2020高考英语人教版一轮复习：必修三 Unit 5 课时作业（含答案解析）

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1、课时作业.阅读理解A(2019襄阳模拟)Urban Transportation in CanadaPublic transportation Transit passesAll cities and most major towns in Canada have a public transportation system with one or more modes of transportation(bus，subway，train ，etc.)The bus is the most common form of urban transportation in Canada.To use

2、 public transportation，you must purchase a ticket or a transit pass.Transit passes allow you unlimited use of public transportation for a specific period(one month or more)They are usually cheaper than buying many tickets if you plan to use public transportation often.Transportation for people with

3、disabilitiesPublic transportation often has features to assist people with disabilities.In many cities and towns，there are also transportation services available specifically for people with limited mobility，such as specially equipped buses.You can find out about these services in the same way you w

4、ould learn more about other public transportation options.Etiquette on public transportationWhen taking public transportation such as a bus or train，it is important to understand the unspoken rules of conduct in the shared space.Here are a few things to note：Be polite and respectful to others around

5、 you.For example，maintain an appropriate noise level when talking or making a phone call.If you are carrying a backpack or a large shoulder bag in a crowded public transit vehicle，keep it close to you，preferably at your feet to avoid hitting people with it as you walk by.Avoid pushing or touching ot

6、hers in order to make more room for yourself.Sometimes public transit can become very crowded，but it is important to keep calm and give others appropriate personal space.Have your proof of payment accessible in case you are asked to show it.【语篇解读】 本文介绍在加拿大的城市交通。1What is the advantage of using transi

7、t passes over buying tickets?ASafer trips. BLonger service hours. CLower costs. DMore use of transport.【答案】 C 细节理解题。根据 Public transportation & Transit passes 中Transit passes allow you unlimited use of public transportation for a specific period(one month or more)They are usually cheaper than buying

8、many tickets if you plan to use public transportation often.可知，使用过境通行证的好处是降低费用。故选 C。2How does the transportation system help people with disabilitiesABy running special transport services. BBy offering fewer transportation options.CBy limiting their mobility on city buses. DBy providing free rides i

9、n towns and cities.【答案】 A 细节理解题。根据 Transportation for people with disabilities中 there are also transportation services available specifically for people with limited mobility，such as specially equipped buses 可知，交通系统通过运行特殊的运输服务来帮助残疾人。故选 A。3What is considered impolite on public transportation?AHaving

10、your proof of payment at hand. BPlacing backpacks at your feet.CStaying close to other passengers. DLowering your speaking voice.【答案】 C 推理判断题。根据 Etiquette on public transportation 中 but it is important to keep calm and give others appropriate personal space.可知，在公共交通上靠近其他乘客是不礼貌的。故选 C。.阅读七选五(2019兰州模拟

11、)How northern Europeans beat the winter bluesAsk a child from northern Europe to draw two picturesone on a rainy day and a second in the sunshineand this is what you will get: in the first，as raindrops fall from the top of the page，the man behind the window has an unhappy expression.When a yellow su

12、n sends out some light from the corner，the man is smiling.Northern Europeans associate rain with sadness and sunshine with happiness.They think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them._1_ In October 2008，a group of researchers examined the influence of different

13、daily weather factors，including temperature，wind and sunlight，on 1,200 participants.The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on peoples feelings._2_ A person who is upset on dark or cold days suffers from a negative mood，and he will be likely to experience a sad winter.This is t

14、he basis of an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder(SAD)_3_.AniKalayjian，professor of psychology at Fordham University，advises that we should take steps to strengthen the brains system against weatherdriven mood changes.Research on SAD has been focused on the brains response to darkness and li

15、ght.When our eyes detect darkness，the brain gives off melatonin，which starts sleep cycles._4_ It takes over to help us wake up and feel better when we detect light.“We can encourage people to take charge of their feelings，” says Kalayjian.“We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and

16、 get out there in the sun._5_ ”A day of rain can potentially destroy your plan and affect your mood.But as the Scottish comedian Billy Connolly once said：“There is no such thing as bad weather，only the wrong clothing.”AAnother chemical called serotonin，however，can make people happy.BIt affects about

17、10% of the population of northern Europe each year.CThats when people can recharge their serotonin and get a better mood.DYet that link has no scientific basis.EMost studies prove that a negative feeling is associated with bad weather.FThey determined that people actually differ in their sensitivity

18、 to weather changes.GIt is seriously doubted among the people who suffer from SAD.【语篇解读】 北欧人把雨和伤心，阳光和快乐联系在一起，他们认为这是真的，因为他们意识到他们的环境如何影响他们但科学家经过研究得出的结论是：好或者坏天气对人们的感情影响很小。1【答案】 D 根据前句 They think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them.可知，这只是北欧人自己的主观认识，故没有科学依据。故选 D。2

19、【答案】 F 根据前句 The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on peoples feelings.可知，他们认为人们对气候变化的敏感性不同。故选 F。3【答案】 B 根据前句 This is the basis of an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder(SAD)可知 it 代指前句中的 Seasonal Affective Disorder 季节性情绪失调，故选 B。4【答案】 A 根据后句 It takes over to help us wake

20、 up and feel better when we detect light.可知，这里介绍了另一种化学物质。故选 A。5【答案】 C 根据前句 We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the sun.提到我们告知他们离开电脑和室内游戏到外面去沐浴阳光，后句应该说这么做的益处，故选 C。.完形填空In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one.The _1_ is

21、that countries around the world have growing mountains of _2_ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we _3_ a throwaway society？First of all，it is now easier to _4_ an object than to spend time and money to repair it._5_ modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology，companie

22、s are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and _6_.Another cause is our _7_ or disposable(一次性的)products.As _8_ people，we are always looking for _9_ to save time and make our lives easier.Companies _10_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper pla

23、tes， plastic cups，and cameras ，to name a few.Our appetite for new products also _11_ to the problem.We are _12_ buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that _13_ is better and that we will be happier with the latest produts.The result is that we _14_ useful possessions to make room for new ones

24、.All around the world，we can see the _15_ of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To _16_ the amount of rubbish and to protect the _17_，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials._18_，this is not enough to solve(解决)our problem.Maybe there is another

25、way out.We need to repair our possessions _19_ throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about _20_.Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.【语篇解读】 文章讲述了抛弃型消费社会的表现、成因、危害以及解决措施；旨在呼吁人们

26、转变消费观念，为环保尽一份自己的力量。1A.key BReasonCproject Dproblem【答案】 D 词汇复现题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了人们把用坏了的东西随手扔掉，从而导致垃圾堆积成山这一问题，文章倒数第二段最后一句中的this is not enough to solve(解决)our problem.和倒数第三段的第一句to the problem 亦有暗示。故选 D 项。2A.gifts BrubbishCdebt Dproducts【答案】 B 词汇复现题。根据下文的 because people are throwing out more rubbish tha

27、n ever before.即人们比过去扔掉更多的垃圾可知，这里说的是“垃圾山”日益壮大，故选 B 项。3A.face BbecomeCobserve Dchange【答案】 B 句意为：我们是怎样变成一个抛弃型消费社会的呢？face 意为“面对”；become 意为“变成”；observe 意为“观察；遵守”；change 意为“改变”。根据语境可知，B 项正确。4A.hide BcontrolCreplace Dwithdraw【答案】 C 句意为：现在替换一件物品比花时间和花钱去修理它更容易。hide 意为“躲藏；隐藏”；control 意为“控制”；replace 意为“取代；替代”；

28、withdraw 意为“撤退；收回 ”。根据语境可知，上文提到人们习惯把用坏了的东西随手扔掉，即这里是指买新的东西来替换用坏的东西，故选 C 项。5A.Thanks to BAs toCExcept for DRegardless of【答案】 A 句意为：由于现代制造业和技术的发展，公司能够快速而廉价地生产出产品。thanks to 意为“幸亏；由于”； as to 意为“关于；至于”；except for 意为 “除了以外”；regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”。根据前后逻辑关系可知，“现代制造业和技术”与“公司能够快速而廉价地生产出产品”之间是因果关系，因此 A 项正确。6A.

29、safe BfunnyCcheap Dpowerful【答案】 C 词汇复现题。根据上文companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.可知，产品丰富又便宜。故选 C 项。7A.love BlackCprevention Ddivision【答案】 A 根据下文人们总是想方设法去节约时间、让生活更轻松以及许多公司生产了大量一次性产品可知，我们喜欢用一次性产品，故选 A 项。lack 意为“缺少；缺乏” ；prevention 意为“预防；阻止”；division 意为“分开；除法”。8A.sensitive Bk

30、indCbrave Dbusy【答案】 D 词汇复现题。由下文的 to save time 可知人们很“忙碌”，故选 D 项。sensitive 意为“敏感的；灵敏的”；kind 意为“善良的”；brave 意为“勇敢的”。9A.ways BplacesCjobs Dfriends【答案】 A 句意为：作为忙碌的人们，我们总是在想方设法来节省时间、让生活更轻松。上文说人们喜欢使用一次性产品就是他们为节省时间所寻找的“方法”。故选 A 项。10A.donate BreceiveCproduce Dpreserve【答案】 C 句意为：公司生产出成千上万种不同的一次性产品。donate意为“捐赠；

31、捐献”；receive 意为“收获；接收” ；produce 意为“生产；创作”；preserve 意为“保存；保护 ”。由语境可知，公司为喜欢用一次性产品的消费人群“生产”出多种一次性产品，故选 C 项。11A.adapts BreturnsCresponds Dcontributes【答案】 D 句意为：我们对新产品的嗜好也促成了这一问题的产生。adapt to 意为“适应”；return to 意为“返回”；respond to 意为“对作出回应”；contribute to 意为“促成；有助于”。根据语境可知，人们对新产品的嗜好，即喜新厌旧的态度，对随手丢弃的问题起到火上浇油的作用。故

32、选 D 项。12A.tired of Baddicted toCworried about Dashamed for【答案】 B 句意为：我们对购买新产品上了瘾。be tired of 意为“对厌倦，厌烦”；be addicted to 意为“沉溺于，对上瘾”；be worried about意为“为担心”；be ashamed for 意为“对 感到惭愧( 羞愧)”。根据语境可知我们新产品上瘾，故答案为 B 项。13A.newer BstrongerChigher Dlarger【答案】 A 词汇复现题。句意为：广告劝说我们更新的产品会更好，而且使用了最新的产品，我们也会更开心。根据下文的w

33、e will be happier with the latest products.可知答案应选 A 项。14A.pick up Bpay forChold onto Dthrow away【答案】 D 词汇复现题。句意为：结果，我们扔掉了有用的东西以便为新买的东西腾出地方。pick up 意为“拾起，捡起；获得 ”；pay for 意为“为而付报酬”；hold onto 意为“紧紧抓住；抓住不放”；throw away 意为“扔掉”。根据下文 to make room for new ones 可知应选 D。15A.advantages BpurposesCfuncitons Dconse

34、quences【答案】 D 词汇复现题。句意为：在世界各地，我们都可以看到这种抛弃型生活方式所产生的后果。advantage 意为“优势；有利条件；利益”；purpose 意为 “目的”；function 意为“功能；作用”；consequence 意为“结果；后果”。根据下文的 Mountains of rubish just keep getting bigger.可知，垃圾山越来越大就是这种抛弃型生活方式带来的后果。D 项符合语境。16A.show BrecordCdecrease Dmeasure【答案】 C 句意为：为了减少垃圾数量，保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收利用材料。根据

35、语境可知要求人们回收利用旧物质材料的目的是为了“减少”垃圾的数量。故选 C 项。17A.technology BenvironmentCconsumers Dbrands【答案】 B 根据语境和生活常识可知，减少垃圾数量，回收利用旧物质材料都是为了保护“环境”。故选 B 项。18A.However BOtherwiseCTherefore DMeanwhile【答案】 A 句意为：可是，这不足以能够解决我们所面临的问题。根据上下文逻辑关系，设空前后两句之间有转折关系。however 意为“然而；可是”，符合语境。otherwise 意为 “否则”；therefore 意为“因此”；meanwh

36、ile 意为“同时；其间”。19A.by Bin favour ofCafter Dinstead of【答案】 D 句意为：我们需要修理我们的东西而不是把它们扔掉。根据语境可知，作者对于乱扔东西是不赞成的，建议人们应该尽可能去修理它们。instead of 在此意为“而不是”，符合语境。in favor of 意为“支持；赞成”，与作者的意图相去甚远。20A.spending BcollectingCrepairing Dadvertising【答案】 A 词汇复现题。句意为：我们也需要重新思考我们的消费观。根据下文的and changing our spending habits 可知， A 项符合语境，spending 意为“花钱；消费”。