2019年译林版英语选修8讲义：Unit 1 单元小结

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1、The novel which has two main characters has come out recently. It tells of such a story: a mayor abusing his power for his son, doesnt live up to the expectations of the Party and the people and at last is put into prison.His son, whom the mayor spoils very much, is unable, vain, full of criminal vi

2、olence and has some vices. But he is desperate to run a company and intends to be a millionaire. To get enough money, the mayor abuses his powers taking bribes and secretly borrows public funds, being generous to his son. But his company which consists of 200 people, is in debt. Because the products

3、 are of bad quality, it has a bad reputation. At last, the mayor is accused of several crimes and sentenced to life in prison. He is regretful and says he is determined to reform, otherwise people would spit him.这部有两个主要人物的小说是最近出版的。它讲述了这样一个故事：一位为了他的儿子滥用职权的市长，辜负了党和人们的期望，最后被送进监狱。他的儿子，市长很溺爱他，他很无能、自负，充满暴

4、力犯罪，并且有许多恶习。但他很渴望经营一家公司，目的是成为一名百万富翁。为了得到足够的钱，市长滥用职权、收受贿赂，偷偷挪用公款，对儿子很慷慨。但拥有 200 人的公司由于劣质产品而负债，声名狼藉。最终市长被指控好几项罪名，被判处终身监禁。他很后悔并决心悔改，否则人们会唾弃他。加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练.完形填空On Friday I called my parents, who are in their early 90s now.They were upset as they didnt _1_ what to send us and our adult kids for Christma

5、s presents.Both of them have suffered serious _2_ problems recently, and I _3_ them not to worry about it because all of us had what we needed and didnt _4_ anything more.Not happy with that, they _5_ getting us all something.Although they were in poor health this year, they still thought it was _6_

6、 for them to send something to us all.My mother said that she was _7_ the other brothers and sisters fruit and delicious food baskets.That gave me a(n) _8_.Then I asked her to _9_， in that case, giving whatever she would have given us to a local food bank.Or _10_， they donate money she would have _1

7、1_ on all of us to the food bank.When I checked with my kids, I knew what I suggested was proven exactly _12_， for all of us would be _13_ to know we had been able to donate to a local food bank.She and my father _14_ this idea, but had no idea where a food bank would be._15_ my father was still qui

8、te able and interested in doing his own computer searches, his _16_ to do this has gradually been going down.I looked it up right there and then discovered not one _17_ three local food banks, and the center for a statewide food bank _18_ right there in their town.I gave them the _19_ and phone numb

9、er, which they asked for.They seemed to feel a great _20_ at this suggested solution and I was very grateful.语篇解读：作者建议父母将原本要给孩子买礼物的钱捐献给食物银行做慈善，这得到了父母的认可，同时作者帮助父母找到了捐献地址和电话号码，这使父母感到宽慰。1.A.admit BabolishCknow Dkeep解析：选 C 他们感到烦躁是因为不知道给我们和我们的孩子送什么圣诞礼物。因为想送礼物却不知道送什么，所以此处选 C。2A.finance BhealthCwork Daffec

10、tion解析：选 B 最近两位老人都有严重的健康问题。因为本文首句已说明两位老人年逾90 岁了，身体自然不够好；并且第二段第二句给出了提示，所以选 B。3A.begged BorderedCwarned Drejected解析：选 A 由于两位老人的健康问题，作者祈求他们不要担心送礼物的问题。因为作者担心父母，所以祈求父母不要这样做，所以选 A。4A.borrow BsellCrefuse Dneed解析：选 D 因为我们都拥有我们所需要的东西，所以什么也不需要了。根据语境可知，选 D。5A.gave up Binsisted onCdreamed of Dapplied for解析：选 B

11、句意：由于不满意我的提议 (我们衣食无忧，不需要父母给自己买礼物)，父母坚持给所有的孩子送礼物。A 项意为：放弃；B 项意为：坚持；C 项意为：梦想；D项意为：申请。根据语境可知，父母还是坚持给孩子们送礼物，所以选 B。6A.difficult BstrangeCimpossible Dimportant解析：选 D 句意：虽然今年他们身体不好，但还是觉得给孩子们送礼物是很重要的。因为根据常理，在西方圣诞节父母给孩子礼物是很重要的礼节，所以选 D。7A.giving BowingClending Dsharing解析：选 A 句意：母亲说她要给其他的兄弟姊妹送水果篮和美食篮。因为母亲要给孩子们

12、礼物，所以选 A。8A.belief BmindCidea Dopinion解析：选 C 句意：这件事让我有了一个主意。根据下文内容可知，母亲的话让作者有了一个主意，所以选 C。9A.allow BconsiderCpractice Davoid解析：选 B 句意：在那种情况下，我就让她考虑把原本要送给我们的东西送给当地的食物银行。因为作者提了一个建议供母亲考虑，所以选 B。10A.easier BworseCless Dstronger解析：选 A 因为下文说可以把给他们买礼物的钱直接捐献给当地的食物银行，那会更简单一些，所以选 A。11A.made BpaidCspent Dcost解析：

13、选 C 句意：或者更简单一点，他们把本将要花在我们所有人身上的钱捐献给当地的食物银行。根据固定搭配 spend .on .可知，此处应选 C。12A.real BcontroversialCunreasonable Dright解析：选 D A 项意为：真的；B 项意为：有争议的；C 项意为：不合理的，不切实际的；D 项意为：正确的，对的。通过上下文可知，孩子们认为作者的提议的确是对的，所以选 D。13A.delighted BdisappointedCgenerous Denergetic解析：选 A 因为我们都将会很高兴，知道这样我们就能够为当地的食物银行做捐助了。A 项意为：高兴的；B

14、项意为：失望的；C 项意为：慷慨的；D 项意为：精力旺盛的。因为知道他们能够以这种方式做捐助，所以选 A。14A.deleted BhatedCliked Dfound解析：选 C 句意：她和我的父亲都喜欢这个主意，但不知道当地的食物银行在哪里。A 项意为：删除；B 项意为：恨，不喜欢；C 项意为：喜欢，赞同；D 项意为：发现。因为下文说父母实施了这个提议，说明他们很喜欢这个主意，所以选 C。15A.Unless BAlthoughCIf DWhen解析：选 B 句意：虽然父亲还能够并感兴趣地做一些电脑的搜索工作，但他做这个工作的能力在逐渐下降。此处应用让步状语从句的引导词，所以选 B。16A

15、.chance BpurposeCdesire Dability解析：选 D 句意：见上题解析。 A 项意为：机会；B 项意为：目的；C 项意为：欲望，想要；D 项意为：能力。此处指做事的能力，所以选 D。17A.and BsoCbut Dor解析：选 C 作者查找发现当地不是有一家而是有三家食物银行。not .but .表示“不是而是” ，符合语境，所以选 C。18A.floated BlocatedCcovered Dadjusted解析：选 B 而且一个全州范围内的食物银行中心就坐落在他们所在的城镇。be located in 为固定用法，此处为过去分词作定语，所以选 B。19A.add

16、ress BdateCappointment Dsign解析：选 A 句意：我给了他们要的地址和电话号码。 A 项意为：地址；B 项意为：日期；C 项意为：约会；D 项意为：迹象，符号，记号。因为上文交代两位老人不知道食物银行在哪里，所以选 A。20A.regret BcuriosityCinterest Drelief解析：选 D 句意：他们似乎对这个提议感到很欣慰而且我也很感激。A 项意为：遗憾；B 项意为：好奇心；C 项意为：兴趣，爱好；D 项意为：轻松，宽慰。因为从行文看，两位老人同意了把原本要给孩子买礼物的钱捐助给食物银行的提议，感到很宽慰，所以选D。.阅读理解Jane Austen

17、, a famous English writer, was born at Steventon, Hampshire, on December 16, 1775, and died on July 18, 1817.She began writing early in life, although the prejudices (偏见) of her times forced her to have her books published anonymously (匿名地)But Jane Austen is perhaps the best known and best loved of

18、Baths many famous local people and visitors.She paid two long visits here during the last five years of the eighteenth century and from 1801 to 1806, Bath was her home.Her deep knowledge of the city is fully seen in two of her novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, which are largely set in Bath.Th

19、e city is still very much as Jane Austen knew it, keeping in its streets and public buildings the wellordered world that she described so well in her novels.Now the pleasure of learning Jane Austens Bath can be enhanced (增强) by visiting the Jane Austen Center in Gay Street.Here, in a Georgian town h

20、ouse in the heart of the city, you can find out more about Bath in Jane Austens time and the importance of Bath in her life and work.The Center has been set up with the help and guidance of members of the Jane Austen Society.After your visit to the Center, you can look round the attractive shop, whi

21、ch offers a huge collection of Jane Austen related books, cards and many specially designed gifts.Jane Austen quizzes are offered to keep the children busy.You can also have walking tours of Jane Austens Bath, which is a great way to find out more about Jane Austen and discover the wonderful Georgia

22、n city of Bath.The tour lasts about one and a half hours.The experienced guides will take you to the places where Jane lived, walked and shopped.语 篇 解 读 ：本 文 主 要 介 绍 英 国 著 名 作 家 简 奥 斯 汀 和 Bath的 联 系 。1.Jane Austen paid two long visits to Bath _ .Ain her early twenties Bin her early teensCin her late

23、twenties Din her late teens解析：选 A 推理判断题。从第一段可知，她出生在 1775 年，第二段说“She paid two long visits here during the last five years of the eighteenth century”，据此推算，可知答案为A。2What can we learn about Bath from the passage? ABath has greatly changed since Jane Austens death.BThe city has changed as much as Jane Aus

24、ten knew it.CBath remains almost the same as in Jane Austens time.DNo changes have taken place in Bath since Jane Austens time.解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第二段可知这个城市依然很像 Jane Austen 所熟知的那样，言外之意是没有发生很大的变化。3The author writes this passage in order to _ .Aattract readers to visit the city of BathBask readers to buy Au

25、stens booksCtell readers about Jane Austens experienceDgive a brief introduction to the Jane Austen Society解析：选 A 推理判断题。从整篇文章来看，作者是说 Jane Austen 和 Bath 的联系；文章最后的很多字眼，如“You can also have walking tours of Jane Austens Bath”“The tour .”“The experienced guides will take you .”都暗示读者要去这个城市旅游观光。4It takes y

26、ou about one and a half hours _ .Ato get to the Jane Austen Center in Gay StreetBto buy Jane Austen related books, cards and giftsCto find a guide to take you to the CenterDto look around the city of Bath on foot解析：选 D 细节理解题。从最后一段 “You can also have walking tours of Jane Austens Bath .The tour lasts

27、 about one and a half hours.”可知步行参观 Jane Austens Bath 大约需一个半小时。加餐练(二) 主观题规范增分练.语法填空Fatheroftwo Mike Rossi has been hailed a hero _1_ (follow) his “awesome” response to a letter from his childrens school.Rochelle Marbury, principal of Rydal Elementary School in Philadelphia, warned Mr. Rossi that his

28、 familys fiveday trip to Boston _2_ which his son and daughter missed three days of school would be marked down as _3_ “unexcused absence”However, Mr. Rossi was irritated by the letter and replied to the school pointing out the “onceinalifetime experience” saw his children learn things that “cant _4

29、_ (possible) be copied in a classroom”Mike Rossi travelled to Boston to run the citys marathon. While commenting on his _5_ (decide) to reply to the schools letter, Mr. Rossi asked why one of the schools own teachers was able to run the Boston Marathon last year and _6_ his absence was authorised or

30、 not.Mr. Rossi said he didnt like the tone of the schools letter, _7_ prompted his reply on his familys return to Philadelphia, while describing how the local education authoritys policy on absences makes people _8_ (disgust)Since his story _9_ (report) across the US and in many countries, Mr. Rossi

31、 has met up with school officials _10_ (discuss) their policy. He told People magazine: “It was a good meeting. It was not my intention. It is this policy that I dont agree with.”语 篇 解 读 ：家 长 迈 克 罗 西 与 校 方 在 孩 子 请 假 出 去 旅 游 方 面 有 很 大 的 分 歧 。1following 此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。2for 先行词为“fiveday trip”，此处是“介词关系代

32、词”引导的定语从句， “his familys fiveday trip to Boston”是迈克罗西的儿女缺课的原因，所以空格处用介词 for。3an 不定冠词表泛指。unexcused 的读音以元音音素开头，所以用冠词 an。4possibly 句中应该用副词修饰动词。5decision 分析句子结构可知，空格处用名词，decide 的名词形式为 decision。6whether 此处为迈克罗西先生质疑学校的老师去年去波士顿参加马拉松比赛是否得到授权。7which 先行词为“the schools letter”，它在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句。8

33、disgusted disgusted 意为“厌恶的，反感的” ，作 make 的宾语补足语。9was reported since 引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时；主语“his story”是动词report 的承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。10to discuss 此处为不定式作目的状语。.短文改错Several days ago, my classmates and I visited to the Cincinnati School for the Blind and Deaf.We had party with some of the student there and ha

34、d a wonderful time.I met a girl at the party.She couldnt speak or hear, but we “talked” by writing on each other hands.When saying goodbye, she writes on my hand, “Please come here as often as possible.” Many people are concerning about disabled people and give her money.However, I think which we sh

35、ould do is to communicate with them rather than give money.If you want to help disabled people, making friends with them and visit them regularly.Nothing is much important than friendship.答案：第一句：去掉 to第二句：had 后加 a; studentstudents第四句：other others第五句：writeswrote第六句：concerning concerned; herthem第七句：whi

36、chwhat第八句：makingmake第九句：muchmore.书面表达鲁滨孙漂流记 (Robinson Crusoe) 是英国小说家丹尼尔 笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇 100 词左右的书评。1该书出版于 1719 年，它是最流行的历险小说之一。2主要情节：它是关于鲁滨孙，一位英国人，在一个荒凉的热带小岛附近船只失事的故事。他自己建造小屋，种植粮食，变得自给自足。二十三年后，他偶遇一伙食人肉的野人，并从他们手中救出了一位囚犯，给他取名 Friday。他们成了密友。四年后他们得到了营救，然后一起回到了英国。参考词汇：1.自给自足的 selfsuffi

37、cient2食人肉的野人 cannibal3在一个荒凉的热带小岛附近船只失事 shipwreck on a lonely tropical island_参考范文：A review of Robinson CrusoeThis is a novel by the English author Daniel Defoe, published in 1719, which is one of the most popular adventure novels in all literature. It is the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman w

38、ho is shipwrecked on a lonely tropical island. He builds himself a hut, grows his own food, and becomes selfsufficient. After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners, a young native whom he calls Friday. Crusoe and his “man” Friday become close friends, and whe

39、n they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England.第一部分 听力 (满分 30 分，限时 20 分钟)第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?AOld classmates.B

40、Travelers in England.CTourist and guide.2How will the man send the machines?ABy ship. BBy air. C By truck.3Where is the man going to plant the tree?ABy the front door.BAt the back of the garage.CAt the other end of the garden.4What does the man advise Alan to do?AGo out to work.BListen carefully to

41、John.CBe calm and patient.5When is the man going home?AIn the evening.BIn the afternoon.CAt noon.第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6Why does the man want to

42、eat out?AHe wants to celebrate his birthday.BHe has won a big prize.CHe wants to have some relaxation.7Where will they have supper?AAt home.BThe place the man likes.CThe place the woman prefers.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8Why is the man not certain of the job?AHis education is not enough.BOthers are more

43、 suitable than him.CHe does not have enough work experience.9According to the woman, what is important for work?AThe ability to put knowledge to practical use.BGood knowledge with work experience.CStrong will and hard work.10What is the mans opinion about the interviewers?AThey have good experience.

44、BThey are experts in the field.CThey are knowledgeable but proud.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11What are the speakers mainly talking about?ABuying books for their course.BThe money needed for the books.CSharing the books with each other.12Why does Dr. Downs want his students to have these five books?AThes

45、e books are not expensive.BHe wants his students to read more.CHe wants to discuss them in detail.13How does the woman plan to solve the problems about the books?AShe buys three and the man buys two.BShe pays the man fifty dollars for sharing.CThey will share the total amount for the books.听第 9 段材料，

46、回答第 14 至 16 题。14What subjects does the woman like to apply for next year?AEconomics. BEngineering. CScience.15Whats the purpose of the woman talking with the man?AFor a good record of her studies this year.BFor a recommendation of him.CTo get some advice about the recommendation.16What do the womans

47、 parents think of her idea?AThey think it is a good idea.BThey think it is a bad idea.CThey think it has nothing to do with them.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17How many people took part in the swimming activity?AAbout 300.BAbove 3,000.CAbout 30,000.18Who organized the swimming activity?AThe local authority.BThe Tourism Agency.CThe Sports Center.19Why did they organize the swimming activity?ATo make people more aware