2019年外研版英语必修3学案：Module 2 Section Ⅰ

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1、Most new people were born in developing countries. These countries are found in Africa, South America and some parts of Asia. In the developed countries of Europe and North America, the population is growing very slowly. This is because women in these countries have, on average (平均), only one or two

2、 children. In the developing countries, many women have five or more children. In 1950, around one quarter of the worlds population lived in the developed countries. By 2050, these countries will be home to only around one tenth of the worlds people. In the developing countries, more than one billio

3、n people are still living below the poverty (贫困) line. These people do not have enough food to eat and they live in poor housing. Children get little time at school and people suffer from many kinds of diseases. At the beginning of the 21st century, the worlds population was around six billion. The

4、UN. has said that the worlds population will level off (平稳下降) at 12.5 billion by the year 2100. Other groups think the worlds population will continue to grow, reaching 14 billion before it becomes stable (稳定的), or even falls. Section_ Introduction & Reading Prereading原 文 呈 现 The Human Development R

5、eportIn the year 2000, 147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty by 2015 or earlier. From this agreement came the Human Development Report.One of the most important sections of this report is the Human Development Index . This examines the achievements of 175 countries. The Index m

6、easures a countrys achievements in three ways: life expectancy (how long people usually live), education and income . The index has some surprises. Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7. The other top five countries are: Iceland (2), Sweden(3), Australia(4), the Netherlands (

7、5). The UK is in the thirteenth position， while China is in the middle of the list. The bottom ten countries are all African countries, with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list.The report describes eight Development Goals. The most important goals are to：reduce poverty and hunger

8、；make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11； 21 22 fight AIDS and other diseases；improve the environment of poor people, eg. make sure they have safe drinking water；encourage developed countries to give more help to other countries. 23 24 读 文 清 障 human/hjumn/ n.(与动物等对比的)人developm

9、ent/dIvelpmnt/n.发展develop v发展；开发；变化；成长；冲洗agree to do sth.同意做某事 poverty/pvti/n.贫穷本句为完全倒装句式。 index/Indeks/ n.指数measure/me/vt.测定；测量；评估expectancy/Ikspektnsi/ n.(根据概率得出的)预期数额 education n教育 income /Inkm/n.收入surprise n意外，惊奇。此处属于抽象名词具体化用法。at the top of 在顶端 Iceland/aIslnd/冰岛Netherlands/nelndz/荷兰 position/pzI

10、n/n.位置Sierra Leone/sier lin/塞拉利昂at the bottom of 在底部with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list 是“with名词介词短语”类型的 with 复合结构，在句中作状语。goal/gl/n.目标“be to do”结构表示安排、命令、意向或目的。make sure 确保，后接 that 引导的宾语从句。 21 up to 多达 22 developed adj.发达的 23 developing adj.发展中的encourage . to do .鼓励做 24 人类发展

11、报告第 13 段译文在 2000 年，来自世界各国的 147 位领导人同意一起协作，力争到 2015 年或更早的时候减少贫困。人类发展报告就来自于这个共识。这份报告中最重要的部分之一就是人类发展指数。它审查 175 个国家的成就。这项指数从三个方面衡量一个国家的成就：预期寿命(人们通常活多长时间) 、教育和收入。这个指数显示了一些令人感到意外的情况。挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。位于前五位的其他国家是：冰岛(2)、瑞典(3)、澳大利亚(4) 和荷兰(5)。英国位居第十三，而中国处于中等水平。处于末端的十个国家均是非洲国家，塞拉利昂(位于西非) 排在最后。报告描述了 8 个发展目标。最重要的目

12、标是：减少贫困和饥饿；确保所有儿童 11 岁之前都能接受教育；对抗艾滋病和其他疾病；改善穷苦人民的(生活) 环境，例如：确保他们有安全的饮用水；鼓励发达国家给予其他国家更多的帮助。The 2003 Human Development Report gives examples of successful development. For 25 example, in nine years (19531962), China increased life expectancy by 13 years. In the last ten years in China, 150 million peo

13、ple moved out of poverty. However, the challenges are still great. 26 Every day 799 million people in developing countries are hungry. Over half of these are in South Asia or Africa. Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school， about 115 million children are not b

14、eing educated . More than 1 billion people in 27 28 developing countries do not drink safe water. However, in other regions of the world, eg. Eastern Europe, water is now mostly safe to drink.The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater 29 30 efforts . Although

15、developed countries give some financial help, they need to give much 31 32 33 more. Interestingly ， the countries that give the most money are the Netherlands, Norway 34 35 and Sweden. These are among the five richest countries in the world, so it is right that they should do so . 36 give examples o

16、f .给出 例子 25 move out of 脱离；摆脱，搬出 26 Although more than 80% of children .是 although 引导的让步状语从句。 27 educate/edjkeIt/vt.教育；培养；训练。 28 本句运用了现在进行时的被动语态。The report shows that . but that .中，but 连接两个并列的宾语从句，表转折，注意第 29 二个 that 不能省略。make progress 取得进步 30 progress 是不可数名词。make efforts 努力 31 make efforts to do sth

17、.努力做某事developed countries 发达国家 32 developing countries 发展中国家financial adj.财政的；金融的 33 finance n财政；金融interestingly adv.有趣的是 34 that give the most money 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the countries。that 在从句中作主语， 35 不可省略。it is right that they should do so 中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 从句。 36 第 45 段译文2003 年人类发展报告列举了一些成功发展的例子。譬如，在

18、 9 年(19531962) 的时间里，中国的人均寿命就增加了 13 岁。过去的 10 年里，中国有 1.5 亿人口脱贫。然而，挑战仍然很严峻。在发展中国家，每天有 7.99 亿人在挨饿，其中一半以上的人来自南亚或非洲。虽然发展中国家 80%以上的儿童能上小学，但仍有约 1.15 亿儿童得不到教育。发展中国家里 10 多亿的人喝不上安全的水。然而，在世界的其他地区，如东欧，现在的饮用水大多是安全的。报告显示：我们正在进步，但是我们需要做出更大的努力。虽然发达国家提供了一些经济援助，但是援助的数量需要大大增加。有趣的是，捐钱最多的国家是荷兰、挪威和瑞典。它们都属于世界上最富有的五个国家，所以它们

19、这样做是合情合理的。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings. 1hunger An.目标2income Bn.发展3poverty Cn.饥饿4development Dn.收入5measure En.贫穷6goal Fn.数字7expectancy Gvt.教育；培养；训练8position Hvt.测定；测量；评估9educate In.位置10figure Jn.(根据概率得出的) 预期数额15_ 610_答案：15 CDEBH 610 AJIGFLeadin1Can you name some develo

20、ping and developed countries? (1)Developing countries: India,_China,_Thailand_. (2)Developed countries: The_US,_England,_France,_Germany_. 2Why do you think these countries are developing/developed countries? From above the pictures, we can see these countries are (1)developing countries. (2)Develop

21、ing countries are very different from (3)developed countries. In terms of economy, people have low (4)income. Most of them suffer from (5)poverty/hunger in the first kind of countries. In terms of (6)education,_many people can not afford to go to school. However, in the second kind of countries, man

22、y (7)diseases can be cured and few people lives in (8)poverty/hunger. Most of them live a happy life. Whilereading FastreadingRead the text quickly and choose the main idea of each paragraph.1Para.1 AExamples of successful development in 20032Para.2 BThe most important goals of the report3Para.3 CHo

23、w the Human Development Report came out4Para.4 DThe Human Development Index measures a countrys achievements5Para.5 EDeveloped countries should give more financial help15_答案：15 CDBAECarefulreadingRead the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1The Human Development Index measures a countrys ac

24、hievements in the following ways EXCEPT _.Alife expectancy BincomeCeducation Denvironment2In which way is China successful according to the report?AIn educating children. BIn reducing poverty. CIn improving drinking water. DIn fighting AIDS. 3In developing countries _ of children dont go to primary

25、school.Aless than 20% Bmore than 80%Cover half Dabout half4According to the report, the countries which give the most money to other countries are _.Athe UK, the US, and AustraliaBIceland, Sweden and AustraliaCthe Netherlands, Norway and SwedenDChina, the UK and the US5We should pay attention to the

26、 children who cannot receive education, which agrees with the Development Goal of _.Afighting AIDS and other diseasesBreducing poverty and hungerCmaking sure that all children have education up to the age of 11Dimproving the environment of poor people答案：15 DBACC StudyreadingAnalyze the following dif

27、ficult sentences in the text. 1The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.句式分析尝试翻译 报告显示：我们正在进步，但是我们需要做出更大的努力。2These are among the five richest countries in the world, so it is right that they should do so.句式分析尝试翻译 它们都属于世界上五个最富有的国家，所以它们这样做是合情合理的。.阅读理解AI

28、n most developed countries the government provides free education for children because it realizes that educated citizens are useful to the country in their later life. Most countries also have private (私立的) education. This means that parents can pay to send their children to certain schools. People

29、 who agree with this system say that it gives parents a larger choice of schools. Other people think that private schools give the children who go to them an unfair advantage over other children.At the age of three, many children go to nursery school. Two or three years later, they enter a primary s

30、chool. At the age of 11 they go to a secondary school. Then they may have a chance of continuing their studies at a university or college.Universities and colleges are places where some young people go to continue their education after leaving school. Most university students study one main subject,

31、 though they may also study a number of others. Teaching is usually by lectures, or by discussions between a lecturer and students.Most students stay at university for three or four years. At the end of that, they take an examination. If they pass, they receive their Bachelors degree, usually a BA,

32、which is short for Bachelor of Arts, or a BS for Bachelor of Science. Some students study for several more years in order to get higher degree, such as a MA or a PhD.Most university courses dont train students to do a certain job. Colleges, on the other hand, usually teach skills which enable studen

33、ts to follow a career (职业), such as clothing design, or business studies.语篇 解 读 ：文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 发 达 国 家 教 育 方 面 的 信 息 。1. The passage mainly tells us _.Asomething about the private schools in developed countriesBhow developed countries pay attention to educationCsome general information about educati

34、on in developed countriesDwhy education is important解析：选 C 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了发达国家教育方面的信息。故选 C。2Why do most developed countries provide free education to children?ABecause the children dont have money to go to school.BBecause the government want their citizens to be useful to the country.CBecause educatio

35、n doesnt cost the country too much money.DBecause there are not enough private schools.解析：选 B 句意理解题。根据第一段的 “In most developed countries . educated citizens are useful to the country in their later life.”可知选 B。3In the first paragraph the underlined word “citizens” refer to _.Athe citiesBmembers of a

36、countryCthe childrenDpeople who lives in cities解析：选 B 词义猜测题。从句意看是：受过教育的 “公民”以后对国家有利。故选B。4Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?AAll the university students study one subject.BAfter studying at the university for three or four years, all the students can get a Bachelors de

37、gree.CStudents usually receive a masters degree before receiving a Bachelors degree.DUnlike university, colleges usually teach students some useful skills for a career.解析：选 D 句意理解题。根据最后一段第二句 “Colleges, on the other hand . or business studies.”可知，学院通常会教学生一些技能。故选 D。BHousing Price in China has always a

38、roused heated discussion among property developers and ordinary Chinese. To many property developers and local government officials, housing price in China is still low compared with many developed countries. However, the average housing price in the United States is only 8,000 yuan per square metre

39、, while in China, it is even higher than that in the United States. “This shows that there are some bubbles (泡沫) in Chinese real estate (房地产) market ，” the International Finance News reported.Although the average price of residential houses in the United States, after changed to RMB, is about 8,000

40、yuan per square metre, the houses in the US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property developers do when they sell their houses. If the US property developers sell their houses according to the building area, then the housing price will be even lower than 8,000 yuan per square

41、 metre. In most big Chinese cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen, houses are sold at a price even higher than those in the US.The high housing price in large cities in China proves that Chinese real estate market does have some bubbles. Moreover, Chinese houses cannot be compared with hous

42、es in the US in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities. Furthermore, it should be noted that American peoples average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese people. How can the Chinese afford to buy a house which is even more expensive than that sold in t

43、he US?At the beginning of 2007, Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public. Now in order to reduce the high housing prices, the government can regulate the real estate market by raising tax on property industry and controlling the release of loans and lands to prope

44、rty developers. Meanwhile, the government should allow people to build more houses through various fundraising channels, such as funds collected from buyers or raised by working units. By applying these multiple means, it is expected that the high housing prices can be lowered and Chinese public can

45、 really benefit from the economic achievement.语篇解读：居高不下的房价一直都是人们议论的热门话题。中国政府出台了一系列惠民政策，相信在政府的宏观调控之下，房价会降到一个合理的水平，人民群众也能从经济发展中真正获益。5When it comes to housing price in China, many _ think it reasonable.Aproperty developers and ordinary peopleBproperty developers and local governmentsCordinary people an

46、d the Chinese governmentDproperty developers and the Chinese government解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，房地产开发商和地方政府的官员认为，中国的房价仍然低于许多发达国家，说明他们认为中国目前的房价是合理的，故选B。6How does the writer feel about the problem of high housing price in China?AEncouraged and confident.BSatisfied.CHopeless.DConcerned but optimistic (乐

47、观的) 解析：选 D 观点态度题。根据第一段 “it is even higher than that in the United States”和第三段“How can the Chinese afford to buy a house which is even more expensive than that sold in the US？” 可知，作者对房价居高不下感到困惑；根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为通过采取多种措施，房价有望降低，人们能够真正从经济发展中获益，说明作者的态度是乐观的，故选 D。7It can be learned from the passage that _

48、.Ahousing price in China will drop considerably very soonBa set of laws have been passed to improve Chinese real estate marketCregardless of housing price, Chinese houses have poorer building quality than those in the USDthe Chinese government has not realized the importance of the problem解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，中国楼房的质量、环境和配套设施都比不上美国的楼房，说明中国楼房不仅价格虚高，连质量也不如美国的，故选 C。8What is the passage