19年中考英语真题 分类 专题16.3 阅读理解（说明文）（第01期）（原卷版）

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1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编（一）【2019 重庆市中考】Cinyee Chiu, an artist from Taiwan, is always happy to try something new. Her amazing works won lots of prizes. Among them, 24 Solar Terms(节气) is the most popular.Ancient Chinese divided a year into 24 parts according to the changes of the weather. Its the 24 solar term

2、s. But not everyone knows them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 solar terns in pictures to help people understand them better.Cinyee turned each solar term into an animal. But these animals are not just animals. You can also find seasonal fruits, vegetables or beautiful flowers on them.When spring comes

3、, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring. Also, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives on the back of the fish. White Dew falls on about Sept. 8. It shows the beginning of the cool autumn. There are colorful leaves and cooler nights at

4、this time of year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠) is often seen on the grass and trees at night. For White Dew, Cinyee chose a raccoona small animal with thick hair. She drew white spots(小圆点) on the raccoon to show dew. And she used the dragon fruit to show the rich colors in autumn.The you

5、ng artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new look.1. The writer gave _ examples to show Cinyees 24 Solar Terms.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five2. From Paragraph 5, we know that _.A. a raccoon likes fishB. Start of Spring falls on about Dec. 8C. White Dew shows the end of the autumnD. Cinyee u

6、sed white spots to show dew3. According to the passage, Picture _ cant be from Cinyees 24 Solar Terms.A. B. C. D. 4. The writer mainly wants to talk about _.A. why Cinyee made herself knownB. who divided a year into 24 partsC. how Cinyee showed the 24 solar termsD. what Start of Spring and White Dew

7、 mean（二）【2019 浙江省温州市】Many objects in the universe are invisible, but they send radio waves. The radio telescope thus appeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century. Reber built the worlds first radio telescope in 1937. Ryle and Hewish developed radio telescope

8、 systems for the location of weak radio sources, and they shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974. A radio telescope is usually made up of:One or more antennas to collect the radio waves. Most antennas are made in the shape of a dish to collect and reflect, the radio waves to the sub-reflector, i

9、n the same way as a curved mirror focuses visible light to one point.A receiver and amplifier to receive the radio waves from the sub-reflector, and make these weak radio waves strong enough to be recorded and turned into electronic signals. To make an amplifier sensitive enough, it is usually coole

10、d to, very low temperatures (e. g. as low as -270）.A recorder to keep a record of the electronic signals. Most: radio telescopes today keep the signals to the computers memory disk for astronomers to analyze later.Radio wavelengths are much longer than those of visible light, and the radio waves fro

11、m deep space are always weak. To catch Radio wavelengths are much longer than those of visible light, and the radio waves from deep space are always weak. To catch these waves, radio telescopes usually have huge antennas. The sizes of most antennas in use today are around 50 to 300 metres in diamete

12、r. The antenna of FAST in Guizhou, China, the latest and largest radio telescope in the world, is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size of 30 football fields.To avoid interferences, and keep the telescopes sensitive, radio telescopes are built in places where there are no human radio waves or

13、 electronic signals. For example, FAST is 5 kilometres away from the closest village and 25 kilometres away from the nearest town. Radio telescopes create pictures of the sky, not in visible light, but in radio waves. This is extremely useful, because there are objects that cant be seen, objects tha

14、t we wouldnt even know without radio telescopes.5. Radio telescopes help collect _ from the universeA. lightB. objectsC. radio wavesD. visible signals6. Most antennas of radio telescopes are made in the shape of a dish to _.A. make the antennas strong enoughB. increase the number of radio wavesC. tu

15、rn radio waves into electronic signalsD. focus radio waves on the sub-reflector7. The underlined word interferences in the passage refers to _.A. the noises made by villagers and animalsB. the sounds from the radios and televisionsC. the people who go to Guizhou to watch FAST workD. the radio waves

16、and electronic signals from humans8. What have we done with the help of radio telescopes?A. We have received pictures of deep space.B. We have discovered unknown lives in the universe.C. We have found some unknown objects in the universe.D. We have turned the radio waves from space into light.（三）【20

17、19 浙江省衢州市】 The world has a plastics problem. And not just with bottles. Straws(吸管), toothbrushes, toysall kinds of plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in the world. Landfills have a large part of it. By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.Much of plastic rub

18、bish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic wont disappear itself. It will remain in the ocean forever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. It e

19、ndangers ocean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat.Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough. They are taking more actions. Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem. In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags except in hospitals. Scotland

20、and several coastal cities in the US stop people from using plastic straws as well. The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day. Thats enough to circle the Earth twice. Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a big difference, Dana Lofflin who started www.strawfree.org

21、 said. Do we really want to pass on to our children a world harmed by plastic?People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste. A company in India made the first-ever spoon that people can eat. You dont have to eat the spoon. You can throw it away. It decomposes(分解) in just a few days. David Edward

22、s, a scientist at Harvard University, designed an eatable bag which can protect the food or drink inside. It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones.9. According to the write, birds die because they _.A. eat bottle caps and strawsB. get caught in fishing netsC. feed on ocean animalsD. have the s

23、poons in India10. The underlined word endangers in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. bringsB. losesC. harmsD. saves11. The purpose of the passage is mainly to _.A. introduce some ways to recycle wasteB. tell readers about the problem with plasticsC. compare air pollution and plastic pollutionD. descri

24、be how the US is reducing plastic waste12. From the passage, we can tell that the plastics problem _.A. is too big for people to solveB. can be solved by recycling aloneC. can be solved, but it wont be easyD. will have to be solved by future scientists（四）【2019 四川省广安市】 Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智

25、能)is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers smart. John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with(提出)the name artificial intelligence over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning a

26、nd problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as people do.An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs. They can learn, solve problems, and think logically(逻辑地）. At present, Al can successfully understanding human speech, recognizie (识别）human faces, operat

27、e self-driving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. However, some people also consider(认为）AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. A famous British scientist also was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math, they wi

28、ll be more likely to become successful AI designers(设计者）in the future. We need not only bright students, but also average(普通的）students. As for(对于）average students, if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also nece

29、ssary for AI designing.Scientists hope to create creative(有创造力）and emotional (有感情的）AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.13. From Paragraph 1, we know that _.A. all problems can be solved by compu

30、tersB. machines with AI can think and learnC. AI has been around for only 60 yearsD. AI works in the same way as people14. According to the passage, what cant AI do at present?A. Understand human speech.B. Operate self-driving cars.C. Compete in some game systems.D. Understand human feelings.15. The

31、 underlined worditin Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是）_.A. chessB. a scientistC. the dangerD. AI16. According to the passage, if students want to become successful AI designers, they should learn _ well.A. math and artB. art and technologyC. math and computer scienceD. art and computer science17. Paragraph

32、 4 mainly tells us the scientist _ about AI.A. wishesB. worriesC. feelingsD. discoveries（五）【2019 安徽省中考】 The world uses about a thousand million(百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting

33、 clean, safe water.Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and re

34、use the wastewater.While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh waterthat comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built aro

35、und the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough

36、. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.18. How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?A. Under 10 million.B. Only 19 million.C. About 92 million.D. Over 700 million.19. Treating wastewater helps the environment by _.A. storin

37、g waste in ice and snowB. letting waste run into oceansC. keeping waste out of rivers and oceansD. sending waste to coastal countries20. What does the underlined word desalination in Paragraph 3 mean?A. 远洋运输B. 潮汐发电C. 食盐销售D. 海水淡化21. At present, the technology to process water _.A. needs much energyB.

38、 saves much moneyC. satisfies everyoneD. causes pollution22. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Water should be a human right.B. The water problem is still serious.C. Our planet is covered with water.D. Everyone has enough clean water.（六）【2019 山东省青岛市】Wind power is a very clean source of en

39、ergy. This is how wind power works. Wind makes windmills spin (旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. Then we can use the electricity. A lot of people think that wind power is new, but thats not true. For thousands of years, people have used wind to sail boats and move water. We still

40、do those things today, but these days we mostly use wind power to make electricity. Wind power is a very popular source of energy. Most people think that we should use it more and more. First of all, its clean. Windmills dont pollute the environment at all. Second, we can use wind power forever. Aft

41、er all, we will always have wind. Also, wind power is cheap, and its getting even cheaper.A lot of people dont understand wind power very well. They believe that there are problems with wind power, but many of those problems are not real. For example, some people say that windmills are dangerous for

42、 birds. They used to be true, but it isnt true anymore. Old windmills killed birds because they spun very fast. New windmills spin slowly, and they arent dangerous for birds.However, there are real problems with windmills. One problem is that many people think windmills are very ugly. This is a prob

43、lem for people, because windmills are often in very pretty areas. Also, wind doesnt blow all the time, so we cant use wind power all the time. Finally, windmills are noisy.Wind power is becoming more and more common. Right now, more than 80 countries use wind power. About 2.5 percent of the worlds p

44、ower comes from the wind. For some countries, that number is a lot higher. Wind power gives Denmark more than 25 percent of its electricity.23. Why DONT new windmills kill birds? Because _.A. birds dont fly near themB. they spin slowlyC. they are shorter than old windmillsD. new windmills dont spin2

45、4. When did people start using wind power?A. About 25 years ago.B. About 80 years ago.C. About 500 years ago.D. Over 1,000 years ago.25. _, so we CANT use wind power all the time.A. Windmills break all the timeB. We cant use windmills at nightC. Windmills are too expensive to use all the timeD. Wind

46、 doesnt blow all the time26. What does the article say about wind power?A. Most people dont like it.B. Its getting cheaper.C. Denmark doesnt use it.D. Its getting more expensive.27. What is the best title for the passage?A. Expensive WindmillsB. Cheap and Clean EnergyC. Popular and Clean Wind PowerD

47、. Dangerous Birds（七）【2019 江苏省宿迁市】 Technology is developing fast and it has become an important part of our life. Then what will the world be like in the future? 3-D food will be both delicious and nutritious(有营养的). We can use 3-D printers to print some basic materials. And we can go further. Scientists believe that we just need to turn on a printer in the kitchen and then we can enjoy our favourite food whenever we like. 5G network will allow many more people to get information. Big companies like China Mobile and China Unicom will start to offer 5G. It is said