2019年外研版英语必修3学案：Module 5 Section Ⅳ

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1、Section_ Other_Parts_of_the_Module原文呈现 读文清障 The Industrial RevolutionIn Europe, in the second half of the eighteenth century, there was an important change in society. This change was called the “Industrial Revolution”. Until then Europe had been a farming society. With the Industrial Revolution, fa

2、ctories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time . The factories were built in towns and as a result ， the population of towns and cities greatly increased.These changes became possible because of inventions such as the steam engine.This was invented in 1769 by James Watt and

3、was the main energy source during the Industrial Revolution. At first the steam engine was used in mines, but it was soon used in factories and on the railways.until then 直到那时appear vi.出现，露面不用于被动语态。mass n大量a mass of/masses of 很多，许多production n生产；产量for the first time 为介词短语，意为“第一次”。the first time 是名词词

4、组，可作连词用，引导时间状语从句。as a result 结果as a result of 由于，后接宾语。because of 由于，其后接名词、代词、动名词等。because conj.因为，其后接从句。invention n发明；创造invent/Invent/vt.发明inventor/Invent/n.发明家main adj.主要的 mainly adv.主要地at first 起初 first of all 首先，第一工业革命第 12 段译文在欧洲，18 世纪后半叶社会发生了重大的变革。这次变革叫作“工业革命”。在此之前欧洲一直是一个农业社会。随着工业革命的到来，工厂出现了，大规模

5、的生产第一次成为可能。工厂被建在城镇里，结果城镇和城市的人口大大增长了。蒸汽机等的发明使这些变革成为可能。蒸汽机是 1769 年由詹姆斯瓦特发明的，是工业革命时期主要的能量来源。起初蒸汽机被用于矿井，但它很快就被用于工厂里和铁路上了。During the Industrial Revolution, factory owners became more powerful than land owners. Thousands of people left the countryside to work in the city. Often, factory workers lived in p

6、oor and crowded conditions. From 1830 to the early 20th century, the Industrial Revolution spread through Europe and the US and then to other countries such as Japan.,thousands of 成千上万的crowded adj.拥挤的the crowd 人群condition/kndIn/n.状况；条件；环境 on condition that 只要；在的前提下第 3 段译文在工业革命期间，工厂主变得比农场主更强大。成千上万的人离

7、开农村到城市就业。工厂的工人们通常生活在艰苦、拥挤的环境中。从 1830 年到 20 世纪初期，工业革命从欧洲传播到了美国，后来又传播到其他的国家，比如日本。Read the text on Page 49 and choose the best answers according to the text.1Before the Industrial Revolution, what kind of society did Europe belong to?AAn industrial society.BA primitive society.CA farming society.DA soc

8、ialist society.2What kind of phenomenon appeared at first?AFactories. BMass production.CNew cities. DPopulation growth.3Why did thousands of people leave the countryside to work in the city?ATo become factory owners.BIn order to invent the steam engine.CTo become more powerful.DIn order to survive a

9、nd live a better life.4How did the Industrial Revolution spread in the world?AEuropeJapanthe USBEurope the USJapanCthe USEuropeJapanDJapan the USEurope答案：14 CADB一、这样记单词记得准 写得对 记得快 记得多.基础词汇1justice n 公正2.bark n. 树皮v. 狗吠叫；大声嚷；吼叫3leather n. 皮革 4monk n. 和尚5soft adj. 柔软的 6category n. 范畴；种类 7freedom n. 自由

10、 1.leather n皮革形近 feather n 羽毛 feature n. 特点 2类似 freedom，含有名词后缀 dom 的单词还有kingdom n. 王国 wisdom n. 智慧3类似 condition，含有名词后缀tion 的单8fuel n. 燃料 9condition n. 状况；条件；环境 .拓展词汇1honesty n诚实 honest adj.诚实的dishonest adj.不诚实的 2.contribution n贡献contribute v贡献3inventor n发明家invent vt.发明invention n发明4argument n争论；辩论；议

11、论 argue vt.争论 词还有action n. 行动situation n. 形势；情况 station n. 站；所；车站；电台 suggestion n. 建议 tradition n. 传统， 风俗 4invent vt.发明同义 compose v. 创作；作曲 make vt. 制造create vt. 创造，创作；造成design vt. 设计；计划；构思 produce vt. 生产二、这样记短语记牢固定短语 多积常用词块1.become_interested_in 对感兴趣2a_sense_of_responsibility 责任感3be_proud _of 为自豪4up

12、_to 多达5in_conclusion 总之6for_the_first_time 第一次7in_good_condition 状况良好1.in the second half of the eighteenth century在 18 世纪后半叶2the Industrial Revolution 工业革命 3a farming society 农业社会4.at first 起初 5was used in mines 被用于矿井 6factory owner 工厂主 7thousands of people 成千上万的人 8in a poor and crowded conditions

13、在艰苦、拥挤的环境中 三、这样记句式先背熟 再悟通 后仿用1.However, we do know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.然而，我们的确知道他于公元1092 年发明了第一个真正的时钟。“do/does/did动词原形”表示强调。 Do_be_more_careful next time. 下次一定要更加小心。2.Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were no faster than a horse.汽车最初被使用是在 19

14、世纪末期，其速度并不比马快。“no比较级than” 相当于该原级形容词或副词的反义词使用 as . as 结构的意思。 His English is no_better_than_mine. 他的英语同我的英语一样不好。3.You can just get in your car and go wherever you want.你可以坐进车里去任何你想去的地方。wherever 引导地点状语从句。 Sit wherever_you_like.你愿意坐在哪儿都行。4.If so, then my friend Peter Ling is a bit mad.如果是这样的话，那么我的朋友彼得凌似

15、乎有点疯狂。If so 是“If it is so”的省略形式，表示“如果是这样的话”。Are you free this evening? If_so,_lets go out for a meal. 你今天晚上有空吗？如果有，让我们出去吃饭吧。1(教材 P45)honesty n诚实；正直 (1)honest adj. 诚实的，正直的 honestly adv. 诚实地，正直地 dishonest adj. 不诚实的 (2)to be honesthonestly speaking 说实话；老实说 In modern society, honesty is a must in making

16、 a harmonious society.在现代社会里，要建造和谐社会，诚实是必不可少的。Honestly (honest) speaking, I didnt do it on purpose. 老实说，我不是故意做的。She should have let us know earlier, but to_be_honest,_she has been very busy recently. 她本应该早让我们知道的，但是，老实说，她最近一直非常忙。2(教材 P46)contribution n贡献；捐赠，捐助；投稿 (1)make contributions/a contribution

17、to (doing) sth. 对做出贡献；向贡献(2)contribute vi. & vt. 贡献；捐献；投稿contribute to 导致；促成，有助于contribute . to . 向捐献；向投稿All contribution, however small, will be greatly appreciated. 所有捐款，无论数目多么少，我们都深表感谢。He has made an important contribution to the companys success.他为公司的成功做出了重要的贡献。Im sure your suggestions will cont

18、ribute to solving (solve) the problem. 我确定你的建议会有助于这个问题的解决。联想发散 contribute to 中 to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。类似的短语还有：pay attention to 注意be devoted to 专心于，致力于become addicted to 上瘾get down to 着手做某事3(教材 P47)For example, it is the country in which silk was first invented. 例如，丝绸是在这个国家被首次发明的。invent vt.发明，创造；创作，编造inv

19、ention n U发明；C 发明物inventor n. C发明家Who invented the telephone? 电话是谁发明的？Edison is a great inventor in history and many of his inventions are still useful now. (invent)爱迪生是历史上一位伟大的发明家，他的许多发明现在对我们仍然很有用。辨析比较 invent, discover, create invent “发明”，即原来没有而后来创作出某种东西discover “发现”某种本来存在，而以前未被发现的事物或未被人知的东西create“

20、创造，创作”，指艺术创作等审美活动，其对象往往是精神上的，也可指创造出新的具体事物选择上述单词填空If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what has been discovered in science and technology. Before Braille was invented,_books for blind people weighed as much as 100 pounds. Some people believe that God created the world.4(教材 P47)He is a man

21、whom China can be proud of. 他是一位让中国引以为荣的人物。be proud of 为自豪/骄傲 (1)be proud to do sth. 对做某事感到自豪(2)pride n. 骄傲，自豪take pride in . 对感到自豪with pride 自豪地He is always proud of his excellent spoken English. 他总是为自己可以讲一口流利的英语而自豪。On Saturdays, students are very proud to_be (be) volunteers on the street to guide

22、passersby to obey traffic rules. 在星期六，学生对在街上做指导行人遵守交通规则的志愿者感到自豪。When he grows up, he is so successful that he takes pride in his hard work. 当他长大成人，他是一位非常成功的人士并且他对他的艰苦工作感到自豪。The old man looked at his son with_pride. 那位老人自豪地看着儿子。5(教材 P47)This paragraph gives the arguments against cars.这一段是反对汽车的论点。argu

23、ment n争论，辩论；论点，论据(1)have an argument with sb. about sth.就某事与某人争论(2)argue vi. 争论argue with sb. about/on/over sth.与某人争吵/辩论某事argue for 赞成argue against 反对My argument is based on fact.我的论点是建立在事实基础上的。The students had an argument with their teacher about assignments.学生与他们的老师就课外作业问题进行争论。All of us argue for

24、the suggestion made by the manager. 我们所有人都赞成经理提出的建议。名师点津 由 argue(v.)mentargument( n.) 可知ment 是动词变为名词的后缀之一，表示行为或动作。类似单词还有：treatment 治疗 movement 运动；活动 judgment 判断 punishment 惩罚6(教材 P48)In conclusion, I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car.总之，我认为汽车很有用，因为驾车旅行很方便。in conclu

25、sion 总之arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论 Learning foreign languages calls for your memory, time, patience and emotions. In conclusion, it is not a simple thing. 学习外语需要记忆力、时间、耐心和情感。总之，不是一件简单的事情。In_conclusion,_I would like to thank you for your coming to the meeting. 最后，我对各位出席这次会议表示感谢。We

26、have reached the conclusion that this is a true story. 我们已经得出结论，这是一个真实的故事。联想发散 由“in名词” 构成的短语还有：in addition 加之，又，另外in advance 在前头，事先，预先in case (用作连词，表目的或条件) 以防；如果 (用作副词) 以防万一 in danger 在危险中 in demand 有需要的7(教材 P49) Often, factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions. 工厂的工人们通常生活在艰苦、拥挤的环境中。condi

27、tion n 状况；条件；环境 in good condition 状况良好 out of condition 身体不适on condition that 只要，条件是 on no condition 决不 Now the operating conditions are much better than before. 现在操作条件比过去好多了。We will let you operate this new machine on_condition_that you follow the operating rules.只要你遵守操作规程，我们就让你操作这台新机器。I promise to

28、 return your bicycle in_good_condition.我答应一定完好无损地归还你的自行车。名师点津 on no condition 位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。On no condition will we give in to the difficulties. 我们绝不向困难低头。However, we do know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.然而，我们的确知道他于公元 1092 年发明了第一个真正的时钟。句中 do know 属于“do/does/did 动词原形”强调结构的一种形式，该

29、结构用来强调谓语动词，其中的 do/does/did 在句中要重读。I do hope that you can visit the Chinese papercutting art exhibition with me.(2017全国卷书面表达)我的确希望你能和我一起参观中国剪纸艺术展。People think the earth doesnt move at all, but it does_move.人们认为地球根本不运动，但它的确是在运动。Teachers think I didnt study hard, but I did_study hard.老师们认为我不努力学习，但我确实努力

30、了。英语中常见的其他强调方式还有：(1)用反身代词表示强调I myself will see her off at the station.我将亲自到车站为她送行。(2)用倒装句表示强调Only in this way can_we wipe out the enemy troops.只有这样我们才能消灭敌军。(3)用强调句型表示强调It is his mother who he is thinking of. 他现在正在思念的是他的母亲。.单句语法填空1To be honest (honesty), I had never imagined it as an issue at all. 2T

31、o make our country stronger, everyone should make his/her contributions (contribute)3The invention (invent) of the computer marked the beginning of a new era. 4The customer argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.5Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent.6She is excellen

32、t in every subject, but she never seemed to be proud of her achievement.7.In conclusion, Id like to thank you for all youve done for me. 8He is no more careful than his brother.完成句子1We are_proud_to_offer_you the highest standards of customer care.我们以向您提供最高标准的服务而自豪。2He does _work_hard and can finish

33、the job in time.他的确工作努力，能及时完成任务。3On no condition will_we_give_up_hope.我们决不能放弃希望。4Chinese athletes have made _great_contributions_to the Olympic Games. 中国运动员为奥运会做出了巨大贡献。5To_be_honest,_the pay isnt attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.说实话，尽管这份工作本身相当有趣，但薪水没有足够的吸引力。6Do you ever

34、argue_with_your_family_about which TV programme to watch?你和你的家人就看哪个电视节目争论过吗？7Her son was filled with ambition to_become_a_great_inventor.她儿子一心想成为一个伟大的发明家。8You can use my computer on_condition_that_you_return_it to me on time.只要你按时还给我，你可以用我的电脑。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练习.单词拼写1The Industrial Revolution (革

35、命) played an important role in the development of Europe.2Such a disease can spread (传播) quickly.3.It is hard to find a job in the condition (情况) of economic depression.4Most of the educators are in favour of providing more freedom (自由) for the teenagers, believing that it may make them more creativ

36、e and independent. 5I accepted his argument (论证) that we should increase production. 6What he had done said a lot about his honesty (诚实) 7The government work report covers a variety of issues, and social justice (公正) in particular. 8This kind of cloth feels soft (柔软的) and sells well. .单句语法填空 1We wil

37、l always remember the great scientist, Qian Xuesen, who made great contributions to studying (study) space.2.Do you know who invented (invent) the computer? 3She did tell (tell) me about her address, but I forget all about it. 4Its beyond argument (argue) that his theory is true.5.Airlines have lost

38、 billions (billion) of dollars. 6In conclusion, please accept my best wishes for your family. .选词填空become interested in， be proud of， up to， in conclusion， for the first time， in good condition， contribution， invent1The other day, as I was walking up_to town, I saw a strange sight. 2Ive talked a lot

39、 about walking. In_conclusion,_I want to say it is a cheap, safe and enjoyable form of exercise.3.Badminton is a game invented by an Englishman. 4People in Chongqing are_proud_of what they have achieved in the past ten years. 5He made great contributions to the success of the project. 6As the childr

40、en grew old, they became more and more interested_in science. 7All the old paintings were in_good_condition when they were discovered by the farmer. 8We experienced such difficulty for_the_first_time. 本单元语言点温故练习.单句语法填空1Im sure Barbara is equal to the task. 2At present, some countries are still at wa

41、r with others.3Our teacher has repeatedly stressed (stress) the importance of handwriting. 4You should put the books on the bookshelf in order. 5The famous basketball player was brought up in the countryside.6At sixteen, I resigned myself to the fact that Id never be a dancer. 7He was seated there r

42、eading (read) a novel. 8The reason why I didnt attend the party was that I was too busy.9We accept the item in principle. 10Nearly everyone is shy in some ways. .完成句子1(2016北京高考改编)I live next door to a couple whose_children_often_make_a_lot_of_noise.我隔壁住着一对夫妻，他们的孩子经常制造很多噪声。2Clock is a kind of instrum

43、ent which/that_can_tell_people_time.钟表是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。3This is the place where_he_used_to_live.这就是他过去居住的地方。4This is the girl whom/that/who_I_met_in_the_street. 这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。5Do you remember the teacher who/that _taught_us_English?你还记得教我们英语的那位老师吗？6The building which/that_is_being_built is a supermark

44、et. 正在建设中的那座建筑是一家超市。7Was he the man (whom)_my_teacher_was_talking_to just now? 他就是那个刚才和我的老师谈话的人吗？8Who is the man with_whom you just shook hands?刚才和你握手的人是谁？二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解One night, I was happily making my tea when all of a sudden the room was in complete darkness. The lights had gone out, the o

45、ven (微波炉) stopped working and my phone was no longer charging (充电). I tried to fix the electricity but I soon realized that I couldnt. I had to wait for an electrician to come in the morning.After messaging my friends to say that I wouldnt message that night because I couldnt charge my phone, I sat

46、down to eat my halfcooked dinner. And then I wasnt sure what to do. I usually spend my evenings watching TV and going on the Internet. I couldnt even read a book because I wasnt prepared with candles. So_for_me,_it_was_an_early_night.Losing our electricity felt like losing a basic necessity. In fact

47、, electricity is a luxury (奢侈品). But we think it will always be there when we need it. I use electricity all the time, even when its not really necessary. I use it to put the TV on even when Im not really watching it. I use it to check my phone when I wait for a friend.Our overuse of electricity is a big problem. It is one of the causes of global warming, which is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. Not only that, but if we continue to overuse it we will soon run out.We wouldnt want to live in a world without electricity, bu