2019年外研版英语必修4学案:Module 6 Section Ⅲ 情态动词+have done的用法
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1、Section_ Grammar 情态动词 have done 的用法语法图解探究发现Many people think the monster may be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland.They also think that there might be similar creatures in other lakes around the world.But in China, the idea of the dragon may have come from the alligator.You might
2、have given your parents more help earlier.It must have rained last night, for the road was quite muddy.He cant have forgotten it, for he talked about it yesterday.You ought to/should have done the job more carefully.You oughtnt to/shouldnt have asked such a foolish question.我的发现(1)句表示可能性的推测,意为“可能,也许
3、”。(2)句表示对过去发生的事情的推测,意为“可能已经 ”。(3)句表示对过去事情的很有把握的肯定推测,意为“肯定做过某事 ”,而句则表示对过去发生事情的有把握的否定推测,意为“不可能做过某事”。(4)句表示“过去本应该做却未做的事”,句则表示“ 过去本不该做却做了的事”。1may/might have done sth.表示对过去行为的推测,意为“也许/或许已经做过某事”,might 可能性更小,主要用于肯定句和否定句中。John isnt at home. I think he may/might have gone to school.约翰不在家,我想他可能去上学了吧。You might
4、 have read about it in the papers.你可能已经在报纸上看到这个消息了。名师点津 might have done 有时表示 “本来可以做的事而实际上没有做”,含有 “劝告,责备”的语气。You might have been more careful.你本来可以多加小心的。2must have done sth.表示对过去发生的事或行为的肯定推测,意为“一定做过某事”,只用于肯定句中。He reasoned that since she had not answered his letter she must have left here.他推断,由于她没有给他回
5、信,她一定是已经离开这里了。名师点津 含有 must have done 结构的反意疑问句中,若有表示过去的时间状语,反意疑问部分用“didnt主语?”;若没有表示过去的时间状语,反意疑问部分则用“havent/hasnt主语?”。They must have gone there last night, didnt they?他们昨晚一定是去那里了,不是吗?They must have been to the Great Wall, havent they?他们一定去过长城,不是吗?3can/could have done sth.是对过去的推测,表示 “可能做过某事”,主要用于否定句和疑问
6、句中。could 语气较委婉,肯定句中一般用 could 不用 can。Mr Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 Where can they have gone? They could have gone to the cinema.他们能去哪里呢?他们可能去电影院了。名师点津 could have done sth.还可表示过去本可以完成而实际上未完成的动作。You could have done better, but you w
7、ere too careless.你本来可以做得更好,但你太粗心了。即时演练 1(1)用适当的情态动词填空(2016浙江高考)George cant have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.We are very worried about Tom. Why hasnt he come back?Dont worry. He may/might have been caught in a traffic jam.How did you do in the test?Not so well. I could have done much better
8、 but I misread the directions.The streets are wet. It must have rained last night. (2)完成句子你不可能买一辆这么昂贵的车。你肯定是从一个富朋友那里借的。You couldnt_have_bought such an expensive car.You must_have_borrowed it from a rich friend.我本来可以帮助你的,但那时我太忙了。I could_have_helped_you,_but I was too busy then.房间里的灯还亮着,所以他不可能出去了。The
9、light in his room is still on, so he cant_have_gone_out.我房间里的手机找不到了。有可能被我姐姐拿走了。I cant find my mobile phone in my room.It might/may_have_been_taken_away by my elder sister.4ought to/should have done 表示过去本来应该做某事(而实际上并没有做),意为“理应做 ,本来应该做”,常表示遗憾; ought not to/shouldnt have done 表示“过去本来不应该做某事(而实际上做了 )”,含有
10、指责对方或自责的意味。The flowers have died. I should have watered them often.这些花儿都死了。我本来应该常给它们浇水的。(其实没浇水,表示遗憾)You ought not to have told them the truth.你本不应该告诉他们真相的。(其实你告诉他们了,含有责备的意味)5neednt have done sth.表示 “本来不必做某事(实际上已经做了)”; need have done sth.表示 “本来需要做某事(实际上未做)”I neednt have bought so much wine only five
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