ ” to finally get her up.They ran out of the house together.“Nathaniel had the good sense to remain calm， ” Racliss said.“I wouldnt have made it out alive wit

15、hout him.”When Racliss realized their pet dog was still trapped in the house, she was about to go back in to save her when Nathaniel stopped her. “I told her that you cant go into a burning house; you have to wait for the firefighters to get here， ” Nathaniel said.When they arrived about seven minut

16、es later, the firefighters went to save the dog, who was found hidden behind a bathroom door.The firefighters were so impressed by how Nathaniel handled the situation that they invited him to come to the fire department to give him a hat, badge (徽章) and teddy bear.The little boy hopes to be a firefi

17、ghter one day and hasnt taken off his new hat or badge since he got them. “Hes always been a rule follower, but for him to learn all that in the fire department and then put it to use to save my life and his own life is just unbelievable， ” Racliss said.“Hes my hero.”语 篇 解 读 ：加 州 5岁 小 男 孩 火 灾 中 救 奶

18、奶 的 行 为 得 到 消 防 员 赞 誉 。1Nathaniel performed well in the fire because _.Ahe was a very clever and brave young boyBhe had just learned how to escape from a fireChe got the encouragement of his grandmotherDhis kindergarten teacher had taught him what to do in a fire解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在火灾发生的前三天，Nathan

19、iel 刚好与幼儿园的小朋友去消防队学习如何从大火中逃生。因此他在火灾中表现得很好。2We can know from the passage that Racliss _.Awas reading when the fire broke outBrefused to leave her pet dog in the fireCcouldnt understand what Nathaniel had doneDthought she would have died without Nathaniel解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Racliss said.I wouldnt have

20、 made it out alive without him.”可知，Racliss 认为，如果没有 Nathaniel 救她的话，她肯定没命了。3Why did the firefighters invite Nathaniel to the fire department?ATo comfort him. BTo reward him.CTo give him a lesson. DTo ask him some questions.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知， Nathaniel 从大火中救了奶奶，这给消防队员留下了深刻的印象。他们邀请 Nathaniel 到消防队，给了他

21、一顶帽子、一个徽章和一个泰迪熊。由此可知，消防队员邀请 Nathaniel 去消防队是为了奖赏他。单元加餐练（二） 主观题规范增分练.语法填空Next time you hear a funny joke youd better not laugh too hard.According to a paper _1_ (publish) by The British Medical Journal, laughter isnt always the best medicine.Sometimes it can even be _2_ (harm)Professor Robin Ferner fr

22、om the University of Birmingham finds that bad things could happen to people who laugh too much._3_ seems that laughing can be no laughing matter.But Professor Ferner says there are many _4_ (benefit) of laughing when you want to lose weight.Professor Ferner _5_ (explain) that: “You use energy when

23、you laugh, you move your diaphragm (横膈膜 ) and expand your lungs, and both things can be helpful.”According to _6_ research, if you laughed all day youd use up about 2,000 calories, _7_ is what most people consume in a day.But dont do that or you might end up _8_ a painful jaw.But I dont want to fini

24、sh this article _9_ (leave) you feeling desperate.Laughter comes _10_ (nature) for most of us.Babies begin to laugh at around 36 months.So give in to your sense of humor and keep smiling.Life is short anyway.语篇解读：一项研究表明，笑并不总是良药，有时可能是有害的。但尽管这样也不要放弃微笑，毕竟生活是短暂的。1published 分析句子结构可知，paper 和 publish 为逻辑上的

25、动宾关系，故这里要用过去分词作 paper 的后置定语。2harmful 根据语境及空前的 be 动词可知，这里应用形容词作表语。3It 分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句型“It seems that .”，表示“看起来” ，故此处填 It。4benefits 空前有 many 修饰，所以这里应用名词的复数形式。5explains 分析全文可知，此处时态应为一般现在时，且主语是 Professor Ferner，故用第三人称单数形式。6the 此处特指上文中 Professor Ferner 做的研究，故填 the。7which 分析句子结构可知，这里要用 which 引导非限制性定语从句，wh

26、ich 指上文中的“about 2,000 calories”。8with end up with“以结束” ，为固定搭配。9leaving 分析句子结构可知，这里用现在分词充当状语，表示结果。10naturally 空处修饰动词 comes，所以要用副词形式。.短文改错Presently, a cleaning project is carried out in our hometown.It is necessary for us clean our living environment, because rubbishes can be seen everywhere.The air,

27、the soil and drunk water are both polluted in some places.Some kinds of unsafe food which is harmfully to peoples health appear on the stores and some supermarkets.I think we must stop the pollution or the harm.People must throw the waste into the rubbish bins.Dont allow everyone to produce and sell

28、 any unsafe food.Pay attention to the food before eating, and make sure it is safe.If we could do that all, our hometown will soon be more cleaner and more beautiful.答案：第二句：us 后加 to; rubbishesrubbish第三句：drunkdrinking; bothall第四句：harmfullyharmful; onin第五句：orand第七句：everyoneanyone第九句：couldcan; 去掉第一个 mo

29、re 或第一个 moremuch.书面表达为促进我校师生的英语学习，我们将举办英语晚会，请你以学生会的名义发一份英语海报，欢迎全校师生参加。内容：1晚会时间：下星期五晚 7：009：00；2晚会地点：学校新体育馆(new gym)；3晚会节目：英语故事、英文歌曲、英语诗歌及短剧等。届时还邀请在本校工作的外教 Nora 一家参加晚会，他们将表演精彩的节目。注意：词数 100 左右，文章的开头和结尾都已经给出，但不计入总词数。参考词汇：short plays 短剧 wonderful performances 精彩的表演 Students Union 学生会PosterIn order to im

30、prove our English, we are going to hold an English party in our schools new gym._The Students UnionNov.5th, 2018参考范文：PosterIn order to improve our English, we are going to hold an English party in our schools new gym.The English party will start from 7：00 pm to 9：00 pm next Friday.You will enjoy Eng

31、lish stories, songs, poems and short plays at the party.Our foreign teacher Nora and her family will be invited to our party.They will give us wonderful performances.Our teachers and students are welcome to attend the English party.We hope all of you will appreciate the performances.The Students UnionNov.5th, 2018