2020届高三精准培优专练十九语法填空（教师版）

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1、精准培优专练2020届高三好教育精准培优专练培优点十九 语法填空一、 真题在线Passage 1(2019全国I语法填空)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence _1_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. I

2、t is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _2_(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods _3_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and a

3、re expensive _4_(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _5_(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _6_(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _7_(note) that hungry bears may be congrega

4、ting(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _8_(high) than they actually are. Of _9_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _10_(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】1. that 2. poorly 3. of/for 4. to per

5、form 5. have report6. belief 7. noting 8. higher 9. the 10. are【解析】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。1.考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence内容，故填that。2.考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。3.考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，

6、用of连接，“methods of doing sth.”，意为“的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。4.考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。5.考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。6.考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。7.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by

7、可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。8.考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。9.考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。10.考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。Passage 2(2019全国III语法填空)On our way to the house, it was raining _1_ hard that we c

8、ouldnt help wondering how long it would take _2_(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _3_ dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _4_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their

9、 experiences and _5_(recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _6_(compete) to watch, together wi

10、th the story behind it. They also shared with us many _7_(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were _8_(huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we _9_(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _10_(listen) to musicians and

11、 meeting interesting locals.【答案】1. so 2. to get 3. of 4. who 5. recommended 6. competition 7. traditional 8. hugely 9. were invited 10. listening【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后收到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。1.考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。2.

12、考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。3.考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。4.考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。5.考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。6.考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词

13、an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。7.考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。8.考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。9.考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。10.考查分词。

14、本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以10题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。二、 对点专练Passage 1A theme park in France started a new and environmentally-friendly way _1_(deal) with litter. It has trained six rooks (白嘴鸦) to pick up

15、rubbish. Rooks are members of the crow family. The birds have been trained to pick up cigarette _2_(end), paper and other things _3_(throw) on the ground. The birds pick up the litter and put it in a trash can. This gives the crows food as a reward. The more litter the birds put in the trash, the mo

16、re food _4_ get.The head of the park _5_(give) several reasons for using the crows. He said: “The goal is not just to clean up. but also to demonstrate _6_ nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment.” Crows are sociable and _7_(intelligence). They may be as smart as a seven-year-old

17、child. The theme park head said: “In _8_ affectionate, supportive atmosphere, they like to communicate with humans and _9_(establish) a relationship through play.” The crows are quick workers. They can fill a bucket _10_ rubbish in less than 45 minutes.【答案】1. to deal 2. ends 3. thrown 4. they 5. gav

18、e 6. that 7. intelligent 8. an 9. establish 10. with【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了法国一家主题公园推出了一种新的环保方式来处理垃圾训练白嘴鸦在公园建垃圾。1.考查不定式。句意：法国一家主题公园推出了一种新的环保方式来处理垃圾。way后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“的方法”，故填to deal。2.考查名词。句意：这些鸟经过训练，能够捡起烟头、纸和其他扔在地上的东西。cigarette end表示“烟头”，是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填ends。3.考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，things与throw之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动

19、，用过去分词作后置定语，故填thrown。4.考查代词。句意：鸟儿捡的垃圾越多，它们得到的食物就越多。此处指代the birds并在句中作主语，故填they。5.考查时态。句意：公园负责人给出了使用白嘴鸦（捡垃圾）的几个理由。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填gave。6.考查宾语从句。句意：我们的目标不仅仅是清理垃圾，同时也为了证明自然本身可以教会我们保护环境。此处为宾语从句，从句成分完整，所以用that只起连接作用，无实义，故填that。7.考查形容词。句意：白嘴鸦善于交际，并且很聪明。此处与sociable并列用形容词作表语，故填intelligent。8.考查冠词。句意：在一个

20、充满爱和支持的氛围中，它们喜欢与人类交流，并通过玩耍建立关系。不可数名词atmosphere前有形容词时，常用不定冠词修饰，affectionate以元音音素开头，故填an。9.考查不定式。句意参考上题解析。like to do sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，前面已经有了不定式符号to，故填establish。10.考查介词。它们能在45分钟内装满一桶垃圾。fill sth. with表示“用装满”，故填with。Passage 2For the first time in 94 years, the Palace Museum has extended its opening hours, a

21、llowing the public to celebrate the Lantern Festival at night in the ancient palace.About 3,000 lucky visitors received free tickets from the government, among _1_ was Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-old public security volunteer. Its a mark of gratitude for her volunteer work. “It is _2_(true) an honor to b

22、e granted this special privilege,” Zhang said.To guarantee the _3_(safe) of the palace, festival organizers _4_(plan) this years Lantern Festival event used LED lights rather than traditional paper lanterns and red candles. Its a fascinating event for visitors to absorb _5_(they) in the festive atmo

23、sphere in the museum. Discussion of the Palace Museums new look lit up social media following Tuesdays display.Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang _6_(bring) many changes to the worlds _7_(large) royal complex (建筑群). Once in a speech the 64-year-old director shared his idea a

24、bout how to make traditional _8_(treasure) come alive again. “_9_ matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are _10_ peoples daily lives,” he said.【答案】1. whom 2. truly 3. safety 4. planning 5. themselves 6. has brought 7. largest 8. treasures 9. What 10. to【解析】这是一篇记叙

25、文。文章讲述了故宫博物院94年来首次延长开放时间，允许公众在晚上在这座古老的宫殿里庆祝元宵节，并且吸引了很多游客。1.考查定语从句连接词。句意：大约3000名幸运的游客获得了政府的免费门票，其中包括77岁的公安志愿者张志福。whom引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，且在定语从句中作介词among的宾语，指人，故填whom。2.考查副词。句意：张说:“能被授予这样的特权真的是我的荣幸。”副词修饰整句话，故填truly。3.考查名词。句意：为了保证故宫的安全，今年元宵节活动的组织者使用LED灯而不是传统的纸灯笼和红蜡烛。根据the可知填写名词，博物馆的安全，故填safety。4.考

26、查非谓语动词。organizers与plan是主动关系，故填现在分词做后置定语，故填planning。5.考查反身代词。句意：这是一个吸引人的事件，让游客沉浸在博物馆的节日气氛中。短语absorb oneself in表示“集中注意力在上”，指代visitors，故填themselves。6.考查动词时态。句意：自从成为故宫博物院院长以来，单霁翔给这个世界上最大的皇家建筑群带来了许多变化。根据since可知填写现在完成时，主语是单数名词，故填has brought。7.考查形容词最高级。句意：世界上最大的皇家建筑群。根据句意可知应填形容词最高级，故填largest。8.考查名词的数。句意：在一次演讲中，这位64岁的导演分享了他关于如何让传统宝藏重新焕发生机的想法。treasure为可数名词，此处表示数量不止一个，故填名词复数treasures。9.考查名词性从句连接词。句意：“对博物馆来说，重要的不是有多少游客，而是他们离人们的日常生活有多近，”他说。what引导主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填What。10.考查介词。短语be close to表示“靠近，接近”，故填介词to。6