三年高考(2017-2019)英语真题分项版解析——专题19 完形填空夹叙夹议文(解析版)
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1、三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编专题 19 完形填空夹叙夹议文一、2019 年高考真题1. 【2019全国卷 I】阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _41_ with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(
2、冰川)are disappearing, changing the _43_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im _44_ about the place other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon _45_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _46_ among tons of rubbish. I find a _47_ mountain,
3、with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _48_ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _49_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _50_, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _51_ as spiritual places by many cultures. This _52_ is es
4、pecially evident on Kilimanjaro as _53_ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, _54_ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather _55_ low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick
5、 grass. I _56_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland _57_: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. _58_ you climb into an arctic-like zone with _59_ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _60_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of t
6、ourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters43. A. position B. age C. face D. name44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate46. A. equ
7、ipment B. grass C. camps D. stones47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded52. A. view
8、B. quality C. reason D. purpose53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake58. A. Obviously B. E
9、asily C. Consequently D. Finally59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有 4 万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山,他们带来了垃圾,破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失,改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑,想一探究竟。当他来到这里,他发现当地环保措施很到位,同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。41.D
10、【解析】考查动词辨析。A. keep 保持;B. mix 混合;C. connect 联系;D. bring 带来。句意:他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知,登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故 D 选项切题。42.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. stories 故事;B. buildings 建筑物; C. crowds 人群;D. reporters 记者。句意:人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知,这是一个庞大的群体。故 C 选项切题。43. C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.position 位置;B.age 年龄;C. face 外貌;D. name 名字。句意
11、:冰川正在消失,改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一,所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故 C 选项切题。44. B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的;B. skepetical 怀疑的;C. serious 严肃的;D. crazy 疯狂的。句意:听到这些故事,我对这个地方产生了怀疑其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知,作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山,作者想解开这个怀疑。故 be skepetical about“对怀疑”符合句意。故 B选项切题。45. A【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover 发现;B. argue 争论;C. decide 决定
12、;D. advocate 提倡。句意:然而,我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has changed ” 可知,作者发现了很大的变化。故 A 选项切题。46. C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.equipment 装备 ;B. grass 草 C. camps 营地;D. stone 石头。句意:我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps ”可知,本句属于原词再现。故 C 选项切题。47. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. remote 遥远的;B. qui
13、et 安静的 C. tall 高的; D. clean 干净的。句意:我发现了一座干净的山,营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知,营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故 D 选项切题。48. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. new 新的;B. special 特殊的;C. significant 相当大的;D. necessary 必要的。句意:环境挑战是巨大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知,很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故
14、 C 选项切题。49.A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off 还清,报偿; B.spreading out 伸展;C. blowing up 爆炸;D. fading away;逐渐消退。句意:环境挑战是巨大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知,前后表示转折关系,说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A 选项切题。50.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere 氛围;B. experience 经历;C. experiment 实验;D.sight 视力。句意:在我看来,来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登
15、山就是人生的一种经历。故 B 选项切题。51.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. studied 学习;B. observed 观察;C. explored 探索;D. regarded 认为。句意:山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space ”,可知,山被许多文化视为精神场所。 be regarded as“被视为.”符合句意。故 D 选项切题。52. A【解析】考查名词辨析。A. view 景色 ;B.quality 质量 ;C. reason 原因;D. purpose 目的 句意:在乞力马扎罗,当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时,景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统,
16、所以景色也是明显的不同。故 A 选项切题。53.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. scientists 科学家;B. climbers 登山者;C. locals 当地人; D. officials 官员。句意:在乞力马扎罗,当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时,景色尤为明显。故 A 选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山,也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故 B 选项切题。54.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.holding on to 抓住;B. going back to 回到(原来的话题) ;C. living up to 履行;D. giving way to 向让步。句意:热带
17、雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头,让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头,所以海拔 3000 米以上就是大片的低矮植物。 giving way to“向让步”符合句意。故 D 选项切题。55.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. changes 改变;B. clears 放晴;C. improves 提高; D.permits 允许。句意:再往上走,天气变了-低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由 “low clouds ”可知,生态系统不同,天气也是不同的,是变化的。故 A 选项切题。56. C【解析】考查动词辨析。A. match 匹配;B. imagine 想
18、象;C. count 数;D.add 增加。句意:我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades of green”可知,作者数出了十二种绿色。故 C 选项切题。57.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. village 村庄; B. desert 沙漠,荒地;C. road 马路;D.lake 湖 。句意:海拔4000 米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由 “grave,stones and rocks”可知,拔 4000 米以上是高山寒漠。故 B 选项切题。58. D【解析】考查副词辨析。A.Obviously 明显地;B.Easily 容易地;C.Consequently 结果
19、;D.Finally 最后地。句意:海拔 4000 米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D 选项切题。59. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. permanent.永久的;B.little 小的;C.fresh 新鲜的;D.artifical 人造的。句意:很明显,你爬进了一个类似北极的地带,那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic -like zone”可知,这是一个类似北极的地带,所以有永久性的积雪。故 A 选项切题。60.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. enjoy 享受;B.deserve 值得;C. save 挽救;D.
20、acquire 获得。句意:乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山,挤满了成群的游客,破坏了宁静的气氛,它值得这样的名声吗?。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故 B 选项切题。2. 【2019江苏卷】请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are _36_ every day. The white-na
21、ped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to _37_ the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their _38_. Emma, a female crane, has been in their _39_ since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation
22、, Emma was _40_ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected _41_, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had _42_ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She _43_ to live with male cranes, and even had a _44_ for killing some of them, which made it _45_ for her to beco
23、me a mother._46_, the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a _47_ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This _48_ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of t
24、heir productive work. But before they can be _49_, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the _50_, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. _51_, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal righ
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