2019年外研版英语必修4学案：Module 5 Section Ⅲ 复习情态动词

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1、Section_ Grammar_复习情态动词语法图解探究发现They could go anywhere they wished.We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda.We shouldnt waste a drop of water.It may be true.He might have a fever.Since it is raining, we have to stay indoors.We must learn English well.Must you listen to the loud music at n

2、ight?我的发现(1)句中情态动词表示“有能力做某事”。(2)句中，情态动词表示“不应该( 做某事)”。(3)句中情态动词表示“推测”。(4)句中，黑体部分均表示“必须”，但 must 多表示主观意志，而 have_to 多强调客观上的需要。(5)句中 must 意为“偏要，硬要”，常常表示质问或不耐烦。情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，本身不能单独作谓语，必须和不带 to的不定式( 即动词原形)连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。1can 和 could (could 是 can 的过去式，语气更委婉)(1)表示能力。He can use the computer skillfull

3、y now, but he couldnt last year.他现在能熟练使用电脑了，但去年他不会。(2)表示可能性(肯定句中表示 “一时的可能性”), 可译为“有可能；有时会”。Training by oneself in a gym can be highly dangerous.一个人在体育馆训练有时会很危险的。(3)表示许可。Can/Could I have a look at your new pen?Yes, you can./No, you cant.我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？可以。/不可以。名师点津 can 表示允许时，在疑问句中用 could 更委婉，在回答中一律用 can

4、。(4)can/could 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑，译为 “可能”。That cant be Mary shes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽她在住院。Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?有人在敲门，可能是谁呢？(5)cant 与 enough 或 too 连用，表示“再也不为过”。You cant be careful enough.你再细心也不为过。(6)can 与 be able to 的区别。can 表示“能力”时，只有 can 与 could 两种形式，仅表示具备的能力，不说明是否实施了努力。be able

5、 to 表示 “能力”时，可以用于各种时态， be able to 用于过去时态表能力时，侧重指经过努力而成功做到某事。The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out.大火在整个宾馆内蔓延开来，但每个人都成功逃出来了。即时演练 1选词填空：can, could, couldnt, be able to(2017北京高考改编)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shel

6、f.(2016天津高考改编)It was really annoying; I couldnt get access to the data bank you had recommended.(2015浙江高考改编)It was so noisy that we couldnt hear ourselves speak.(2014北京高考改编)Can I have a word with you? It wont take long.I was_able _to swim to the bank after the boat turned over.2may 和 might(1)表示允许或征询

7、对方许可，might 表示更加委婉的语气。(有时可与 can/could 互换)May I watch TV after supper?Yes, you may./No, you mustnt.晚饭后我可以看电视吗？是的，可以。/不可以。否定回答时，用 cant 或 mustnt，不用 couldnt。(2)表示可能性，might 可能性更小。They might be having a meeting, but Im not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不确定。(3)may 放在句首可以表示祝愿。May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！(4)may/might as well

8、动词原形，意为“不妨”。If that is the case, you might as well try.如果事情是这样的，你不妨一试。即时演练 2 用适当的情态动词填空(2015陕西高考改编)You may feel all the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.(2015江西高考改编)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest might become the richest.Are you comi

9、ng to Jeffs party? Im not sure. I might go to the concert instead.May I smoke in this room?No, you mustnt.3must 与 have to(1)二者均表示“必须”，但 must 是指说话人的主观看法，而 have to 则强调客观需要。must 用于一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。I have to wait here because I have no umbrella with me.我不得不在这儿等，因为我没带伞。(强调客观需要)I must recite the te

10、xt this morning.今天早上我必须背会这篇课文。(强调主观意志)(2)must 所构成的疑问句，回答的否定形式通常为 neednt 或 dont have to，意为“不必要”，“不用”，而一般不说 mustnt (表示“禁止”)。Must we hand in our exercise books today?Yes, you must./No, you dont have to/you neednt.我们今天必须交上练习册吗？是的，必须交上。/不，没必要。You mustnt smoke here.你绝不能在这吸烟。(3)must 常表示有根据的、比较确定的推测(只用于肯定的陈

11、述句) ，译为“一定，必定”。Your mother must be waiting for you now.你的母亲现在一定在等着你。(4)must 表示“偏要，偏偏”。Why must you always interrupt me?你为什么非要一直打断我呢？即时演练 3 选词填空：must, neednt, have to(2015北京高考改编)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really must go now. My daughter is home alone.(2015四川高考改编)You must be car

12、eful with the camera. It costs!Must I turn down the radio now?No, you neednt.My brother was ill, so I had_to call a doctor in.4shall 和 should(1)shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句，用来表示征询对方意见或请求指示。Shall I open the window?你要我打开窗子吗？Manager, someone is waiting for you. Shall he come in？ 经理，有人在等你，他可以进来吗？(2)shall 用于第二、三人称

13、的陈述句，表示说话人的意愿，有“允诺”，“警告”，“命令”，“强制”，“威胁”等意思。You shall get what you want if you behave well.如果你表现好的话，你就会得到你想要的东西。(表示允诺)He shall be sorry for it one day; I tell you.有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。(表示警告)(3)should 有时可用于某些从句中，表示说话人惊奇、失望等感情色彩，常译为“竟然，怎么会”。I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.他竟然对你这样无理，真让我吃

14、惊。(4)should 作为 shall 的过去式，用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句，且多用于间接引语中，以征求对方的意见。Mr Lee asked if he should get his visa on time.李先生问能否按时拿到签证。(5)should 表示很大的可能性，多指预期的事，常译为 “按道理说应该”。It should be Mike who has taken away all the materials.应该是迈克拿走了所有的材料。即时演练 4 完成句子(2014江苏高考改编)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves,

15、should_bring_me_food.他们这么穷竟然还带食物给我，这使我很难过。What shall_we_do this evening?今天晚上我们做什么呢？You_shall_fail if you dont work hard.如果你不努力工作，你就会失败。Dont worry, you_shall_get _the_answer this afternoon.别着急，今天下午你就可得到答复了。I asked the teacher if I_should_have_one_day_off.我问老师我能否请一天假。5will 和 would(1)表示请求、建议，would 比 wi

16、ll 更委婉客气。Would/Will you pass me the ball, please?你可以把球传给我吗？(2)表示意志、愿望和决心，would 用于过去的情况。I will help you if you meet with trouble.如果你有麻烦，我乐意帮你。She said that she would try her best to help us.她说过她愿意尽自己最大努力来帮我们。(3)will 表示规律，意为“注定会”，过去时用 would。You will regret forever if you lose this golden chance.如果错过这次

17、好机会，你注定会终生后悔的。(4)would 表示过去的习惯性动作；而 used to 表示过去常常做某事，强调现在不是这样了。Each time his mothers birthday came, he would buy her a present.每次到他母亲生日的时候，他都要给她买一件礼物。(表示过去的习惯)My father used to go to the office by bike when he was young.我父亲年轻的时候总是骑车去上班。(现在不是这样了)即时演练 5 选词填空：will, would, used to(2014四川高考改编)I still re

18、member my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends.Whenever I was in trouble, he would help me.I used_to drink coffee, but now I drink green tea.Fish will die without water.6need 和 dare(1)need 作情态动词时，表示“需要；必须”；dare 表示“ 敢，敢于”。常用于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形，否定形式分别为 need not 和 dare no

19、t。You neednt answer him the question immediately.你不必立即回答他这个问题。Need we make the test?Yes, we must./No, we neednt.我们需要做这个试验吗？是的，需要。/不，不需要。If he dare go, Ill go with him.如果他敢去，我就跟去。(2)need 和 dare 常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，后面可接带 to 的不定式。You dont need to be told twice.不必告诉你两遍。Tom didnt dare to do it.汤姆不敢做那件事。7

20、had better表示“最好”，使用时常缩写为d better, 无人称和数的变化，其否定式一般把 not放在 had better 之后。Youd better get some sleep.你最好睡一会儿。即时演练 6 完成句子(2017天津高考改编)My room is a mess, but I neednt_clean_it (不必打扫) before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.(2016北京高考改编)I love the weekend, because I_neednt_get_up_early (不必早起) on

21、Saturdays and Sundays.(2014重庆高考改编)Ive ordered some pizza, so we_neednt_worry_about_cooking (没有必要担心做饭的事情) when we get home tired.He didnt_dare_to/dared_not _tell_his_father (不敢告诉他父亲) about it.You_had_better _set_down_your_idea (你最好把你的想法写下来) before you forget it.用适当的情态动词填空1Since you have finished your

22、 work, there is no point in staying any longer; you may as well go home.2You can keep the book for a month. After that you must return it on time.3The boy could speak three languages when he was 12 years old.4It never occurred to me that she should lie to me again.5No student shall go out of the sch

23、ool campus after 10：00 at night without permission according to the school regulations.6You neednt get the machine repaired this week. I wont need it until next month.7It couldnt be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.8Lucy doesnt mind lending y

24、ou her dictionary.She neednt. Ive already borrowed one.9I really cant thank you enough. Its been an amazing day！ 10She dare not go out alone at night.单句写作1(2015全国卷满分作文) You_can_also_write_something_about students daily life. The length of the article should_be_limited to 400 words or so. 你也可以写一些关于学生

25、日常生活方面的文章，文章的长度应限制在 400 词左右。2(2015四川高考范文)You_should_keep_in_mind_that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.你应该记住，经常和你的同学交换意见是提高你学习的很好的方式。3(2015浙江高考满分范文) We_may_have_different_opinions in organizing class activities.在组织班级活动方面我们可能有不同的意见。4(2015广东高考满分范文)Whe

26、n it comes to my class, I_have_to_say that I cant stand some classmates selfishness.当提到我们班的时候，我不得不说我实在忍受不了有些同学的自私。5(2014安徽高考满分作文)What I want you to realize is that everybody_may_have_such_an_unpleasant_period.我想让你知道的是每个人或许都会有这样一段不愉快的时期。6(2014江西高考满分作文) You_should_create a good learning atmosphere, wh

27、ich can_benefit_you_a_lot.你应该创造一种良好的学习氛围，这能让你受益匪浅。.短文改错Yesterday I stopped at a traffic signal. As I waited for the lights to turn green, a boy approached to me. He was holding a bunch of pens and asks me to buy some. I told him I didnt need some. He explained they were very cheaply. I saw him going

28、 to others and no one bought his pens. My friend, that was with me, suggested giving the boy some money, so she wouldnt bother us. I did give him money by buying two of his pen. I explained my friend that the boy was trying to help his family by doing something. This I thought was well worth praised.答案：第二句：去掉第二个 to第三句：asksasked第四句：someany第五句：cheaply cheap第六句：andbut第七句：that who; shehe第八句：penpens第九句：explain 后加 to第十句：praisedpraising