三年高考(2017-2019)英语真题分项版解析——专题01 冠词、名词(解析版)
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1、三年(2017-2019)年高考真题分项汇编专题 01 冠词、名词一、2019 年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】26.Nowadays the _ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:当今,旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority 优先;优先权;B. potential 潜在的,可能的;C. proportion 比例,占比;D. pensio
2、n 退休金,抚恤金。故选 A。2.【2019天津卷单项填空】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) _on our lives in many ways.A. statement B. impactC. impression D. judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。 statement“陈述说明”; impact“强烈的影响,冲击力”; impression“印象,感想”; judgement“判断力判断”。故选
3、 B。3.【2019新课标 I 卷 语法填空】Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已知的 19 个北极熊亚种群中”,故填 the。4【2019新课标 I 卷 短文改错】Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.【答案】
4、 Suddenly a football fell just in front of me butand almost hit me.【解析】考查冠词。名词 football 为可数名词,前边需要有限定词。这里 football 第一次出现,故在football 前加 a;考查连词。句意:突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。 “足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系,不是转折关系。故将 but 改为 and。5.【2019新课标 II 卷短文改错】Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to do. Fir
5、st, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. 【答案】Since I was a kid, Ive considered different (1) jobsI would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so
6、 (2) coly. Then, when I was in the (3) fiveth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher (4) tver/s much.【解析】 (1) 考查名词的数。 “job(工作;职业) ”为可数名词,用 different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作,应该用名词的复数形式。故将 job 改为 jobs。(2)考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked(看起来样) ”为系动词,系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly 改为 cool。(3)考查序数词。年级、班级
7、是按数字顺序排列的,所以“在几年级”中的数词需要用序数词。故将 five改为 fifth。(4)考查副词。句意:在五年级的时候,因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师,所以我想变成一名老师。 “so much”在句中一般表达肯定意思,可与 that 连用表示“如此以至于”。而“too much” 表太多,一般与 to 搭配,表达否定意思“太以至于不能”。本句话表达肯定意思,非常 so much 或 very much,故将 too 改为very/so。6.【2019浙江卷语法填空】Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意:每个
8、人都穿相同风格的衣服。same 是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与 the 连用修饰名词。故填 the。二、2018 年高考真题1.【2018天津】6. The_ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. advice B. orderC. possibility D. invitation【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. a
9、dvice 建议;B. order 命令;C. possibility 可能性;D. invitation 邀请。故选 C。【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语从句,从句 that there is life on other planets in the universe 是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断,宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性,目前无法证明,从而选出正确答案。2.【2018江苏】32. Try to understand whats actually happening instead of act
10、ing on the _ youve made.A. assignment B. associationC. acquisition D. assumption【答案】D【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词 actually happening 实际发生和 instead of 而不是,可知是假设,从而选出正确答案。3. 【2018新课标卷 I语法填空】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five
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