2019年外研版英语选修8学案：Module 2 Section Ⅰ

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1、 A hidden portrait underneath (在下面) the “Mona Lisa” has been discovered by a French scientist, who said he uncovered the image using reflective light technology. The digitally reconstructed image of the hidden portrait was presented at a press conference by scientist Pascal Cotte, whos been analyzin

2、g the Leonardo da Vincis masterpiece for over a decade. Cotte said he uncovered the image using a camera that took images of the painting under intense light.The hidden portrait showed a sitting figure that looks almost the same as the “Mona Lisa.” There are small but great differences. The sitter i

3、n the image appears to be looking to the side rather than directly at the viewer, and the sitter does not seem to have the smile that has attracted “Mona Lisa”viewers for over 500 years.Cotte also said that his findings challenged the widely accepted theory that the “Mona Lisa” is a painting of a re

4、al life Italian woman Lisa Gheradini in the 16th century. “The results change our vision of Leonardos masterpiece forever，” he said. “When I finished the reconstruction of Lisa Gherardini, I was in front of the portrait, and she is totally different to Mona Lisa today. This is not the same woman.”In

5、 a recent documentary, art historian, Andrew GrahamDixon, said he studied historical documents linked to the “Mona Lisa” alongside Cottes findings and came to the same conclusion as Cotte.“I think the new discoveries are like a huge stone thrown into the still water of art history，”GrahamDixon said.

6、“They disturb everything that we thought that we knew about the Mona LisaThere may be some reluctance (不情愿) on the part of the authorities to think about changing the title of the painting because thats what were talking about. Its Goodbye, Mona Lisa. She is somebody else.”The Louvre Museum declined

7、 to comment on the findings, saying it was not a part of the scientific team that studied the painting. Other art historians remain doubtful about the claims that Cottes findings could prove the “Mona Lisa” was someone else rather than Lisa Gheradini.Section_ Introduction composers put different voi

8、ces together and created 29 polyphony (“many voices”); architects preferred designing buildings with more light which 30 31 contrasted with the heaviness of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages. 32 33 The sense of exploration which motivated the artists went hand in hand with a new 34 35 36 type

9、 of philosophy. After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was 37 considered of little value compared with the greatness of God ， philosophers began asking 38 39 questions like “What is a person？” or “Why am I here？ ” For the first time, they put people, not religion, at

10、the centre of the universe.classical adj.古典的，古典艺术的 26 classic 古典的，传统的；典型的，经典的look forward 展望未来 27 look forward to 期待，盼望(to 为介词)frontier/frntI/n.新领域 28 perspective/pspektIv/n.透视(画) 法；透视效果；透视感 29 polyphony/plIfni/n.复调音乐 (作品) 30 prefer v宁愿 (选择)，更喜欢( 后可接动名词或不定式) 31 contrast v causing worry2dull Bnot bri

11、ght or clear; lacking interest3disturbing Cdarkness or coolness caused by sth.; blocking direct light or heat4basically Dto be in the reason for; to make sb.want to do sth.5shade Ehaving enough ability; skillful6effect F a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon7motivate Ga

12、 thing or person that is being discussed, described or dealt with8skilled Hin the most important ways, without considering things that are less important15 _ 68 _答案：15 GBAHC 68 FDELeadinDo you like painting? Can you name some famous painters at home and abroad?Look at the following pictures and find

13、 out who paint them.1Xu_Beihong 2.Van_GoghWhilereading Fastreading()Whats the general idea of the passage?The_meaning_of_Renaissance,_the_representative_figures_and_their_works.()Skim the text and match each paragraph with their main ideas.1Para.1 A Renaissance artists formed the new ideas for paint

14、ing, music, and architecture.2Para. 2 BLeonardos influence on history.3Para. 3 CSomething that Leonardo did as a skilled inventor.4Para. 4 D The introduction of the Mona Lisa.5Para. 5 E The implication of the Renaissance.6Para. 6 FA change in ideas about religion.7Para. 7 G The development of trade

15、becomes one of the factors of the Renaissance.答案：15 DEGAF 67 CBCarefulreading()Choose the best answers according to the passage.1The Mona Lisa is believed to be _.Apainted in the years 15131516Bpainted by Leonardo da VinciCone of the best paintings in the RenaissanceDkept in China2The Renaissance _.

16、Ais not more than just Mona LisaBis an English wordCmeans “rebirth”Dfirst appeared in English in the 15th century3Which of the following shows the trade during the Renaissance?AEurope was getting fatter than before.BLeonardo worked for important people such as the Duke of Germany.CPeople couldnt aff

17、ord to buy the artists works or employ them.DRich people spent money on arts.4Which of the following is NOT true?APainters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light.BComposers put different voices together and created polyphony.CArchitects preferred to design buildings with more lig

18、ht.DThey looked back, too, by opening new frontiers in the arts.5Leonardo _.Ais not only the greatest painter but also a skilled inventorBis the Mona LisaCwas an ordinary geniusDhas been described as a Renaissance woman答案：15 BCDDA()Complete the following form according to the passage.Para.1The Renai

19、ssance refers to 14th to 16th century 1.Italy,_and the development of art, architecture, music and literature there. The famous painting, the Mona Lisa, is a good example of the Renaissance 2.spirit.The meaning of the RenaissancePara.2Renaissance means 3.“rebirth” in French, and it was used to show

20、that the Europeans had 4.woken_up after their long sleep in the long Middle Ages.The background of the RenaissancePara.3 International trade made the Europeans richer, so they had extra money to 5.spend on the arts.Para.4 Renaissance artists found new ideas for their work in classical 6.Greece_and_R

21、ome.Para.5The sense of 7.exploration motivated the artists with a new type of philosophy and they put 8.people at the center of the universe.Para.6 The Renaissance was a time of 9.scientific_invention. Da Vinci was one of the skilled inventors at that time.Achievements of the RenaissancePara.7Da Vin

22、ci, who was interested in everything and had many different talents, was a good example of “10.Renaissance_man”.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the passage.1It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelikestyle of painting that amazed people when it was first used.句式分

23、析It is believed to_be_the_best_example_. of painting主语 不定式作补语that_amazed_people when_it_was_first_used.定语从句 时间状语从句尝试翻译 它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种绘画风格首次被使用就使人们惊叹不已。2Wherever he went, he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas.句式分析尝试翻译 不管走到哪里，他都随身携带一个笔记本，以便随时记录下自己的想法。3They

24、 included detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and astonishing drawings of machines which were not to be built hundreds of years later, such as aeroplanes, parachutes, submarines and tanks.句式分析 本句是一个复合句； 主句中 They 是主语，astonishing 前面的 and 连接三个并列的宾语；whic

25、h 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 machines。尝试翻译 这些包括人体的细致素描、供工程师建造运河以及桥梁的设计以及一些令人震惊的成百上千年后才被造出来的机器制图，如飞机、降落伞、潜水艇以及坦克。.阅读理解AMichelangelo Buonarroti was born in Caprese, Italy on March 6,1475.He was still young when his family moved to Florence where Michelangelo grew up. His mother died when he was only six years old.

26、Growing up in Florence during the Italian Renaissance was the perfect stage of young Michelangelos life. Even as a child all he wanted to do was painting and to be an artist.At the age of thirteen, he went to learn from Domenico Ghirlandaio, who was not only a painter but also an artist. Michelangel

27、os talents became apparent as he worked for Domenico. Within a year or so Domenico sent him to the powerful Medici family to continue his training under the sculptor (雕刻家) Bertoldo di Geovanni. Michelangelo was able to work with some of the finest artists and philosophers of the time. During the nex

28、t few years, Michelangelo produced many famous sculptures including Madonna of the Steps, Battle of the Centaurs and Bacchus.In 1496 Michelangelo moved to Rome. A year later he was asked to make a sculpture called The Pieta. It would become one of the masterpieces of Renaissance art. Today this scul

29、pture sits in St. Peters Basilica in the Vatican. It is the only piece of art that Michelangelo signed.Michelangelos fame (名声) as a great artist began to grow. He returned to Florence and was asked to create a large statue of David. It took him a couple of years to finish the giant statue. The piece

30、 of marble (大理石) he began with was very tall and thin. Many people didnt think he could do much with it. He worked without letting anyone see it until it was finished. David became Michelangelos most famous work of art. It is thirteen feet tall and is the largest statue made since Ancient Rome. It i

31、s considered by many experts in art to be a nearly perfect sculpture. Today the statue sits at the Academy of Fine Arts in Florence, Italy.语篇解读：米开朗基罗博那罗蒂是意大利文艺复兴时期著名的艺术家，本文向我们介绍了一些他的生平事迹。1.What can we learn about Michelangelo as a young child?AHe lived a very hard life.BHe showed great interest in a

32、rt.CHe wanted to go to Florence very much.DHe didnt have much time to learn painting.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第一段的 “Even as a child all he wanted to do was painting and to be an artist.”可推断，米开朗基罗小时候就对艺术很感兴趣。2Michelangelo was sent to work under the sculptor Bertoldo di Geovanni most probably because_.AMichelan

33、gelo had lost his interest in paintingBDomenico didnt think Michelangelo had a gift for paintingCBertoldo di Geovanni offered to show Michelangelo sculpturesDDomenico wanted Michelangelo to make better use of his gift there解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Michelangelos talents became apparent as he worked . the

34、 sculptor (雕刻家) Bertoldo di Geovanni.”可推断，多梅尼科是为了米开朗基罗能更好地利用自己的天赋才把他送到 Bertoldo di Geovanni 那里去工作的。3What sculpture by Michelangelo will you see in St.Peters Basilica?ABacchus.BThe Pieta.CMadonna of the Steps .DBattle of the Centaurs.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第三段的 “A year later he was asked to make a sculpture

35、called The Pieta. It would become one of the masterpieces of Renaissance art. Today this sculpture sits in St. Peters Basilica in the Vatican.”可知，B 项符合题意。4When Michelangelo began his work on creating a large statue of David, many people_.Acouldnt wait to make fun of his workBthought he would finish

36、it within monthsCknew it would be his most famous work of artDdidnt think he would make good use of it解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “Many people didnt think he could do much with it.”可知，一开始很多人认为那块大理石不适合雕刻那个作品。BLeonardo da Vinci, the son of a local lawyer, was born on 15 April 1452 near the Tuscan town of Vinc

37、i. He was apprenticed (做学徒) to the sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio in Florence and in 1478 became an independent master. In about 1483, he moved to Milan to work for the ruling (统治的) Sforza family as an engineer, sculptor, painter and architect. Leonardo was in Milan until the city was in

38、vaded by the French in 1499 and the Sforza family was forced to flee. He may have visited Venice before returning to Florence. During his time in Florence, he painted several portraits, but the only one that survives is the famous portrait the Mona Lisa (15031506). In 1506, Leonardo returned to Mila

39、n, staying there until 1513.This was followed by three years living in Rome. In 1517, at the invitation of the French King Francis ， Leonardo moved to the Chateau of Cloux, near Amboise in France, where he died on 2 May, 1519.The fame of Leonardos surviving paintings means that he has been regarded

40、primarily as an artist, but the thousands of surviving pages of his notebooks show the most brilliant mind. He wrote and drew on subjects including geology, anatomy (解剖学), which he studied in order to paint the human form more exactly. He “invented” the bicycle, airplane, helicopter, and parachute s

41、ome 500 years ahead of their time. If all these works had been published in an understandable form, Leonardos place as a pioneering scientist would have been beyond debate. Yet his true genius was not as a scientist or an artist, but as a combination of the two: an artistengineer. His painting was s

42、cientific, based on a deep understanding of the workings of the human body and the physics of light and shade. His science was expressed through art, and his drawings and diagrams showed what he meant, and how he understood the world worked. 语 篇 解 读 ：本 文 介 绍 了 达 芬 奇 的 生 平 以 及 其 在 绘 画 、科 学 等 方 面 的 成

43、就 。5Leonardos career reached its peak probably during his stay in _.AMilan BVenice CFlorence DRome解析：选 C 推理判断题。从第二段最后一句可知，达 芬奇在佛罗伦萨期间创作了很多绘画，其中留下来的只有蒙娜丽莎，由此推断，这个时期是他事业的巅峰。6Why did Leonardo study anatomy?AHe wanted to be a doctor.BHe had strong interest in it.CHe wanted to invent other objects.DHe wa

44、nted to paint the human form exactly.解析：选 D 细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知，达 芬奇研究解剖学的目的是为了更加精确地描绘人体。7What does the last paragraph intend to tell us?ALeonardo had a special way of painting.BLeonardo was both an artist and a scientist.CLeonardo was an artist instead of a scientist.DLeonardo was more of a scientist th

45、an an artist.解析：选 B 段落大意题。综合文章最后一段，本段主要强调达芬奇是画家和科学家的融合，既是画家也是科学家。CIn the later half of the 13th century, a new trend of fine arts appeared in the central part of Italy with Florence as its centre, representing the change from fine arts of Middle Ages to Renaissance art.At that time, Florence school

46、became the main stream of fine arts.The 14th century saw the birth of a great artist Giotto.His art bore a striking tendency of Realism.For most people Giotto_is_the_first_name_in_European_painting_since_antiquity. That he had breathed fresh life into painting was recognised by people of the day, an

47、d later by Ghiberti and Vasari.Before Giotto, painting was still considered a “mechanical” art.Giotto came to occupy a position of great respect in Florence.Though he was employed by the Bardi and Peruzzi families, owners of the most important European banking houses of the day, he never limited his

48、 activity to Florence, and prestigious (声望很高的) commission in other parts of Italy kept him on the move frequently.At a time when Italys flourishing economy made every Italian city an independent cultural and artistic centre, Giotto went beyond regional barriers and the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛). In his lifetime Giotto has raised painting to a prestigious level among the arts, to such a high level that it influenced