2019年外研版英语选修8学案：Module 6 Section Ⅲ 情态动词

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1、Section_ Grammar_情态动词语法图解探究发现The topic of the poem cant be travel.It must be something more personal.It may be friendship.It might be the journey through life.Li Bai must have had a strange life.He cant have been interested in a normal life.He may have died when he fell out of a boat.You should read

2、 the poem sometime.Could you answer a few questions, please?I told her to stop singing, but she wouldnt listen.我的发现(1)句表示推测，其中句表示对过去所发生的事情的推测。(2)句表示说话人的意愿，意为“应该”，句表示请求 ，句表示意愿。一、情态动词表推测(一)情态动词表推测的三种句式1在肯定句中一般用 must(一定 )，may(可能)，might/could(也许，或许)。You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干了一整

3、天，一定累了。The thought that she might be ill annoyed him.想到她或许病了，他就不安。2否定句中用 cant/couldnt(不可能)，may not/might not( 可能不) 。If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。He said that I might not borrow his car.他说我可能不用借他的车。3疑问句中用 can/could(能？) 。Could he have finished th

4、e task?他可能把任务完成了吗？Can he be at home now?他现在能在家吗？即时演练 1 用适当的情态动词填空He must be ill. He looks so pale.He was afraid they might not agree with him, but I am not quite sure.It cant/couldnt be the headmaster. He has gone to America.Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?It may take a long time to f

5、ind a solution to the problem. (二)情态动词表推测的三种时态1对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词动词原形”。She must/may/might arrive before 5：00 pm.下午 5：00 前她一定/可能/也许到。2对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词be”“情态动词be doing”或“情态动词动词原形”。At this moment, our teacher must/may/might/could be correcting our exam papers.这时，我们老师一定/可能/也许在批改试卷。Mr. Bush is on time for

6、 everything. How can/could he be late for the opening ceremony?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？3对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词have过去分词 ”。I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我一定是睡着了。The door is locked. He can not have been at home.门锁着，他不可能在家。(三)情态动词表推测的特殊用法(1)can 除了表示推测，用于疑问句和否定句中外，还可以用于肯定句中，表示“在某段时间内一

7、时的可能性”。It can be quite windy there, especially in spring.那里有时容易刮风，特别在春季。(2)must 表示“一定，非得；偏要”，语气强烈。If you must ask for a leave today, you must give out your reason.如果今天你非要请假的话，你就得说出理由。即时演练 2(1)单句语法填空Listen, he must be_reading (read) English. Since nobody gave him any help, he must have_done (do) the

8、research on his own.It is important to know about the cultural differences that may cause (cause) problems.(2)选词填空(must/may/ might/can/cant) If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold. I havent decided where Im going

9、for my holiday. I may/might go to France. The story he told cant be true, because it is not reasonable. Can they finish this before the deadline? 二、should, could, would 的用法(一)could 的用法1表示过去一般的能力(即想做某事就随时可以做某事的能力) 。Could you speak English then?那时候你会说英语吗？名师点津 若表示过去的特定能力(即在过去特定场合做某事的能力)，则不能用could，而用 wa

10、s (were) able to do sth.或用 managed to do sth.或用 succeeded in doing sth.等。The fire was very big but everyone was able to escape from the building.火势很凶猛，但大家都逃了出来。2could 表示推测，表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。在肯定句中没有 must 那么有把握；在否定句中没有 cant 那么有把握。He couldnt be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。He could have gone home.他可能已回家了。3比较委婉客气地提

11、出问题或陈述看法。Could you drive me to the station? 你可以开车送我去车站吗？We could take the train or alternatively go by car. 我们可以坐火车去，也可以坐汽车去。4表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。How could he say such a thing!他竟说出这种话来！5could have done 表示“可能已经”。此外，它还可以表示“本能够做某事(而没有做) ”，暗含惋惜之情。You could have done better if you had been more careful.你要是再细心

12、一点，是可以做得更好的。(二)should 的用法1表示义务、建议、劝告，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。其同义词是 ought to。Every citizen should obey the law. 每个公民都应当遵守法律。You shouldnt waste any time.你不应该浪费时间。2表示推测：用于肯定句，表示按常规、常理的推测，意为“按理说应该”。The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors. 这部电影是一流演员主演的，应该拍得很好。If all goes according to plan

13、we should be in Shanghai tomorrow.如果一切按照预定的计划进行，明天我们就在上海了。3表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。It is a pity that he should miss such a golden opportunity.他竟错过如此大好机会，真可惜。4用于某些从句中表示虚拟语气。She suggested that they should book the ticket in advance. 她建议他们预先订票。5should have done sth.表示“本应该做某事(而事实上并没有做) ”。shouldnt

14、 have done sth.表示“ 本不该做某事(而事实上做了)”。You should have turned in your homework yesterday. 你们本该昨天交作业。(三)would 的用法1表示请求、建议等，would 比 will 委婉客气。在疑问句中用于第二人称。Would you please lend me your pencil? 请把铅笔借给我用用好吗？2表示意愿，在陈述语气和虚拟语气中都可用。He would not leave before he finished his work.他在完成工作以前不愿离开。3表示过去的习惯、例行的活动或过去的一种倾

15、向。He would sit at the table, deep in thought.他总是坐在桌边，陷入沉思。4用在虚拟语气的主句中。If you went to see him, he would be delighted.如果你去看他，他一定非常高兴。She would have come if she hadnt been so busy.要不是因为忙她就来了。即时演练 3(1)选词填空(could/should/would)I dont like fish, so I would not eat it unless I was extremely hungry.Every tim

16、e she was in trouble, she would turn to him for help.We should have checked the time before we left.You cant imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. I could not have enjoyed myself more it was a perfect day. You could have done it well, but you were too careless.(2)完成句子They

17、 were_able_to_escape from the flood.他们成功地从洪水中逃离。He would_read_aloud in the morning when he was a student.他过去上学时总是在早晨大声朗读。We should _not_have_made_fun_of her in the classroom.我们本不应当在教室里开她的玩笑。If the car should_break_down on the way, you would have to walk back.万一汽车中途抛锚，你就得走回来。Could /Can/May I use the

18、phone?我可以用这个电话吗？.用适当的情态动词填空1(2017北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shelf.2(2016全国卷)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might be_made (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.3(2016北京高考改编)I love the weekend, because

19、I need not get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.4(2015北京高考)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really must go now. My daughter is home alone.5(2015福建高考)Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You should have made full preparations.6(2015陕西高考)You may/might feel al

20、l the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.7(2015四川高考)You must be careful with the camera. It costs!8(2015重庆高考)You must be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all these years.9The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could

21、 you save me a place?10. When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. .完成句子1(2017全国卷书面表达)If you will join, you_may_send_your_information_to intlpasspptgmschool. com.如果你想加入，你可以往 .发送你的个人信息。2(2016全国卷书面表达)Id appreciate it if you_could_do_me_a_favor.如果你能帮助我，我会非常感

22、激。3(2016全国卷书面表达)Im sorry to say that I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you on Friday afternoon.非常抱歉星期五下午我不能和你去书店了。4(2015四川高考满分作文)You mentioned that you would_like_to_teach_English in return, which is exactly what I am dying for. 你提到你愿意教英语作为回报，这正是我所渴望的事。5(2015陕西高考书面表达)I will be grateful if you could_

23、give_me_a_kind_consideration.如果你能多加关照，我将不胜感激。6We could_have_finished it yesterday, but we ran out of time.我们昨天就应该做完这件事的，但我们没有时间了。7Its strange that he should_be_late on such an important occasion.很奇怪，这么重要的一个场合他竟然迟到了。.短文改错I was real sad when I found my bicycle went wrong again. Tired of repairing it a

24、gain and again, I decided buy a new one. After school, I went to a shop locating in the center of the city with a friend called Jack. The black bicycle attracted my eyes as soon as we went into the store. It looked so cool that I couldnt hardly wait to ride it. The shopkeepers told us that it was th

25、e latest bicycle.He wanted to charge me for 800 yuan, that was too high for me. I just mustnt afford such an expensive one. Then I choose another one, which cost me only 200 yuan. It was not perfect, so it was much better than the old one.答案：第一句：realreally第二句：buy 前加 to第三句：locatinglocated第四句：第一个 TheA第五句：couldntcould第七句：去掉第一个 for; thatwhich第八句：mustnt couldnt第九句：choosechose第十句：sobut