2019年外研版英语必修4学案：Module 2 Section Ⅲ 祈使句

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1、Section_ Grammar_祈使句语法图解探究发现Dont bring your cellphone to school.Never forget each of us is the master of the earth.Give me a ring as soon as you get home.Write to me as soon as possible, will you?Lets live a lowcarbon life, shall we?Let us take care of the house while you are away, will you？ You, gi

2、rls, clean the desks; you, boys, sweep the floor.Dont stay outside at night, will you?Do put your heart into your studies before the coming exam.我的发现(1)句为否定祈使句，句为肯定祈使句。肯定祈使句以 动词原形开头，否定祈使句以 dont 或 never 开头。(2)由句可知，lets 引导的祈使句的反意疑问句用 shall_we，let us 引导的祈使句的反意疑问句用 will_you。(3)由句可知祈使句的反意疑问句通常用 will_you。

3、(4)句中，在祈使句前可加 do 或 you 对句子表示强调，以加强句子的语气。一、定义表示命令、请求、建议、劝告、警告或禁止的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的主语一般为you，通常省略，谓语动词使用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。Be quiet, please.请安静。(请求)Go and wash your hands.去洗手。(命令)Watch your steps.走路小心。(劝告)Look out！Danger!小心！危险！(警告)Keep off the grass.勿踏草坪。(禁止)二、形式1肯定结构(1)Do 型(行为动词原形开头)Follow the rules of the road.遵

4、守交通规则。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下可省略动词。This way, please.Go this way, please.请这边走。(2)Be 型 (系动词 be 开头)Be sure to get here before nine.一定要九点钟以前到这里。(3)Let 型(Lets/Let sb.动词原形)Lets have a meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们开一个会吧。Let me have a try if you dont want to.如果你不想，就让我试一试吧。2否定结构(1)Do 型和 Be 型的否定式都是在句首加 Dont 或 Never 构成

5、。即： Dont/Never动词原形Dont be late tomorrow.明天不要迟到。Never put off what you should do till tomorrow.今日事今日毕。(2)Let 型祈使句的否定式有两种：Dontlet宾语动词原形( 其他成分)；Lets not动词原形(其他成分)。Dont let the children play in the street.别让小孩在街上玩耍。Lets not waste time.咱们别浪费时间了。3No名词/动名词。此类否定祈使句多表示禁止。No smoking!禁止吸烟！No photos in the room

6、.该房间不许拍照。即时演练 1(1)单句语法填空(2015湖南高考改编)Always keep (keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2014湖南高考改编)Make (make) what youre doing today important, because youre trading a day of your life for it.(2014北京高考改编)Observe (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing

7、 experiments in the lab.(2013湖南高考改编)Every day read (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.(2)翻译句子过马路时要小心。Be_careful_when_crossing_the_road.永远不要放弃你的梦想。Never_give_up_your_dream.教室里不许抽烟。No_smoking_in_the_classroom.不要在阅览室里发出噪音。Dont_make_any_noise_in_the_reading_room.进我的房间之前，请先敲

8、门。Knock_at_the_door_before_you_enter_my_room,_please.三、祈使句的反意疑问句1祈使句为肯定句，其反意疑问句用 will you/wont you。 Come to have dinner with us this evening, will you/wont you?今晚来和我们一块儿吃饭，好吗？2祈使句为否定句，其反意疑问句用 will you。Dont smoke in the meeting room, will you?不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？3Let 开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除 Lets 开头的用 shall we 外，其他的

9、均用will you。Lets take a walk after supper, shall we?我们晚饭后散散步，好吗？Let us go swimming, Mum, will you?妈妈，让我们去游泳，行吗？即时演练 2 写出下面句子的反意疑问句Come here next Sunday, will/wont_you?Dont tell it to anyone, will_you?Weve been working for two hours. Lets stop and have a rest, shall_we?四、祈使句的强调形式 1为了表示强调或加强命令、劝告的语气，使句

10、子更具有说服力，常在其谓语动词前加上 do。Do be careful next time!下次一定要仔细！Do tell me where to buy the tickets for the concert.告诉我去哪里买音乐会的票。2为了加强语气或指明同谁说话，可在动词前加上主语。加上主语时，由于是面对面说话并直呼其名，故不论第几人称，动词均用原形，不考虑主谓一致问题。Mary, come here everybody else stay where you are. 玛丽过来，其他人都别动。You be quiet！你安静点！即时演练 3 完成句子Do_remember (一定记住)

11、the rules I told you.Do_be_happy (一定要快乐) at any time.Tom,_you_go (汤姆，你去) shopping and Mary,_you_cook (玛丽，你做饭)五、祈使句and/or( otherwise)陈述句这种句型中的祈使句可改为 if 引导的条件句。and 表示顺承关系，意为“那么”；or(otherwise)表示转折关系意为“否则”。Use your head, and you will find a way.If you use your head, you will find a way.动动脑筋，你将会找到方法。Hurr

12、y up, or youll be late.If you dont hurry up, youll be late.快点，否则你将会迟到了。在这两个句型中，祈使句可以是一个名词短语，陈述句中常使用一般将来时(will do)。即时演练 4 用 and/or 填空(2014天津高考改编)Give me a chance, and Ill give you a wonderful surprise.(2013北京高考改编)Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, or you could have problems.(2014

13、大纲卷改编)Call me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.One step further and youll get lost.单句语法填空1Work hard, and you will get promoted.2Let us take care of Grandma, will you?3Dont_speak (not, speak) with your mouth full of food.4One more hour and we will_get (get) everything ready for the birthd

14、ay party. 5Our English teacher is ill. Lets go and see him after school, shall we?6Give (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like. 7Li Ming, read (read) the text everybody else, listen carefully and see whether his pronunciation is correct.8Dont drink when you drive a car, will

15、you?9Walk to the corner, turn (turn) right and cross the road.10Lets go (go) out for lunch after work its my treat.单句写作1(2015北京高考标准范文)If you are interested in it，let_me_know_and_Ill_send_you_more_information.如果你感兴趣的话，让我知道我就会给你发送更多信息。2(2015湖南高考满分作文) Give_him_a_hand_and hell get through the difficulty

16、.帮他一把，那么他就会渡过这个难关。3(2015四川高考标准范文)If you get the job, do_devote_yourself_to_it and finally youll succeed.如果你得到这份工作，一定要全身心的投入其中，最终你一定会成功的。4(2014陕西高考满分作文) Wish_you_to_have_a_pleasant_time_with_us in our school.希望你在我们的学校能和我们一起度过快乐的时光。5(2014辽宁高考标准范文) Dont_miss_the_chance of showing your talent.不要错过你展示才艺的

17、机会。6(2014陕西高考满分作文) Welcome_to_our_school and take part in the activities.欢迎来我们学校参加这些活动。7. (2014浙江高考满分作文)One_more_hour and Ill get the work finished.再多给我一个小时我就会把这项工作做完。8(2014安徽高考满分作文)So just dont_be_so_worried_about_it_and try your best to solve it.因此不要担心，尽力去解决它。.短文改错I would just like say a big thank

18、 you to the kind gentleman and another couple whom helped me on Canterbury Road, on March 16.When I fall from my bicycle on my way home, both he and another couple stopped their cars to see that I was all right and helped me up. The gentleman got me into his car and brought myself home, right to the

19、 front door, make me deeply touched. Besides for some slight injury to my legs, my arm was broken serious and required an operation.Without the help from these selfish people, I would have been in a much worse mess. There are good person about and I thank you all most sincerely.答案：第一句：say 前加 to; whomwho第二句：fallfell; thatif/whether第三句：myselfme; makemaking第四句：去掉 for; seriousseriously第五句：selfishselfless第六句：personpersons