19年中考英语真题 分类 专题16.4 阅读理解（议论文）（第02期）（解析版）

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1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编（一）【2019 江苏省苏州市】Athletics vs. GardeningThe students of Southside School were asked to give their opinions about whether the school should run an athletic program or start a vegetable garden.An athletic program is hatch better than gardening. How are we ever going to win anything at th

2、e Inter-School Athletics without proper training? At the moment, we only do athletics for one tam and the teachers train us. We need experts（专家）to teach us things like throwing and high jump. I know lots of kids say theyre tot interested in competitions, but thats because theyve never won anything.

3、If they got better training and started winning things, theyd soon change their minds.People always say kids dont get enough exercise. Just because you do gardening outdoors doesnt make it exercise, so I dont sec how it matters.Athletics is much better for fitness and lots of kids can have a go at t

4、he same tine. I dont think there would be enough jobs for everyone in a garden.In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I dont know why were even considering it.Liz, Grade 8I think a vegetable garden is a great idea. We already do hours of sport, including athletics. And not everyone likes sp

5、ort.Gardening is a great way to get exercise without worrying about whether youre any good at it, or whether youre going to win. And you really do gel exercise when you garden. Theres digging, weeding and watering Even picking things can be hard work pumpkins arent light you know!There are lots of k

6、ids around here who dont have gardens so they cant grow things even they want to. If you really want to do more sport, you can join a club.And think about it: What helps you to be good at sport? You need to eat lots of fruit and vegetables. If we learn to cook all the things we grow, the garden will

7、 keep us all fit and healthy and then well be better at sport. Sam, Grade 85. Which of these points do Liz and Sam both make?A. Kids should take exercise.B. Kids should eat vegetables.C. Kids should try to win more.D. Kids should be outside more.6. What is one reason Liz gives for saying a garden is

8、 a really bad idea?A. Some students dont like getting dirty.B. Some students dont enjoy being outside.C. Some students already know how to garden.D. Some students may have no chance to garden.7. Why does Sam say, And think about it.: what helps you to be good at sport?A. To change the subject.B. To

9、introduce his next reason.C. To support Lizs idea.D. To find an answer to the question.【文章大意】本文以Liz和Sam为例，介绍了南城学校进行的应该开展体育项目还是开设菜园所展开的讨论，代表了两种对立的观点：Liz支持体育运动，Sam支持园艺；但是他们都认为应该让孩子们多锻炼身体。5. A【解析】题意：这些观点中哪一个是莉兹和山姆都提出的?考查细节理解。根据（Liz）Athletics is much better for fitness和（Sam）Gardening is a great way to g

10、et exercise可知他们俩都认为应该锻炼身体，故选A。6. D【解析】题意：莉兹说a garden is a really bad idea的原因是什么?考查细节判断。根据I dont think there would be enough jobs for everyone in a garden. In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea.可知花园里不会有足够的工作给每个人，Some students may have no chance to garden.（有些学生可能没有机会种植花卉）符合句意，故选D。7. B【解析】题意：为

11、什么萨姆说And think about it.: what helps you to be good at sport?考查细节判断。A.换个话题。B. 介绍他的下一个原因。C.支持利兹的想法。D.为了找到问题的答案。根据下文If we learn to cook all the things we grow, the garden will keep us all fit and healthy and then well be better at sport.可知这是山姆支持园艺的另一个理由，故选B。（二）【2019 江苏省苏州市】 If you go shopping in any t

12、oy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and dark-colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is

13、 difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, most

14、 companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect (影响) the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.Some parents are w

15、orried too-for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. Im worried that

16、pink will not help them with that, she says.But not everyone thinks theres something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isnt worried at all. People forget that things change all the time, he says. My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older,

17、 they change. Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change, he adds. Its only since the 1940s that people have stated dressing girls in pink-before that it was a color for boys.12. Which of the followi

18、ng best shows the structure of the passage?A. B. C. D. 13. The underlined word that in Paragraph 3 means _.A. being soft and gentleB. being strong and powerfulC. being gentle but powerfulD. being cute and beautiful14. According to Grayson Turner, _.A. parents neednt worry about pink toysB. all littl

19、e kids love the color pinkC. pink has always been a color for girlsD. his girls now prefer the color blue15. The purpose of this passage is to _.A. explain why girls are crazy about the color pinkB. make parents less worried about the color pinkC. encourage girls to give up playing with pink toysD.

20、show peoples different opinions about the color pink【文章大意】在给孩子买玩具或者衣服的时候，我们会发现很多女孩的玩具或衣服都是粉色的，而男孩的是蓝色的。但现在一些人担心太多的粉色对女孩是不好的，对于这个问题不同的家长有不同的看法。12. B【解析】主旨大意题。这个题目考查文章结构，根据文意可知，短文第一段提出了问题，第二段和第三段分别介绍了担心粉色对女孩不好的一些人和一些家长的看法；第四段则提出了反面的观点，即觉得粉色没有什么不好的这样的家长的看法。由此可知B选项符合文章的逻辑，故选B。13. B【解析】细节理解题。that是一个代词，代指

21、上文提到的事情，根据它所在的语境Pink says that you are soft ad gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. Im worried that pink will not help them with that, she says.可知，Vanessa想让自己的女儿强壮、有力，但她担心粉色不能帮助女儿们那样。因此that代指的是上句话中提到的strong and powerful，故应选B。14. A【解析】细节理解

22、题。根据短文第四段But not everyone thinks theres something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isnt worried at all.可知，Turner不觉得粉色有什么不好的，他觉得家长们不必为此担心。故应选A。15. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据短文第二段第一句话Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls.、第三段第一句话Some parents are worried too以及第四段第一句话

23、But not everyone thinks theres something wrong with pink.可知，这篇短文介绍了人们对粉色对孩子的影响的不同看法。因此应选D。（三）【2019 湖北省孝感市】Last night, a school night, my 11-year-old sons baseball team played a game that lasted until 9:30. By the time we got home and he had a quick dinner and shower, it was 10:30-an hour and a half

24、later than a child who gets up at 6:30 should be going to bed. We love baseball. My son is having fun, getting exercise, and learning patience, teamwork and sports spirit. But the truth is that the game also influences his sleep.As parents, we want good things for our children. We want them to be he

25、althy both in body and in mind. To this end, we look for ways to help our kids grow and develop. We help them with their homework. We sign them up for dance, soccer and baseball. We encourage our kids to take honors courses（培优课程）or to have after-school jobs. And we praise them for hard-earned succes

26、s and achievements.However, the irony is that all of these activities and responsibilities that we are giving our children to make their lives colorful could be badly influencing their health and taking happiness away. Activities, responsibilities, and goals are good. But if we want our kids to real

27、ize their full physical, learning and social ability, sleep is important. We have to start taking sleep seriously.Parents make bedtime routines and carry out（执行）strict rules about nighttime. But in fact, these measures（措施）arent enough because getting our kids, enough sleep isnt just about carrying o

28、ut stricter bedtime. It actually requires more than that. In order to ensure our kids get the sleep they need, bout parents and schools should make an effort.16. From the passage we know the writers son _.A. isnt good at sportsB. wastes time every nightC. cant get enough sleepD. always hangs out wit

29、h friends17. What does the underlined word irony mean in Chinese?A. 光荣B. 骄傲C. 讽刺D. 公正18. What does the writer think of taking honors courses at last?A. Boring.B. Unnecessary.C. Interesting.D. Enjoyable.19. How can we make sure kids get enough sleep according to the write?A. By making the childrens l

30、ives colorful.B. By refusing all the after-school activities.C. By carrying out strict rules about bedtime.D. By making an effort from parents and schools.20. What would the writer probably talk about in the following paragraph?A. Advice on how to sleep well.B. Ways of changing kids education.C. The

31、 importance of sleeping well.D. Measures parents and schools should take.【文章大意】短文关注的是学生睡眠不足的问题，指出鼓励孩子参加培优课程或参加课外活动会严重影响孩子的睡眠健康，呼吁父母和学校应该做出努力确保孩子们得到他们需要的睡眠。16. C【解析】题意：从文章中我们知道作者的儿子睡眠不足。考查细节理解。根据it was 10:30-an hour and a half later than a child who gets up at 6:30 should be going to bed.和But the tru

32、th is that the game also influences his sleep.可知作者的儿子睡眠不足，He cant get enough sleep.符合句意，故选C。17. C【解析】题意：带下划线的单词irony在汉语中是什么意思?考查词义理解。根据下文all of these activities and responsibilities that we are giving our children to make their lives colorful could be badly influencing their health and taking happin

33、ess away.可知我们的善意可能会带来坏的结果，这是很讽刺的，故选C。18. B【解析】题意：最后，作者对参加培优课程有什么看法?考查观点态度题。A. 无聊的；B. 不必要的；C.有趣的；D. 愉快的。根据Activities, responsibilities, and goals are good. But if we want our kids to realize their full physical, learning and social ability, sleep is important.可知培优课程对于孩子们而言不是必要的，故选B。19. D【解析】题意：我们如何确保

34、孩子们有足够的睡眠?考查细节理解。根据In order to ensure our kids get the sleep they need, bout parents and schools should make an effort.可知需要父母和学校做出努力，By making an effort from parents and schools.符合文意，故选D。20. D【解析】题意：在接下来的段落中，作者可能会谈论什么?考查推理判断。A. 关于如何睡好觉的建议。B. 改变孩子们的教育方法。C. 睡好觉的重要性。D. 父母和学校应该采取的措施。根据In order to ensure

35、 our kids get the sleep they need, bout parents and schools should make an effort.可知接下来会谈论父母和学校如何做才能确保孩子们有足够的睡眠，Measures parents and schools should take符合文意，故选D。（四）【2019 贵州省安顺市】For many years, sales of garlic in California had been little because of the much cheaper garlic from China. This year, how

36、ever, California garlic sales are rising because American government increases tariffs（关税）on Chinese products.Christopher, a garlic grower in California, is manager of his company and he said, In a perfect world, we would love to see the tariffs on China.Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25

37、% on May 9,2019,and the reason is that U.S President Donald Trump increased tariffs on Chinese products worth of $200 billion. Since then, Chinese buyers have almost stopped buying soybeans from the United States and American soybean farmers are now getting worried.Not everyone likes the garlic tari

38、ffs in the U.S. Last July Christopher expressed his support on Trumps policy（政策）. However, officials from McCormick and Company Inc. didnt agree with the policy. McCormicks CEO, Lawrence told Reuters（路透社）that without Chinese garlic America cant go. Actually ,the trade war（贸易战）between China and Ameri

39、ca is a sign of American hegemony（霸权）,and it will destroy American economy and U.S government will lose its trust from other countries in the world.21. From the passage we infer（推理）that _.A. America is buying garlic from China as much as beforeB. American soybean farmers make money as much as before

40、C. China is still buying crops from America as much as beforeD. Garlic growers in California are making more money than before22. Why is less Chinese garlic bought by America this year?A. Because enough garlic is grown in California.B. Because American government has increased tax（税收）on Chinese garl

41、ic.C. Because China is not buying soybeans from America.D. Because companies support American government.23. What does the underlined word it in the last paragraph refer to?A. ChinaB. the tradeC. American hegemonyD. a sign24. How much tariff did American government increase on Chinese garlic On May

42、9,2019?A. 15B. 25C. 10D. 3525. According to the passage, who disagrees with the America policy of having tariffs on Chinese products?A. ChristopherB. Donald TrumpC. California garlic growersD. Lawrence【文章大意】本文通过大蒜谈论中美贸易战。21. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第1段For many years, sales of garlic in California had been litt

43、le because of the much cheaper garlic from China. This year, however, California garlic sales are rising because American government increases tariffs（关税）on Chinese products.（多年来，由于中国的大蒜价格便宜得多，加州的大蒜销量一直很低。然而，今年，加州大蒜的销量正在上升，因为美国政府提高了对中国产品的关税。）可以推断出加州的大蒜种植者比以前赚了更多的钱；故选D。22. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段第1句Tariffs

44、on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9,2019,（2019年5月9日，中国大蒜的关税从10%上升到25%）可知今年美国购买的中国大蒜比较少是因为美国政府增加了对中国大蒜的税收；故选B。23. C【解析】细节理解题。此句Actually ,the trade war（贸易战）between China and America is a sign of American hegemony（霸权）,and it will destroy American economy and U.S government will lose its tru

45、st from other countries in the world.句意是：事实上，中美贸易战是美国霸权的标志，它将摧毁美国经济，美国政府将失去世界各国的信任。根据句意可知it指代美国霸权；故选C。24. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段第1句Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9,2019,（2019年5月9日，中国大蒜的关税从10%上升到25%）可知2019年5月9日，美国政府对中国大蒜增加了15%关税；故选A。25. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段第3句McCormicks CEO, Lawrence tol

46、d Reuters（路透社）that without Chinese garlic America cant go.（麦考密克的首席执行官劳伦斯告诉路透社，没有中国大蒜，美国就不行。）可知，Lawrence（劳伦斯）不同意美国对中国产品征收关税的政策；故选D。（五）【2019 湖北省荆门市】What does it take to graduate from university? Some papers or high scores in exams? Well, these are not enough if you are a student at Tsinghua University

47、.According to a new rule of the university, students must prove (证明) themselves in the swimming pool. They need to pass a swimming test of at least 50 meters, and those who fail the test will be required to take a swimming course throughout their school years. By the time they graduate, they will ha

48、ve known how to swim; otherwise they cant graduate with their bachelors degrees(学士学位). The news made waves in Chinese social media (媒体). Some people praised the university for requiring a necessary skill that can save lives, and they also believed that the rule would help improve students health. However, others questioned if it was fair to expect those who come from inland cities (内陆城市) to be able to swim. In fact, this is not a n