2020届高三精准培优专练十 阅读理解-----推理判断题（学生版）

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1、精准培优专练2020届高三好教育精准培优专练培优点十 阅读理解-推理判断题一、 真题在线Passage 1（2019浙江卷，A）Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(军队的) medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals rightful owners, and returns them.His effort to reunite famili

2、es with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to

3、 do.Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrados sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: “Who are you? What antique shop?” However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon s

4、he drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. “At that point, I knew she meant business,” Zac says. “To drive eight hours to come to see me.”The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.Before hearing f

5、rom Zac, Adeline hadnt realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zacs mother had found was a family treasure. “This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions(场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands,” Adeline says.As a child, Adeline

6、couldnt understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, “and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left.” Corrado Piccolis Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.Zac recently returned

7、another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrados medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？A. In the army.B. In an antique shop.C. From his mother.D. From Adeline Rockko.22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to m

8、eet him?A. She was very impolite.B. She was serious about the medal.C. She suspected his honesty.D. She came from a wealthy family.23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?A. Her parents advice.B. Her knowledge of antiques.C. Her childhood dream.D. Her memory of her brother.Passage 2（2019上海卷，

9、C）Everything about nuclear energy seems terrifically big: the cost, construction and decommissioning and the fears of something going badly wrong.The future, however may well be much smaller. Dozens of companies are working on a new generation of reactors that, they promise, can deliver nuclear powe

10、r at lower cost and reduced risk.These small-scale plants will on average generate between 50MW and 300MW of power compared with the 1,000MW-plus from a conventional reactor. They will draw on modular manufacturing techniques that will reduce construction risk, which has plagued larger-scale project

11、s. Supporters believe these advanced modular reactors (AMRs) most of which will not be commercial until the 2030s are critical if atomic power is to compete against the rapidly falling costs of solar and wind.“The physics hasnt changed. Its about much cleverer design that offers much-needed flexibil

12、ity in terms of operation,” said Tim Stone, long-term industry adviser and chairman of Nuclear risk Insurers, which insures nuclear sites in the UK.Since the Fukushima meltdown in Japan in 2011, safety fears have threatened nuclear power. But the biggest obstacle today is economic. In western Europe

13、, just three plants are under construction: in the UK at Hinkley point C in Somerset; at Flamanville in France; and at Olkiluoto in Finland. All involve the European Pressurized Reactor technology of EDF that will be used at Hinkley Point. All are running years late and over budget. In the US, the f

14、irst two nuclear projects under way for the past 30 years are also blowing through cost estimates.The UK, which opened the worlds first commercial nuclear reactor in 1956, is one of the few western nations committed to renewing its ageing fleet to ensure energy security and meet tough carbon reducti

15、on targets. It is seen as a proving ground, by many in the industry, of nuclear powers ability to restore confidence.However, the countrys agreement with EDF to build two units at Hinkley Point which together will generate 3.2GW of electricity has come under severe criticism over its cost. The gover

16、nment is looking at different funding models but said it still sees nuclear power as vital to the countrys future energy mix. Small reactors, it believes, have the potential to generate much-needed power from the 2030s.A nuclear sector deal, unveiled last month, promised up to 56m in funding for res

17、earch and development into AMRs and attracted interest of start-ups from around the world. The government hopes the funding will give the UK a lead in the global race to develop these technologies, helping to provide energy security while also creating a multibillion-dollar export market for British

18、 engineering companies.63. Which of the following is true about the advanced modular reactors (AMRs)?A. AMRs produce more power than traditional reactors.B. Small in scale, AMRs rose more safety risks.C. So far, most AMRs have not been put into use yet.D. Governments prefer energy of solar and wind

19、to that of AMRs.64. In paragraph 5, the author mentions the plants in Western Europe and the US to _.A. prove that nuclear power has been threatened by safety concernB. show that the construction of nuclear power plants cost more than the budget availableC. indicate the construction of nuclear plant

20、s are slow in speedD. point out that most power plants have adopted the latest nuclear technology65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Some people have lost confidence in the development of nuclear plants.B. The UK government seeks to reduce the negative impact of nuclear power on its economy

21、.C. The plan to build two power plants in Hinkley Point has been deserted.D. a kind costs for small modular reactors would be higher relative to large nuclear reactors.66. Which of the following can serve as the best title of this passage?A. Britain counts on nuclear energy to keep lights onB. Tradi

22、tional nuclear plants boom with mini reactorsC. Nuclears share of power generation remain steadD. Nuclear power looks to shrink its way to successPassage 3（2019北京卷，C）The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know. By next year, hal

23、f of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, its too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) beco

24、me widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice man

25、ipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation witho

26、ut detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your m

27、others name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tri

28、cking you into “confirming” your address, mothers name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.W

29、e need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abando

30、ning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.38. How does the author feel about the solution

31、s to problem of robocalls?A. Panicked.B. Confused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappointed.39. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can _.A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easilyC. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread information widely40. What does the passage imply?A. Honesty is the be

32、st policy.B. Technologies can be double-edged.C. There are more solutions than problems.D. Credibility holds the key to development.41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RobocallsC. Why Robo

33、calls Are About to Get More DangerousD. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of TechnologyPassage 4（2018全国新课标II，C）Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, so

34、me data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the reports key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 1

35、7-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2-8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour

36、per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most ho

37、peful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents

38、 who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.28. What is the

39、 Common Sense Media report probably about?A. Childrens reading habits.B. Quality of childrens books.C. Childrens after-class activities.D. Parent-child relationships.29. Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”?A. In paragraph 2. B. In paragraph 3.C. I

40、n paragraph 4. D. In paragraph 5.30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. It may harm childrens health.D. E-readers are expensive.31. How should parents encourage their children to read more?A. Act as role models for them.B. As

41、k them to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them.D. Talk with their reading class teachers.二、对点专练Passage 1Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what youre going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image

42、 of you. Doesnt it feel good to say it out loud? Dont you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you wo

43、uld not be satisfied until youd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(认可) it, psychologists have found its called a “social reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that its already done. And then, because youve felt that satisfaction, youre less m

44、otivated to do the actual hard work necessary. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163

45、 people across four separate tests everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(许诺) to this goal to the room, and half didnt. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop

46、at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt m

47、uch closer to achieving their goal.1. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Completion of the goal.B. Necessary hard work.C. Peoples acknowledgement.D.A sense of satisfaction.2. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.B. Achieving person

48、al goal needs more time.C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.3. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about peoples goal?A. By giving figures.B. By giving examples.C. By making a survey.D. By making comparison tests.4. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?A. You will be more confident.B. You will not gain satisfaction.C. You are less likely to realize it.D. Youll be much more motivated.Passage 2