2019-2020学年外研版英语必修五讲义：Module 1 Period One

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1、There are many differences between British English and American English.I used to teach a course about the differences between the two.We speak English on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean but we have many differences in our common language.We have examples of the same words having very different mea

2、nings，differing spellings of the same words as well as completely different words for the same things.Here are some examples.A cookie in the US is called a biscuit in the UK.A biscuit in the US is a small cake in the UK.Crisps in the UK，are known as chips，but we British people eat a plate of chips t

3、hat you call fries in the US.In the UK，a pie can be made from either meat or fruit，while in the US pies are normally made from fruit；pot pies are made from meat.Most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the US，not pounds and ounces.Petrol in the UK is gas in the US.The place where we fill u

4、p our cars，in the UK，is a garage；while in the US，it s a gas station.The term garage is also used as a place to store your car next to or close by your house.In the UK we call a lorry what is known as a truck in the US.An elevator in the US is called a lift here，and the first floor in the US，is calle

5、d the ground floor here，so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in British hotels.I could continue with this.There are countless examples of differences within our shared language.With so many differences，no wonder its hard to understand each other well.阅读短文，选择正确答案1The passage is mainly about th

6、e differences between British English and American English in .Avocabulary BgrammarCsound Dspelling答案 A2In the authors opinion， .Alanguage differences dont affect understandingBthe same words in the two different types of English may have different spellingsCthere will be fewer differences between A

7、merican and British English in the futureDit is impossible that some Americans get off on the wrong floor in British hotels答案 BPeriod One Introduction & Reading and SpeakingPrereading匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思第一组1linguist Avi.排队(等候)2accent Badj .显然的，显而易见的3obvious Cn.语言学家4subway Dn.地铁5queue En.口音答案 1.C 2.E 3.B

8、4.D 5.A第二组6confusing An.移民；定居者7compare Bn.种类8variety Cvt.比较9differ Dadj.令人困惑的；难懂的10settler Evi .不同；有区别答案 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.E 10.A第三组11remark Aadv.不断地；持续地12variation Bn.轻打；轻弹13steadily Cn.开关14switch Dn.评论；讲话15flick En.变化答案 11.D 12.E 13.A 14.C 15.BStep 1 Fastreading 1Which paragraphs tell the ways British

9、 and American English are different?Paragraphs 1,2,3 and 4.2Which paragraphs predict the future of British and American English?Paragraphs 5,6 and 7.Step 2 Carefulreading Choose the best answer according to the passage.1What are the four ways in which British and American English are different?AVoca

10、bulary ，accent ，grammar and spelling.BVocabulary，grammar，spelling and pronunciation.CVocabulary，speaking ，spelling and grammar.DVocabulary ，writing，grammar and pronunciation.答案 B2Whats the main idea of the first paragraph?ADifferences in words that are not well known.BDifferences in grammar.CDiffere

11、nces in words that are well known.DDifferences in British English and American English.答案 C3 have/has made it easier for the British and Americans to understand each other.ATelevision BRadioCThe Internet DBoth A and C答案 D4How many languages can Monita Rajpal speak?ATwo. BThree. CFour. DFive.答案 B5In

12、the future ，users of English will all be able to understand each other .Aonly in the same countryBin AmericaCin different countriesDin England答案 CStep 3 Postreading After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.British and American English differ in many ways.The difference in vocabu

13、lary is the most obvious.Sometimes，the same word has a 1.slightly(slight) different meaning，which can be 2.confusing(confuse)There are a few differences in grammar，too.The British use prepositions where Americans sometimes omit them.The other two areas in 3.which the two varieties differ are spellin

14、g and pronunciation.American spelling 4.seems(seem) simpler，and many factors 5.have influenced(influence) American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived there.Although there are so many differences，some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.Communications across

15、the Atlantic have developed 6.steadily(steady) for over a century.The experts think this nonstop communication has made it easier for British people and Americans 7.to understand(understand) each other.But it has also led 8.to lots of American words and structures 9.passing(pass) into British Englis

16、h，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.There are going to be many “Englishes” with the international dimension.But the most important thing is that users of English will all be able to understand each other10.wherever they are.Step 4 Sentencelearning 1When the Irish wr

17、iter George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language，he was obviously thinking about the differences.句式分析 该句为复合句，he was obviously thinking about the differences 为主句；when 引导时间状语从句，在此从句中又有一个 that 引导的同位语从句，说明 remark 的具体内容；divide

18、d by a common language 为过去分词短语作定语，修饰 two nations。自主翻译 当爱尔兰作家乔治萧伯纳讲“英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个国家”那句名言的时候，他显然想到了它们的区别。2Since the 1980s，with satellite TV and the Internet，it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch.句式分析 该句为“itisadj .to do sth. ”句型，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语

19、 to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch。自主翻译 自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，随着卫星电视和互联网的使用，按一下开关就能听到英式和美式英语。3This nonstop communication，the experts think，has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.句式分析 该句为“makeitadj.for sb. to do sth. ”句型，the experts thi

20、nk 是插入语，it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语 to understand each other。自主翻译 专家们认为，这种不间断的交流使英国人和美国人彼此理解起来更加容易。.阅读理解AAmerican and British people both speak English of course.But sometimes it does not seem like the same language.In fact， there are some important differences between British English and American English.

21、First of all，they sound very different.Often，Americans dont say each word separately.They say several words together.Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I dont know”Or they may say “Whaddya say？” instead of “What did you say？” However，the British are more careful in their speech.They usually say

22、 all the words and keep them separate.Words sometimes have different meanings too.Some American words are never used in England.The same thing is true of some British words in America.For example，the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.Americans drive trucks，but in England people drive

23、 lorries.Many expressions are also different in the two countries.In England，if you are going to telephone your friends，you “phone them up”In America，you “give them a call” Therere also some differences in grammar.For example，when Americans ask a question，they say “Do you have a storybook？” But the

24、British often say “Have you a storybook？”All these differences can be confusing if you are learning English.But most languages are like this.Languages change over time.When people live in separate places，the languages change in different ways.This is what has happened to English.It can also happen t

25、o other languages，such as French.Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.语篇解读 这篇短文讲述了美国英语和英国英语之间的不同。1What does the underlined word “separate” mean in the passage? It means “ ”A含糊的 B快速的 C分开的 D简略的答案 C解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段的内容可知，美国人说英语和英国人不一样。 “They say s

26、everal words together.”美国人会把好几个单词连在一起说。那么由此我们可以猜测英国人应该是一个词一个词地说，即分开说。故选 C。2The vocabulary for cars and driving is .Aan example of British EnglishBan example of American EnglishCthe same in America and EnglandDnot the same in America and England答案 D解析 细节理解题。第三段讲述了英国英语和美国英语在词义上的不同，并举例说明。由该段最后两句“For ex

27、ample， the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.Americans drive trucks，but in England people drive lorries.”可知答案为 D。3Languages .Aare always changing as time passesBkeep unchanged even if time changesCare the same in all placesDare easy to learn答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Languages change over

28、time.”可知，语言是随着时间而变化的，即语言是不断发展变化的。故选 A。4This passage is mainly about .AEnglish vocabularyBhow American sounds are different from British soundsCthe way the British say wordsDsome differences between American and British English答案 D解析 主旨大意题。第一段就点明了文章的中心“there are some important differences between Bri

29、tish English and American English”，美国英语和英国英语之间有一些重要的区别。故选 D。B(2019广东蕉岭中学高二质检)Wrist(手腕 ) watches are regarded as a tool to tell the time.At first，watches were created as womens decorative bracelets(手镯) At the same time，men used pocket watches.The first mens wrist watch was available in 1904.A pilot c

30、alled Alberto SantosDumont personally asked a watchmaker to create a wrist watch to use on flights.Soon after that，mens wrist watches were available on the market.Since then，watches have been considered fashionable accessories(配饰) for men，and watchmakers have started to make mens fashion watches.At

31、present，watches are not indispensable to tell the time for most people have cell phones which have watch functions.But a new market has been created for wrist watches，which are not only used to tell the time，but also as important fashion statement pieces.Generally speaking，watches for formal occasio

32、ns are beautifully made and more like pieces of jewelry than watches.Mens watches for informal and semiformal events include simple， slim designs and largeandthicksized styles.Nowadays，men usually dont follow any specific style of dress for watches，and the luxury brands of the expensive and strongly

33、made sports watches have made them believe that they look more stylish because of their high prices.Some of the fashion watches have a diamond and some others are completely decorated with precious stones such as diamonds.Mens watches also have many advanced functions.For example，the dualtime watche

34、s for travelers make them know the time in most other countries as well as the time in their home if they are abroad.In a word，a mens watch is one of the few accessories for mens cupboard.Men can choose their most suitable watches to go with their personal taste.语篇解读 以前人们戴手表只是为了报时，他们追求的是手表报时的精确性。现在的

35、年轻人戴手表更多的是在乎手表的款式，认为手表可以展示人的个性，而不太关注它报时的准确性。5According to the first paragraph，the first mens wrist watch .Awas used by a pilot on flightsBwas not only a tool to tell the timeCwas viewed as a symbol of fashionDwas created as a decorative bracelet答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The first mens wrist watch was ava

36、ilable in 1904.A pilot called Alberto SantosDumont personally asked a watchmaker to create a wrist watch to use on flights.”可知，第一块男士手表是飞行员在飞行中使用的，故选 A。6What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?ANecessary. BUseful.CDependable. DPopular.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词后“to tell th

37、e time for most people have cell phones which have watch functions”可知，由于手机也有手表的功能，所以手表并不是必需的。故选 A。7What can we learn from the passage?AMens pocket watches came after men s wrist watches.BThose touring abroad will find a dualtime watch useful.CWatches with advanced functions are always expensive.DMen

38、s watches for informal occasions appear like jewels.答案 B解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，那些出国旅游的人发现双时表很有用。故选 B。8Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?AThe Brief History of Mens WatchesBAdvanced Functions of Mens WatchesCMens WatchesFashion Statement PiecesDHow to Choose a Stylish Mens

39、Watch答案 C解析 标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“But a new market has been created for wrist watches，which are not only used to tell the time，but also as important fashion statement pieces.”可知， “男士手表时尚宣言”最能概括文章大意。故选 C。CIn most parts of Britain，the black cat is a symbol of good luck and owning a black cat may bring good lu

40、ck to the family.But recently，black cats can no longer enjoy so much favor.The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(英国防止虐待动物协会)announced a rise in the number of black cats being abandoned by their owners，due to not looking good in selfies(自拍) According to the RSPCA，more than 70 per

41、cent of the cats in its care are black.The biggest reason for that is black cats tend not to photograph as their lighter and brightercolored fellows with more obvious markings.An RSPCA spokesman said， “This has become a national problem.And we are urging people to never judge a cat by its color but

42、look at its personality instead.”The Millwood Cat Rescue Centre has taken in nice black cats in the past two weeks.The founder of the rescue centre said， “We have had a lot of black cats because people dont like black at the moment.Others look at the black cats and then just say Oh，have you got anyt

43、hing else？ ”Animal lover Gabriella Fletcher owns a 16yearold black cat，Susie.She regularly takes selfies with her pet.She said， “It is hard to get a good picture as you cant really see how beautiful Susie is.She is just as special as any other cat.”语篇解读 在英国，越来越多的黑猫因为在主人自拍的时候看上去不好看而被主人遗弃，不再受到人们的喜爱。9W

44、hy are black cats less favored by people?AThey are rising in number.BThey don t bring good luck anymore.CThey are banned by RSPCA.DThey dont look good in photos.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“a rise in the number of black cats being abandoned by their owners，due to not looking good in selfies(自拍)”可知，被主人抛弃的黑猫越来

45、越多是因为它们在自拍中看起来不好看。故 D 选项正确。10What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 imply?APeople want more black cats.BPeople want to have something to eat.CPeople want more pet animals.DPeople are unwilling to see so many black cats.答案 D解析 句意理解题。由第三段中的“We have had a lot of black cats because people dont

46、 like black at the moment.Others look at the black cats and then just say Oh，have you got anything else？ ”可知， 该中心有这么多黑猫，原因在于人们现在不喜欢黑猫，其他人看到黑猫后会说：“你们还有别的(猫) 吗？” ，由此可以推知，这些人不喜欢黑猫，希望看到别的猫。故 D 选项正确。11In Gabriella Fletchers eyes，black cats are .Adisgusting BunluckyCordinary Dattractive答案 D解析 推理判断题。由最后一段可

47、知，Gabriella Fletcher 是一个动物爱好者，她养了一只16 岁的黑猫，她认为这只黑猫和其他猫一样特别。由此可以推知，她认为黑猫是有吸引力的。故 D 选项正确。12Which of the following can be the best title of this text?ABlack Cats Out in “Selfies”BBlack Cats Abandoned in the UKCBlack Cats in Need of CaringDBlack Cats Favored Again答案 A解析 标题归纳题。英国越来越多的黑猫因为在主人自拍的时候看上去不好看而被

48、主人遗弃，不再受到人们的喜爱。文章对这一社会现象做了介绍和分析，故 A 选项适合做该文标题。.七选五Maybe you have heard the expression “When in Rome，do as the Romans do”So when you want to do business in France，you have to get to know French culture，to make marketing plans， and to run your business by local laws.13 The French take great pride in their language，so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners.Also，another reason why