广东省广州市2019年初中毕业生学业考试英语试题(word版含答案和解析)

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1、秘密启用前2019年广州市初中毕业生学业考试英语本试卷共四大题,12页,满分110分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项1、答卷前,考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号,再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上;如需要改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的

2、答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。1、 语法选择(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The first astronautsSince the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky. This is very diff

3、erent from the situation 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe.When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not people-they were animals.Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as

4、 possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space. Many of them 8 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9 forget these ani

5、mals.Albert was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 11 the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he return to earth 12 very good health.Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 13

6、 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years1. A look B. to look C.looking D. looked2. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of3. A explore B to explore C exp

7、lored D. exploring4.A.as B. or C. but D. so5. A. safe B. safer C. safest D. the safest6. A. they B.them C. their D. theirs7. A whom B. what C. that D. whose8. A. die B. died C have died D. will die9. A shouldnt B. may not C.dont have to D. neednt10.A.if B.because C. after D. since11. A. Luck B. Luck

8、 C. Luck D. Luckily12. A. at B. on C. in D.for 13. A. a B. an C. the D./14. A. send B. sent C. is sent D. was sent15. A. another B.other C. others D. the others答案：1-5 BDDCA6-10 BCBAC11-15 DCBDA解析：【文章大意】此文介绍了第批到达太空的宇航员的故事。1. 考察非谓语动词。B【解析】to do不定式表目的，“今天人们用现代化机器来观测天空”。2. 考察数词。D【解析】thousands of成千上万的。3.

9、 考察非谓语动词。D【解析】dream ofdoing sth. 梦想做某事，固定搭配。4. 考察连词。C【解析】根据题意，人们登上太空并不是多久远的事情，“但是”第个航天员并不是人类，而是动物。表转折用but. 5. 考察形容词。 A【解析】as+adj. （原级）+as possible.尽可能地。6. 考察代词。B【解析】作动词test的宾语，要用宾格them(指代animals)。7. 考察定语从句。C【解析】先行词是some of the animals. 充当从句的主语，用关系代词that。8. 考察动词时态。B【解析】根据句子后半部分but they helped知是一般过去时。

10、9. 考察情态动词。A【解析】根据题意，动物让人们的太空旅行变得更加安全，它们做出了很大的贡献，我们“不应该”忘记它们。10.考察连词。 C【解析】在？Abert II的太空飞船回到地球之后，他死掉了。after“在之后”。11考察副词。D【解析】luckily幸运地。“幸运的是，Ham the monkey的结局并不像Abert II儿那样（悲惨）。12考察介词。C【解析】in good health是固定搭配，表示身体健康。1 3考察冠词。B【解析】泛指“和Ham 一样的动物”用不定冠词，而animal元音开头，所以用an。14考察被动语态。D【解析】主语Ham和send是被动关系，又根据

11、后面的时间状语in 1061知是过去时态，因此用was sent。15考察other家族。 【解析】another表示 “再一，又一”,根据题意，Ham在1961年被送到太空之后，一切事情都做得很好，活了 “又一个”16年。体裁：说明文话题：航天航空难度：中译文：首位航天员 从很久以前人们就已经观测星星、月亮和行星了。如今人们使用现代机器来观测天空。这和数千年前当人们只能用眼睛（来观测星空）的情形很不一样或许他们梦想着探索宇宙。 人类什么时候首次进入太空的呢？这个故事发生在不久前，但第位宇航员不是人是动物。 科学家想让人们尽可能安全地进入太空。所以他们决定用动物试验，并在太空飞行中测试它们。昆

12、虫、老鼠、青蛙、狗和猴子是首次进入太空的一些动物它们之中很多死去了，但是他们帮助人们让太空旅行变得更加安全。因为它们的卓越贡献，我们不应该忘记这些动物。 在1 949年，艾伯特二号是第一只进入太空的猴子，令人难过的是它在太空船着陆地球后死去了。 幸运的是，对于猴子汉姆来说结果并不一样他的故事有个令人开心的结局当他回到地球时它非常健康。 科学家想知道这个重要问题的答案：个像汉姆样的动物在太空能够做和它在地球上做的同样的事情吗？当汉姆1961年被送到太空的时候，答案就出来了：是的，他所有事情都做得很好并且又活了1 6年。2、 完形填空(共10小题;每小题15分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意

13、,然后从1625各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑John suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing down. He called out nervously,”Mom, wheres Charlie? He had just 16 he hadnt seen his new puppy for over an hour.John looked around the garden, behind the bushes, and under the picnic table. No dog! His mo

14、ther heard 17 in his voice as he called her a second time. Mom, I cant find Charlie!She came outside 18. Lets look around the garden first. Don,t worry. Im sure hes close by.Both son and mother were 19 now, but still no Charlie. Their calls were not completely wasted, though. Joe, the next-door neig

15、hbor, and his two daughters Tania and Julie, immediately agreed to help them 20 the lost dog.But even with five people now searching the towns streets, they had no luck. Charlie was still 21.Tania suggested they make posters with Charlies 22 She had done this when her own cat was lost a year earlier

16、, she told John, and the cat was found the next day.John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie, Then John heard a 23 and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss Charlie had been_ 24 in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John ha

17、d never been so 25 in his life!16.A.decided B.forgotten C understood D. realized17. A anger B.hope C. fear D. warning18. A actively B.quickly C.carelessly D annoyingly19. A shouting B. talking C fighting D. thinking20. A give up B. look for C. run after D. take care of21. A. missing B asleep C. take

18、 D quiet22. A address B. character C name D. picture23. A. message B. noise C. voice D. song24. A shut B. woke C. tied D.saved25 A afraid B silly C happy D proud答案：16-20 DCBAB21-25 ADBAC解析：【文章大意】此文描述John如何找到失踪的宠物狗Charlie。John和他妈妈听取并采纳了邻居给的建议，最后却发现宠物狗Charlie就在自己的房间里。1 6考查动词和上下文联系。D【解析】根据前一句“He called

19、 out nervously，” “Mom wheres Charlie?”，可得知John此刻非常着急，他发现他的宠物狗不见了，他询问他妈妈Charlie去哪里了。这时候,他意识到他已经超过个小时没有见过他的小狗了。所以选Drealized。17考查名词和上下文联系。C【解析】上文说到John发现Charlie不见了十分着急，根据下文妈妈说的“Dont worry”可知, John非常恐慌、害怕。anger生气，愤怒：hope希望；fear恐惧、害怕：warning警告,警示。故选C。18考查副词和上下文联系。B【解析】上文说到Charlie不见了。John着急地呼喊了他妈妈两次，由前一句a

20、s he called her a second time”可知，当妈妈听到John的呼喊，担心发生什么事情，很迅速地就赶出来了，故选B。19考查动词和上下文联系。A【解析】根据后一句 “Their calls were not completely wasted, though”，可得知前一句句意：John和妈妈不断大声呼喊，但仍找不到Charlie。shouting呼喊：talking谈话；fghting打架、打斗：thinking思考。所以选shouting。20考查动词短语和上下文联系。B【解析】句意：邻居家的两个女儿Tania和Julie同意帮他们寻找Charlie。而且，与下一句的

21、searching相对应。故选B。give up放弃：look for寻找; run after追赶; take care of照顾, 故选B。21考查形容词和上下文联系。A【解析】句意：尽管五个人一起上街去找Charlie,但是仍然不见Charlie的踪影。missing丢失的; asleep睡着的；taken被拿走的；quiet安静的。故选A。22. 考查名词和上下文联系。D【解析】根据下文，John做了幅贴有Charlie照片的海报，可知本题的这个句子, Tania建议John做海报并在海报上贴狗狗的照片，故选D。23考查名词上下文联系。B【解析】句意：Tohn听到了狗狗的响声并打开了房

22、门。故选B。message信息；noise噪音，响声；voice嗓音；song歌曲。24.考查动词和上下文联系。A【解析】句意：Charlie 一直被关在房间里边睡觉。这里是被动语态，使用动词的过去分词，shut被关在；woken醒来的;tied被系着的; saved被救活的。故选A。25考查形容词和上下文联系。C【解析】找到Charlie后，根据Charlie给John的亲密互动，说明John在找到Charlie后是非常开心的，用happy。体裁：记叙文话题：个人经历难度：易译文： John突然下从秋千上跳下来，他甚至都没有减速。他紧张地喊道：“妈妈，Charlie在哪！”他刚发现已经有个多

23、小时没见到他的新小狗了。 John到处寻找：花园、灌木丛还有野餐桌。哪里都找不到他的小狗。当他第二次喊“妈妈我找不到Charlie”的时候，他的声音充满了恐惧。妈妈飞快地跑出来，说道：“别担心，我们先在花园找下。Charlie一定就在附近。” 母子两人都在边喊边找，但还是找不到Charlie。不过他们也没有白喊，隔壁邻居Charlie和他的两个女儿Tania和Julie立即同意帮助他们起寻找不见了的狗狗。 即使五个人起在镇上的街道寻找，他们还是没有好运气，查理还是没找到。Tania建议用Charlie的照片做张海报。她告诉John，年前她的猫不见的时候她也是这么做的，第二天就找到了。 John

24、同意了，他们回家就用Charlie的照片做了张海报。John一打开了卧室门就听到个声音，就是Charlie! John被大大地亲了一口。Charlie 一直在卧室里睡觉。John从未感到如此幸福过！3、 阅读(共两节,满分45分)第一节 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文,从2645各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside river. They were disputing which was the better animal。L

25、ook at my strength, said the elephant. I can pull up a tree, roots and all, with my trunk“Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine, replied the crocodile. No knife or tooth can cut through it.”Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass.My dear friends ! said the King of all a

26、nimals, going up to them. Let me know the cause of your disagreement。”“Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal? cried both at once. Certainly, said the lion, pointing across the river. Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall?”“Yes! replied the beasts.“Well, then, continued the lion

27、, go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.”Upon hearing this, off they started, The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall.Here he waited till the elephant came up. The elephant

28、, seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal, raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily.They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forc

29、ed to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lions feet. The King took it up,

30、 and turning to the elephant, said:“You, because of your size and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, having lost it,you were unable to get it back. And you, said the lion to the crocodile, although unable to reach the hat, were able to dive for it and save it. You are both wise and a

31、ble in your own ways. One is no better than the other.”26. The underlined worddisputingin Paragraph I meansA. playingB quarrellingC complainingD. deciding27. What did the crocodile think was best about himself?A. His big mouthB. His strong skinC. His swimming skillD His dangerous teeth28. How did th

32、e lion deal with the animals disagreement?A. He ordered them to fight.B. He made a quick decision.C. He suggested a competitionD. He asked them to describe themselves29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat?A. The hat got wet in the river.B. He hit a floating treC. He was trying to swim too fast

33、D. He wanted to fight the crocodile30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task?A. By working togetherB. planning carefullyC. By sharing their ideasD. By listening to the lion答案：26-30 BBCCA解析： 这是篇记叙文，讲述了大象和鳄鱼争论谁才是更厉害的动物，最终在狮子的点拨下明白其实他们各有所长不相上下的故事。26.答案：B 本题属于猜词题。A选项表示“玩耍，展

34、示”，B选项表示“争吵”，C选项表示“抱怨”，D选项表示“决定”。通过划线单词下文的“Which was the better animal”以及第五段第二句话“Let me how the cause of your disagreement”可知，大象和鳄鱼在争论谁是更好的动物，故选B。27.答案：B 本题属于细节题，通过文章第三段 “Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine. No knife or tooth can cut through it.”可知鳄鱼认为自己最厉害的法宝就是自己坚硬的皮肤故选B。28答案：C 本题属于细节题

35、，通过文章第七九段“Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall?Go and get it，and bring it to me，and I shall be able then to decide between you”可知，狮子建议通过个比赛来解决大象和鳄鱼的争论，故选C。29答案：C本题属于细节题，通过文章第十二段第2句话“The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless”和第3句话“Whe

36、n he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch. the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom.”可知，大象为了追赶上在前方的鳄鱼，所以变得不小心把帽子弄掉了。而且，原文提到大象被迫急转弯避开漂浮的树枝，但没有提及撞上树枝。故选C。30.答案：A 本题属于推断题，由文章最后一段话可知，大象通过自己高大的身躯和长鼻子拿到了帽子，而鳄鱼因为深谙水性而把帽子从河底捞了上来。因此最终帽子能到狮子手里，是因为两者的共同合作，缺一不可，故选A。体裁：记

37、叙文话题：寓言类难度：易考点：26词义猜测题27细节理解题28细节理解题29细节理解题30. 推理判断题译文： 曾经一只大象和一条鳄鱼站在河边，争论究竟谁更厉害。 “瞧瞧我，力大无穷，我能用我的鼻子把一根树连根拔起！”大象说。 “但是你的皮肤却不像我的一样，无坚不摧，没有什么刀刃和牙齿能够刺穿它”鳄鱼反驳道。 就在他们争论得面红耳赤，即将要开始拳脚相向的时候，只狮子恰好经过。 这只万兽之王走向他们并说道：“我亲爱的朋友们，请让我了解一下你们争辩的话题吧。” 大象和鳄鱼立刻双双哭诉道：“你能告诉我们谁才是更厉害的动物吗？” 狮子回答道：“当然可以！”他指着河对面说，“你们看到那面高墙上士兵的金属

38、帽子了吗？” “看到了！”他们回答道。 狮子继续道：“好的，那你们两个去把那顶帽子带到我面前来，到时候我就会在你二人之中做出决定。” 一听到狮子的这番话，他们两个立刻就出发了。深谙水性的鳄鱼率先到达了河对岸，很快就站在了高墙边。 鳄鱼一直站着，直到大象也上来了。大象看见鳄鱼对于高墙上的帽子束手无策，只能干瞪眼，而他举起长长的鼻子，不费吹灰之力就把帽子取下来了。 随后他们再次来到河边准备原路返回。大象一直努力地想要跟上在水中迅速游动的鳄鱼，渐渐有些大意。就在他为了避开棵浮木被迫急转弯的时候，帽子掉进了河里并沉到了河底。鳄鱼注意到了这个突发情况，于是他潜到河底并用嘴叼回了帽子。然后他们回到了出发的

39、地方，鳄鱼把金属帽放在了狮子脚边。 狮子拿起帽子，转身对大象说：“你，由于你的身型和象鼻的优势，能够成功取下高墙上的帽子，但由于你不熟水性，无法把帽子成功带回来。”随后，他又对鳄鱼说，“尽管你够不到帽子，但是你深谙水性，能够在突发情况的时候潜入水中把帽子带回来。你们两个都很机智，并且在自己的领域里非常有能力。因此你们两个并没有谁比谁更厉害，只是各有所长罢了。”(B)They say thattravel is the best teacherand there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writ

40、er and geographer Xu Xiake (1587-1641). His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the countrys land and geography.Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about di

41、fferent places at anearly age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however. Xus father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required.But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her

42、son,s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.So at the age of twenty and with his mothers support, Xu set off f

43、or the first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many disc

44、overies in a diary This diary, which once had over 500,000 words, would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural

45、world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and tiring and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeysSadly Xu became seriously ill during

46、 his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the Southwest of China. He died in 1641. soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.31. What is the passage mainly aboutA. The general details of Xu Xiakes life storyB. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travelsC The important discoveries made by Xu XiakeD. The inf