2020高考英语人教版一轮复习:必修一 Unit 2 课时作业(含答案解析)
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1、课时作业.阅读理解(2018高考全国卷 C)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by huntergatherers,small ,tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.S
2、ome language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recen
3、t centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese ar
4、e increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by many people,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only ar
5、ound 200 languages;the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well o
6、ver 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a questionmark):none of thes
7、e seems to have much chance of survival.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言的种类随着人类社会的发展而逐渐减少这一现象。1What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?AThey developed very fast.BThey were large in number.CThey had similar patterns.DThey were closely connected.【答案】 B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Some language experts b
8、elieve that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.”可知,一些语言专家认为,一万年前,当世界上只有 500 万到 1 000 万人时,他们之间可能说 12 000 种语言。由此可推断,采猎文明时期的语言种类很多。A 项曲解文意,文中提到采猎文明时期语言很多,但这不代表语言发展快。C、D 两项颠倒是非,根据第一段中 small,tightly knit groups developed th
9、eir own patterns of speech independent of each other 可知,这些语言是相互独立的,不具有相似模式,语言间也没有密切联系。2Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?AComplex. BAdvanced.CPowerful. DModern.【答案】 C 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“.all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as Eng
10、lish,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.”可知,人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失,而逐渐被如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代,这就暗示出这些语言是“占优势的”,故选 C 项powerful(强大的,有影响力的)。complex 复杂的;advanced 先进的;modern 现代的。3How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?AAbout 6,800. BAbout 3,400.CAbout 2,400. DAbout 1,200.
11、【答案】 B 数字计算题。根据第三段中的“At present,the world has about 6,800 languages.”可知,目前世界上有大约 6 800 种语言;再根据“The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”可知,目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于 6 000,也就是说有大约 3 400 种语言的使用人数少于 6 000。4What is the main id
12、ea of the text?ANew languages will be created.BPeoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.CHuman development results in fewer languages.DGeography determines language evolution.【答案】 C 主旨大意题。文章介绍了语言的种类随着人类社会的发展而逐渐减少这一现象,故 C 项概括全面。A 项颠倒是非,文章介绍的是语言的减少而不是新语言的创造。 B、D 两项无中生有,文中没有提到人们的生活方式会反映到语言上,也没有提到地
13、理决定语言的发展。.完形填空(2019郑州模拟 )Even though Ive lived most of my life in China,English has always been an important part of my life.When I was four years old,my family and I _1_ to the US,where we lived in Houston,Texas,for a year.I was too _2_ then to fully understand what it was like to be in such a diff
14、erent environment,but _3_, English started to make its way into my life.At first,I didnt really know how to _4_ with my foreign classmates with proper English,but they were nice and _5_,and very soon English became like a second language to me.I could _6_ myself in both Chinese and English.I had ano
15、ther useful _7_.English is _8_ a tool of communication for me; it has also brought a new world of _9_ to me.When I was in fourth grade,my friends _10_ me a very popular book series called Percy Jackson & the Olympians,and I felt then that I had never read any story that _11_ me as much.I began to _1
16、2_ the world of English literature(文学)and found that all the _13_ books and stories I came across opened my eyes to a different _14_ from the one I had been familiar with.I loved the stories I would otherwise have _15_ if I had not known English.All in all,English has given me another tool for commu
17、nicating with others,_16 _ to understand and accept things I would never have _17_ and brought me much _18_ through reading.I think I am very _19_ to have learned English because it has helped _20_ my view of the world,and it still does.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,作者讲述了自己学习英语的过程和英语对自己的巨大影响,阅读了许多好书,开阔了视野,塑造了世界观。
18、1A.rode Bdrove Cmoved Dtraveled【答案】 C 考查动词辨析。A.rode 骑;B.drove 驾驶;C.moved 移动;D.traveled 旅行。在我四岁时全家移居美国 Houston,故选 C。2A.young Bsilly Cshy Dtired【答案】 A 考查形容词辨析。A.young 年轻的;B.silly 愚蠢的;C.shy 害羞的;D.tired 疲倦的。根据上句 When I was four years old 可知当时我年龄太小,不能完全理解在陌生的环境中会怎么样。表示“太小而不能”,故选 A。3A.sadly Bunexpectedly
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