2019年外研版英语选修8学案：Module 2 Section Ⅱ

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1、Section_ Introduction that is, the news disturbed all of them.6.motivate v激发；激励串记 It is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. The stronger the motivation, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.二、这样记短语记牢固定短语 多积常用词块1.more than 不仅仅2begin with 以开始3as if 好像4wake up 唤醒

2、，醒来5look forward 展望未来6contrast with 与形成对照7hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联8compared with 与比较起来9for the first time 第一次10in short 总之，简而言之11for all time 永远1.at that time 那时2with the arrival of the first Europeans 随着第一批欧洲人的到来3an age of exploration 一个探索的时代4open new frontiers 打开新领域5a time of scientific invention 科学发

3、明的时代6carry a notebook with him 随身携带笔记本7do scientific research 进行科学研究8an extraordinary genius 非凡的天才9the beginning of the modern world现代世界史的开端三、这样记句式先背熟 再悟通 后仿用1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting .它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表主句属于“Sth./Sb. is believed to do/be .”句型，该句

4、型常改写成“It is believed that .”或“People believe that .”。That girl is_believed_to_be the most beautiful in our school.那个女孩是我们学校公认的校花。2.It was as if Europe was waking up after the long sleep of the Middle Ages.仿佛欧洲在经历了中世纪的长眠之后，就要苏醒过来了。as if “仿佛，好像 ”，在句中引导表语从句。It looks as_if_theyre_looking_for_something.他

5、们看起来好像在找什么东西。3.Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light .画家们发现了怎样利用透视和光的作用“特殊疑问词不定式”结构在句中作 discover 的宾语。I am thinking about how_to_deal_with_the_problem.我正在考虑怎样处理这个问题。4.After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value co

6、mpared with the greatness of God .几个世纪以来，哲学家们都持有中世纪的世界观，认为与上帝的伟大相比人的生命很渺小“of抽象名词”结构常用来描述人或事物的特征，在句中作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语。The advice is of_great_value for us to learn English.这个建议对我们学习英语很有价值。1(教材 P15)I find it mysterious, and perhaps even a little disturbing .我发觉它很神秘，或许甚至有一点让人不安disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的dis

7、turb v 打扰，扰乱disturbed adj. 被打扰的，担心的disturbingly adv. 令人不安地disturbance n. 扰乱，打扰；骚乱；心神不定He told us to keep quiet for fear that we might disturb others.他让我们保持安静，以免打扰别人。A loud and disturbing (disturb) noise came from upstairs.楼上传来了响亮且使人烦躁的声音。She was disturbed (disturb) to hear you had been injured in th

8、e accident.听到你在事故中受了伤她感到不安。辨析比较 disturb, interruptdisturb “打扰，妨碍；扰乱”，常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生interrupt “中断，打断”，常指中断别人正在做的事情选用上述单词填空It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.Im sorry to disturb you so late, but my cars broken down.2(教材 P15)The effect of the light, the combination of light and sh

9、ade, is astonishing.光线效果以及光线阴影结合效果令人吃惊。effect n效果；作用(1)have an effect on/upon 对产生影响cause and effect 因果bring/put sth. into effect 实施计划，落实想法，使生效come into effect/take effect 开始生效/起作用in effect 实际上，事实上be of no effect 无效，无用side effect 副作用(2)effective adj. 有效的，起作用的If they often cheat in the exams, they wil

10、l form a bad habit, which will have a bad effect on their life.如果他们经常在考试时作弊，他们会形成一个坏习惯，这将会对他们的生活有坏的影响。The new timetable will come into effect tomorrow.新的时刻表明天生效。In the short term, the medicine may not be very effective (effect)从眼前来看，这种药效果可能不是很好。3(教材 P16)But there is one work which, perhaps more than

11、 any other, expresses the spirit of the Renaissance .但有一件作品可能比其他的任何作品都更能表达文艺复兴的精神more than 以上，多于；不仅仅，不止；非常，十分；难以，超过所能一词多义 写出下列句中 more than 的含义I assure you I am more than glad to help you.非常，十分With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes”or “No” reply.(2017浙江高考)不仅仅，不止I have been active in

12、 politics for more than twenty years.以上，多于The beauty of the mountain is more than I can describe.难以，超过所能more . than . 与其说倒不如说less than 少于He is more lucky than clever.与其说他聪明不如说他幸运。I have been in this city for less_than a year.我在这个城市住了不到一年。名师点津 more than one n.在意义上为复数，作主语时谓语动词为单数。More than one house w

13、as (be) burnt down in the fire.多间房屋在大火中被焚毁。4(教材 P17)The sense of exploration which motivated the artists went hand in hand with a new type of philosophy.这种激励艺术家的探索意识与一种新的哲学携手共进。motivate v激发，激励(1)motivate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；促使某人做某事(2)motivated adj. 有积极性的motivation n. 动机，目的She said, “Competitions

14、can motivate a student to seek more knowledge.”她说：“竞争能促使学生去追求更多的知识。”A highly motivated (motivate) child can learn almost anything.一个积极性高的孩子几乎可以学会任何事情。Repeated success leads to increased motivation (motivate)!不断成功使动力增加！1It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that am

15、azed people when it was first used.它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种绘画风格首次被使用就使人们惊叹不已。(1)主句属于“Sth./Sb. is believed to do/be .”句型，该句型常改写成“It is believed that .”(据信/认为 )或“People believe that .(人们相信/ 认为) ”。另外，在上述句型中，不定式可用一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)、完成式(to have done)三种形式。Hard work is believed to lead to succes

16、s. It is believed that hard work can lead to success.People believe that hard work can lead to success.人们相信艰苦工作就能成功。Land animals are believed to_have_developed (develop) from sea animals.陆地动物被认为是由海洋动物进化而来的。(2)除 believe 外，用于此句型的词还有： say, think, report, estimate, suggest, know, report等。Thirteen is sai

17、d to be an unlucky number.People_say _that thirteen is an unlucky number.It_is_said_that thirteen is an unlucky number.据说 13 是一个不吉利的数字。2After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value compared with the greatness of God, philosophers began asking

18、questions like “What is a person？” or “Why am I here？”几个世纪以来，哲学家们都持有中世纪的世界观，认为与上帝的伟大相比人的生命很渺小，现在他们开始提出诸如“人为何物？”以及“我为何存在？”这样的问题。本句中含有“of抽象名词” 结构，该结构常用来描述人或事物的特征，在句中作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语。常见类型有：(1)beof抽象名词，相当于 be形容词。能用于该结构的名词有：value, use, help, importance, difference 等，这些名词前可用 great, no, little, some, any, no

19、t much 等修饰，以表示不同程度。The book he gave me is of great use.The book he gave me is very useful.他给我的那本书很有用。We consider his work to be _of_great_value.We consider his work to be very valuable.我们觉得他的工作很有价值。(2)beofsize/weight/ height/age/colour/opinion/width/length/type，etc.名词前一般加不定冠词或 the same。The two boys

20、are_of_the_same_age.这两个男孩年龄相同。Coins may be of different sizes, weights and shapes.钱币从大小、重量到形状可能各不相同。.单句语法填空1The conference has been held to discuss the effect of global warming on the environment.2Not getting on well with your classmates can be a disturbing (disturb) experience.3This new discovery o

21、f oil is of great significance (significant) to this areas economy. 4It is believed that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.5The students were motivated to_make (make) greater progress.6Learning a language is certainly more than just memorizing words, phrases and structures.完

22、成句子1He is more_than _our_teacher (不仅仅是我们的老师); he is also our friend.2It was believed to_be_the_greatest_invention (是最伟大的发明) at that time.3It seemed as_if_Tom_had_known_the_truth (好像汤姆已经知道真相了 )4He gave me some advice, which_is_of_great_help_to_my_study (这对我的学习很有帮助)5We started a discussion about how_t

23、o_learn_grammar_more_efficiently (如何更高效地学好语法) 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1I was deeply disturbed (打扰) and depressed by the news that Tom hadnt won the game. 2Theres a great need for a new book on the subject (主题)3Were it not for music, life would be dull (枯燥的)4It is well known that alcoholic drink can have

24、a bad effect (影响) on your body. 5Your support has always given me added inspiration and motivation (动机)6Demand for skilled (有技巧的，熟练的 ) workers is high; but there is no demand for unskilled ones.7The young writer learned a great deal from the works (著作) by masters in literature.8We were so worn out a

25、fter the long walk in the sun that I suggested a rest in the shade (阴凉处) 9Basically (大致说来), I agree with your advice on the plan. But there are a few details Id like to discuss with you.10The frontiers (新领域) of medical knowledge are being pushed forwards as time goes on.单句改错1He said he graduated fro

26、m Oxford, while in the effect, he never went to college.去掉 the2Youll find this map of great valuable in helping you to get round London.valuablevalue 或去掉 of3She said to have been teaching English for over twenty years.said 前加 is4It is generally accepted that people motivated by success.motivated 前加

27、are5More than one person have made this suggestion.havehas.选词填空take effect， wake up， hand in hand， contrast with， in short， more than， as if， compared with1.This idea hit me when I woke_up this morning. 2In_short,_the solution to all our problems lies in economic development. 3Compared_with a quite

28、ordinary star, like the sun, the earth is small indeed.4What he did contrasted clearly with what he said.5The changes will not take_effect until the computer restarts.6The teachers and students are having a concert hand_in_hand.7She looked as _if nothing had happened to her. 8It took them more_than

29、one billion dollars to complete the project.课文语法填空The Renaissance, a French word 1.meaning (mean) “rebirth”， first appeared in the English language in the 19th century. It described a period of 2.exploration (explore) and the beginning of the modern world. From Italy，it 3.spread (spread) all over Eu

30、rope 4.where artists found new ideas for their work in classical Greece and Rome. They also opened new frontiers in the arts such as painters use of perspective and the effects of light. The sense of exploration which 5.motivated (motivate) the artists also developed together 6.with a new type of ph

31、ilosophy. Besides, it was also a time of scientific 7.invention (invent), when Leonardo, the extraordinary genius, did a lot in the 8.scientific (science) research. 9.In short, the Renaissance made great 10.contributions (contribute) to the development of Europe.串点成篇微表达李老师不仅(more than)是我的老师，也是我的朋友。他

32、经常激励(motivate)我努力学习。然而，我上次考试不及格，这使我感到不安(disturbed)，我也因此失眠。几天后，李老师叫我课后去他的办公室，在那儿，他并没有批评我而是帮助我分析如何改正错误(how to do)。我想有李老师帮助我，我下次考试能考得好一些。Mr_Li_is_more_than_my_teacher,_he_is_also_my_friend.He_often_motivates_me_to_work_hard.However,_I_failed_in_the_last_exam,_which_made_me_disturbed_and_I_suffered_from

33、_the_effects_of_little_sleep.A_few_days_later,_Mr_Li_asked_me_to_go_to_his_office_after_class,_where_he_didnt_criticize_me_but_helped_me_analyze_how_to_correct_my_mistakes.I_think_I_can_do_better_in_the_next_exam_with_Mr_Li_helping_me.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Thinking “Out of the Box”Long ago in an Itali

34、an town, a merchant had the misfortune of owing much money to a moneylender. The moneylender，old and ugly, _1_ the merchants beautiful daughter, so he put forward a bargain. He said he would _2_ the merchants debt if he could marry the daughter. Both the merchant and his daughter were frightened by

35、the _3_.The moneylender said he would put a black and a white pebbles (石子) into a(n) _4_ bag. The girl would then have to _5_ one pebble from the bag. If she got the black pebble, she would become the moneylenders _6_ and her fathers debt would be forgiven. If she got the white pebble, she neednt ma

36、rry him and her fathers debt would _7_ be forgiven. But if she _8_ to pick a pebble， her father would be thrown into prison.As they walked, the moneylender _9_ to pick up two pebbles from the pebblecovered path. However, the sharpeyed girl _10_ that he had put two black pebbles into the bag. He then

37、 _11_ the girl to pick her pebble from the bag.The girl thought for a while and put her hand into the bag and _12_ a pebble. Without looking at it, she missed and let it _13_ the path where it immediately became _14_ among all the other pebbles.“Oh, how _15_ of me，” she said. “But never mind. If you

38、 look into the bag for the one that is _16_， you will be able to _17_ which pebble I picked.”Since the remaining pebble is black, it must be _18_ that she had picked the white one. Since the moneylender dared not admit his _19_， the girl changed what seemed an impossible situation into a(n) _20_ one

39、 by thinking about it in a different way.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一位聪明的姑娘利用自己的智慧帮助父亲摆脱债务，也使自己免于不幸的故事。由此启发我们每个难题都有解决的办法，不过需要我们从另一个方面去思考。1A.believed BattractedCemployed Dfancied解析：选 D 根据下文“He said he would _2_ the merchants debt if he could marry the daughter.”可知 fancied(爱慕) 符合语境。2A.meet BforgetCowe Dcollect解析

40、：选 B 根据下文中“her fathers debt would _7_ be forgiven (她父亲的债务会被豁免) ”可知 forget 符合语境。3A.suggestion BargumentCblame Dchallenge解析：选 A 根据语境，商人和他的女儿都对放债者的提议感到害怕。上文中的“put forward a bargain”也有提示。4A.beautiful BexpensiveCmagical Dempty解析：选 D 下文提到：放到袋子里的石子有两个，剩下的那个是“黑的”，掉到地上的那个就是“白的”。由此判断在装入两个石子之前，袋子是空的。5A.pick Bc

41、hangeCrecognize Dbuy解析：选 A 从下文叙述的故事来看，放债者让商人的女儿从袋子中“取出”了一块石子，而非变换或辨认等。6A.sister BfriendCrelative Dwife解析：选 D 上文提到放债者要商人的女儿嫁给他，所以如果拿到了黑石子，就要成为他的妻子。7A.still BthusCeven Dagain解析：选 A 下文的 But 与上文两个 If 开头的句子是转折关系。两个 If 开头的句子之间为并列关系，且有“her fathers debt would _7_ be forgiven”可知此处填 still。8A.regretted BtriedC

42、hoped Drefused解析：选 D 放债者提出的交易包含三个方面，此处描述的是“拒绝”取石子的情况。如果她拒绝取石子，她的父亲就会被送进监狱。9A.stood up Bwent forwardCbent over Dsat down解析：选 C 上文的“As they walked”以及后面的“pick up”可以判断：放债者“俯身”拾起两个石子来。10A.guessed BnoticedCunderstood Dpredicted解析：选 B 结合故事情境，根据上文的 sharpeyed 判断，女孩“发现”放债者拾起两个黑石子来，故选 noticed。11A.asked Bprefer

43、redChelped Dled解析：选 A 放债者要求女孩取石子。12A.threw away Bturned overCdrew out Dpointed at解析：选 C 和上文的“put her hand into the bag”对比，此处指从袋子里 “取出”一个石子。13A.fall onto Bmove offCslide into Droll along解析：选 A 从下文的故事发展来看，石子掉到路面上，和其他的石子混合在了一起，故用“fall onto” 。14A.white BdistinctClost Dcommon解析：选 C 石子落到地面的石子堆里，当然看不到掉下去的是

44、哪一个。lost 最符合语境。15A.ridiculous BclumsyCfortunate Ddisappointed解析：选 B 女孩故意说自己 “笨拙(clumsy) ”，把挑出的石子“掉到了地上”。16A.left BwantedCchosen Ddiscovered解析：选 A 此处是女孩告诉放债者， “如果你看看袋子里剩下的那块石子，就能知道我取出的是哪块石子了。”17A.doubt BtellCremember Dexplain解析：选 B tell 意为“辨识，区别 ”，含有推理判断得出结论的意义，符合语境。18A.expected BappointedCguaranteed

45、 Dassumed解析：选 D assumed 表示通过“假定”得出某结论，符合语境。19A.dishonesty BanxietyCuncertainty Dpuzzle解析：选 A 根据整个故事情节，尤其是放债者自己提出的“建议”和“装入两个黑石子”的行为判断，这位放债者“不诚实”，而此时他是不敢承认的。20A.serious BadventurousCadvantageous Ddangerous解析：选 C 和上文的 impossible 一词比较，此处选用 advantageous 表示把不利形势变成了对女孩有利的形势。.短文改错Childrens Center lies in ea

46、st of Shanghai. It covers an area of 80,000 square meters and contain a number of magnificent buildings. Among the parks trees there are a science hall, an art centre, a gym, a colorful greenhouse, a music fountain, a childrens bookstore and various entertainment equipment.Since it was set up ten ye

47、ars ago, the Childrens Center has received over 10 millions visitors both from Shanghai and from other part of the country. Every Sunday morning, children gather at the center. There are too many of them that they crowd the parks equipment. Climbing here and there, they fill the park in their laughter. How I wish that every city has such an fine Childrens Center for kids.答案：第一句：in 后加 the第二句：containcontains第三句：areis; musicmusical第四句：millionsmillion; partparts第六句：tooso第七句：inwith第八句：hashad; ana