2019年秋新目标英语八年级上Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c课件

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1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?,Section A Grammar Focus-3c,Objectives,To practice the usage of anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything and nothing To learn new words: most, something, nothing, everyone, myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diary,Where did

2、 you go on your vacation? Did you go to the zoo? Were there any? What else did you do? ,Lets talk!,Words and expressions,something nothing everyone of course myself yourself,pron. 某事；某物 pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西 pron. 每人；人人；所有人 当然；自然 pron. 我自己；我本人 pron. 你自己；您自己,hen pig seem bored someone diary,n. 母鸡 n. 猪 v.

3、 好像；似乎；看来 adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 pron. 某人 n. 日记；记事薄,Grammar Focus,The simple past tense,一般过去时,1.定义: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态， 常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago.)连用； 2) 也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的 时间状语(如often, always)连用。,一般过去时,有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？,一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用。 a）时间状语ago（two hours ago（一段

4、时间+ago） yesterday（句子开头或结尾）the day before yesterdaylast week, last (year, night, month),具体时间（如Jan. fourth) just now at the age of one day long ago once upon a time（很久以前） and so on this morning long long ago,Sentences I did my homework yesterday. I played soccer last Sunday. I cleaned my room last wee

5、k. I went to the beach three years ago. I played tennis with my friends last weekend. I went to the movies three days ago.,注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。,e.g. He was here only a few minutes a

6、go.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I came home just now. 我刚回到家。 I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他又迟到了。,a）动词变化规则 规则变化: 1. 直接加ed： work worked looklooked playplayed 2. 以e结尾的单词，直接加d：live lived hopehoped useused,3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed： study studied carrycarried worryworried 4.

7、 以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy enjoyed playplayed 5. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字 母+ed：stop stopped planplanned,规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音,am, iswas arewere gowent dodid havehad comecame taketook saysaid eatate seesaw getgot putput sleepslept givegave writewrote readread,b）动词不规则变化,/red/,buybought sitsat runran swim swam makema

8、de feelfelt hearheard growgrew telltold knowknew findfound beginbegan bring brought standstood spendspent catchcaught teachtaught,动词不规则变化,基本结构：be动词的过去式：,肯定句：主语+was (were) +其它. e.g. I was late yesterday. 昨天我迟到了。 否定句：主语+was (were) +not+其它. e.g. We werent late yesterday. 我们昨天没迟到。,Be 动词的一般过去时态构成：,疑问句：Wa

9、s (Were) +主语+其它? e.g. Were you ill yesterday? 你昨天病了吗？ 肯定回答： Yes, I was. 是的，我病了。 否定句： No, I wasnt. 不，我没病。 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+其它? e.g. When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？,A:How your vacation, Lin? B: It pretty good. A: How the beaches? B: They great. A: How the weather? B: It hot and wet. A: How t

10、he people? B: They unfriendly. A:How the stores? B: They expensive.,was,was,were,were,was,was,were,were,were,were,Be am/is(was)are(were),Be 填空,肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did。 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它. e.g. I went home at nine oclock yesterday.我昨天九点钟回的家。 否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+其它. e.g. I didnt go hom

11、e yesterday. 我昨天没回家。,实义动词的一般过去时态,疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它. e.g. Did you go home yesterday? 你昨天回家了吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, I did. 是的，我回了。 否定回答：No, I didnt. 不，我没回家。,一般过去式的构成形式,动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事； be用was或用were, have, has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是w

12、as, were,否定就把not添。,易记歌谣,Last summer, I _to the beach with my parents. My vacation _pretty good . I _there by bus _my bus trip_ relaxing. The beach _ very beautiful . It _sunny. I _ beach volleyball and _swimming. The people _ friendly and the food was _. I _my vacation very much and I _to go there a

13、gain.,went,was,went,and,was,was,was,were,delicious,enjoyed,hope,played,went,Write about your vacation and give a report.,复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上 -one，-body，-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, none, everything, everybody, everyone等

14、十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。,1. 复合不定代词的构成,2. 复合不定代词用法 (1) 由some与one, thing, body构成的不定代词主要 用于肯定句；由any与one, thing, body构成的不定 代词主要用于否定或疑问句。如：There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出毛病了。I cant see anyone in the classroom.在教室里我没看见任何人。,(2) 修饰不定代词something, anyone等的词要放在 不定代词的后面。如：Did you m

15、eet anyone interesting?你遇见有趣的人了吗？ (3)这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用 单数形式。如：Everyone was on vacation. 所有的人都在度假。,【注意】not.anywhere= nowhere. 意为“任何地方都没有”。如：Mom couldnt find her ID card anywhere. =Mom could find her ID card nowhere.妈妈到处找不到她的身份证。 【口诀】复合代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏。如果它来当主语，谓语动词用单数。,Linda: Did you do_ fun on your v

16、acation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so_ was really interesting.,Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation.,anything,everything,3a,anyone something anything everything nothing,Linda: D

17、id you go with_?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: Of course! I bought_ for my parents, but _for myself. Linda: Why didnt you buy_ for yourself?Alice: I didnt really see _I liked.,anyone,something,nothing,anything,anything,Dear Bill, How was your vacation? Di

18、d you do _ interesting? Did_ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. _was great.,anything everything nothing everyone no one,Fill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box.,anything,everyone,Everything,3b,We fed some hens and saw som

19、e baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now! Mark,nothing,no one,Ask your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results.,In our group, everyone ate something at a resta

20、urant.,3c,Did you buy anything special? 在英语中，anything, something, nothing, everything是用 于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词 anyone, someone, no one和everyone (anybody, somebody, nobody和everybody)用于指人。 与形容词连用时，形容词 必须置于复合不定代词之后，语法上称作“后置”。,Language Points,e.g. I can see someone new in your class.我看见你们班里有新人。Theres

21、 nothing interesting in the newspaper today.今天的报纸里没有什么有趣的内容。,2) something, someone与some一样常用于肯定句，而anything, anyone与any一 样常用于否定句和疑问句。 不过，在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用some或something。 在表达“任何”这一含义时肯定句中常用any或anything。,课时重点回顾,anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything 及 nothing 的用法,Review,1.

22、get 2.say 3.have 4.be 5.tell 6.think 7.write 8.drive 9.run 10.read ,I. 写出下列单词的过去式。,got,said,had,was, were,told,thought,wrote,drove,ran,read,Exercises,11. see 12. stand 13. put 14. eat 15. buy 16. drink 17. sleep 18. come 19. play 20. study 21. listen ,saw,stood,put,ate,bought,drank,slept,came,played

23、,studied,listened,II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 We _ (live) in Japan last year. Jack_ (stop) the car last Sunday. Tom _ (clean) his room and _ (study) for the Chinese test last weekend. 4.What _ you _(do) last night? 5.On Sunday morning I _ (play) tennis.,lived,stopped,cleaned,studied,did,do,played,III. 句型转换。 L

24、ucy did her homework at home. （改否定句）2. He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱).（变一般疑问句)3. She stayed there for a week.（画线部分提问）,Lucy didnt do her homework at home.,Did he find any meat in the fridge?,How long did she stay there?,4. She went to the beach last Sunday.(变一般疑问句)5.They stayed at home on vacat

25、ion.(就画线部分提问),Did she go to the beach last Sunday?,Where did they stay on vacation?,6. The weather was hot and humid. (变否定句)7. Nancy went to the cinema last night. (改为同义句)8. The people in New York were friendly. (就画线部分提问),The weather wasnt hot or humid.,Nancy went to see a film last night.,How were

26、the people in New York?,四、汉译英。,1. 最近每个人都很忙。2. 你假期做什么有趣的事了吗？ 是的。 我去北京了。,Everyone is very busy these days.,Did you do anything fun on your vacation? Yes, I did. I went to Beijing.,3. 你假期过得怎么样？ How was your vacation? 4. 晚上没有什么事可做，只好看书。 There was nothing much to do in the evening but reading. 5. 我给我父母买了一些礼物，却没给自己买。I bought some gifts for my parents, but nothing for myself.,Homework,1. Write about your vacation in your exercise book. 2. Preview the next part.,